Laughter in Ancient Rome (76 page)

Crassus, Lucius Licinius: joke on Memmius,
123
,
125
,
248n51
; in
On the Orator,
108
,
109
,
248n37
; use of mimicry,
119
; use of ridicule,
121

Crassus, Marcus Licinius (Dives),
176
; parasite of,
151

Crassus, Marcus Licinius (the agelast),
25
,
42
; single laugh of,
176
,
178
,
265n91

Critchley, Simon,
159
,
220n17
,
259n11
; on function of jokes,
197
;
On Humour,
39

crowfoot,
225n19
; as
gelotophyllis,
25
,
28–29
,
224n8

Csapo, E.,
263n63

culture, Greek: Horace on,
87
; literary,
205
; of Roman empire,
88
; Roman engagement with,
90
,
243n68

culture, Hellenic: and Roman culture,
87
,
88

culture, medieval: laughter in,
61
,
62

culture, Roman: changes in,
87
; commodification of,
208
; diversity in,
86–87
; dreams in,
197–98
; elite,
52
,
129
; flatterers in,
163
; and Hellenic culture,
87
,
88
; illumination by jokes,
196
; impact on Greece,
91–92
; imperial,
205
,
208
; jokers in,
129
; the laughable in,
103
; mimicry in,
163
; monkeys in,
162–63
; ridicule in,
232n6
; smiles in,
74–76
.
See also
laughter culture, Roman

Cytheris (mime actress),
263n54

Damascene, l’Abbé,
222n34

Damon, Cynthia,
154
,
256n77
,
257n82
; on parasites,
149
,
257n80

D’Arms, J. H.,
256n76

Darwin, Charles: on chimpanzee laughter,
46

Dawe, Roger,
195

Delphic oracle, agelast’s consultation of,
174–75
,
265n83

Demeter, laughter at Baubo,
174
,
256n70
,
264n79

Demetrius of Phaleron,
225n23

Demetrius Poliorcetes, love of laughter,
207

Democritus, laughter of,
92–94
,
95
,
111
,
116
,
191
,
244nn79
,
85
,
90

Demosthenes: and Cicero,
102
,
103
; jokes of,
78
; use of laughter,
102
,
103

diaphragm, in production of laughter,
25
,
26
,
27
,
29
,
30
,
34–35

dicacitas
(witticism),
35
,
228n48
; Cicero on,
110
,
111
,
114
; in Roman Senate,
252n11
;
scurra
as antitype of,
249n56
; Vespasian’s,
153

Dio Cassius: cause of laughter for,
6–7
,
39
,
42
; giggling fit of,
1–8
,
43
,
53
,
128
; on Hadrian,
253n23
;
History,
2–3
,
7
,
14
,
86
; name of,
219n4
; political career of,
2
; use of Greek,
85
; vocabulary of,
3
,
220n9

Dio Chrysostom,
86
; on Alexandrian laughter,
51–52

Diodorus Siculus,
258n93
;
Library of History,
151–52
; on monkeys,
261n31

Diogenes Laertius: death from laughter,
14
; on death of Chrysippus,
177
; on Parmeniscus,
265n85

Diomedes (grammarian), on mime,
170

Dionysius II (tyrant of Syracuse), flatterers of,
151

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, on Tarentines,
220n10

the dishonorable, laughter at,
125

dogs: anthropomorphization of,
47
; laughter of,
24
,
47
;
rictus
of,
260n16

Domitian, Emperor: offense at jokes,
132

Domitius Ahenobarbus,
101

Domitius Marsus, on
urbanitas,
124

Donatus, Aelius: commentary on
The Eunuch,
12
,
13
,
221n30
,
222n38
,
223n47

donkeys: ancient varieties of,
266n100
; fatal laughter at,
176–78
,
179
,
180
; transformation into,
178

donkeys, dining,
266nn106
,
112
; laughter at,
177
,
178
,
179–80
,
265n91
; reactions of,
267n113

double entendres: Cicero on,
117
; Quintilian on,
99–100

Douglas, Mary,
42
,
43
,
230n72
; “Do Dogs Laugh?,”
47
; essay on jokes,
273n54
; on Pygmy laughter,
45