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Authors: Jean-Baptiste Duroselle

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France and the Nazi Threat: The Collapse of French Diplomacy 1932-1939

BOOK: France and the Nazi Threat: The Collapse of French Diplomacy 1932-1939
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Jean-Baptiste Duroselle

FRANCE

and the

NAZI THREAT

The Collapse of French Diplomacy
1932-1939

Introduction by
Anthony Adamthwaite
University of California, Berkeley

Enigma Books

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Published in the United States by:

Enigma Books

New York

www.enigmabooks.com

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the written permission of Enigma Books.

Originally published in French under the title:

La Décadence 1932-1939

3ème édition corrigée

Translated by Catherine E. Dop and Robert L. Miller

Copyright © 2004 by Enigma Books for the English translation

Copyright © 1985 by Imprimerie Nationale, Paris

First English-language edition

eISBN 978-1-936274-81-9

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

    
Duroselle, Jean Baptiste, 1917-1994

  
France and the Nazi threat : the collapse of French diplomacy, 1932-1939 / Jean-Baptiste Duroselle ; introduction by Anthony Adamthwaite ; translated by Catherine E. Dop and Robert L. Miller.— 1st English-language ed.

    
p. cm.

  
Translation of: La Décadence, 1932-1939.

  
Includes bibliographical endnotes and index.

1. France—Foreign relations—1914-1940. 2. France—Politics and government—1914-1940. I. Adamthwaite, Anthony P. II. Dop, Catherine, 1948- III. Miller, Robert L. (Robert Lawrence), 1945- IV. Title. V. Title: France & the Nazi threat.

DC396 .D87 2004

944.081’5—dc21

 

FRANCE

and the

NAZI THREAT

The Collapse of French Diplomacy

1932-1939

T
ABLE OF
C
ONTENTS

Introduction
by Anthony Adamthwaite

Foreword

Preface

I.
         
The Return of Edouard Herriot (June-December 1932)

           
1.
    
France and the End of Reparations

           
2.
    
Herriot, Disarmament and “Equal Rights”

           
3.
    
Herriot’s Positive Contribution: the Franco-Soviet Agreement

           
4.
    
The Debts, the United States, and the Fall of Herriot

II.
       
The Year of Paul-Boncour (December 18, 1932-January 30, 1934)

           
1.
    
How Did the French React to Hitler’s Coming to Power?

           
2.
    
A Total Failure: Disarmament and the Franco-German Rapprochement

           
3.
    
The Four Power Pact and the Outline of a Franco-Italian Rapprochement

           
4.
    
The Pursuit of Rapprochement with the USSR

           
5.
    
The Move Toward Economic Nationalism

III.
      
The Barthou Era (1934)

           
1.
    
Louis Barthou and His Plans

           
2.
    
The Note of April 17, 1934

           
3.
    
The Visit of the Smaller Allies

           
4.
    
Toward the Grand Alliance

           
5.
    
French Public Opinion

IV.
      
The Laval Era

           
1.
    
A Small Step Towards Germany

           
2.
    
A Small Step Towards Italy

           
3.
    
A Small Step Towards the USSR

           
4.
    
A Small Step Towards England

V.
       
The Rhineland Tragedy (January-June 1936)

           
1.
    
Internal and Foreign Policy up to March 7, 1936

           
2.
    
The Forecasts About the Dimilitarized Zone

           
3.
    
Was There a Countermove Planned?

           
4.
    
The Decision to Not React and Getting Bogged Down

VI.
      
The Atmosphere

           
1.
    
The Status of French Patriotism

           
2.
    
The French Traveled Very Little Overseas

           
3.
    
Foreign Tourists in France

           
4.
    
Immigration: A Diluted Form of Foreign Influence

           
5.
    
Foreign Countries as Seen in Literature

           
6.
    
The Influence of Foreign Propaganda on Public Opinion

VII.
     
France’s Worldwide Economic Interests

           
1.
    
The “Gold-Bloc”

           
2.
    
Overview of French Foreign Trade

           
3.
    
Lingering Economic Imperialism

           
4.
    
The Empire

VIII.
    
Elusive Security

           
1.
    
The Doctrine

           
2.
    
The Conditions of France’s Armed Forces in 1936

           
3.
    
The High Command

           
4.
    
The Heretics

IX.
      
The Diplomatic Machine

           
1.
    
The Quai d’Orsay

           
2.
    
The Ambassadors

           
3.
    
The Specialized Attachés

X.
       
The Popular Front (1936-1937)

           
1.
    
A Timid Beginning

           
2.
    
The Beginning of Non-Intervention in Spain

           
3.
    
The Great Devaluation and the Lesser Ones

           
4.
    
A Western Grand Design?

           
5.
    
1937: A Colorless Year

XI.
      
The Year of Munich

           
1.
    
The March 1938 Crisis

           
2.
    
The Final Reaction of the Popular Front

           
3.
    
The False Crisis of May 1938

           
4.
    
Preliminaries to the Great Crisis

           
5.
    
France Abandons Czechoslovakia

           
6.
    
The Great Crisis and Munich (September 23-30)

           
7.
    
French Public Opinion and Munich

           
8.
    
The Collapse of France’s Prestige Abroad

XII.
     
After Munich: Expectations and Uncertainties

           
1.
    
Munich and the Economy

           
2.
    
The Limits of the Franco-German Rapprochement

           
3.
    
The Impossible Franco-Italian Rapprochement

           
4.
    
The Ukraine or Holland?

           
5.
    
Romania or Czechoslovakia?

XIII.
    
The Failure of the Grand Alliance (March-August 1939)

           
1.
    
Spain: Moral Failure and Diplmatic Success

BOOK: France and the Nazi Threat: The Collapse of French Diplomacy 1932-1939
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