Laughter in Ancient Rome (77 page)

dreams: interpretation of,
273n57
; jokes on,
197
; versus reality,
273n56
; in Roman culture,
197–98

Dupont, F.,
250n82

Du Quesnay, I. M. LeM.,
241n52

Eco, Umberto:
The Name of the Rose,
30
,
34
,
220n17
,
225n26

effeminacy, jokes on,
106

Ekman, Paul,
233n18

Elagabalus, Emperor: banquets of,
149
; jocularity of,
144
,
154
; laughter of,
77
,
128
; murder by
scurrae,
154
; pranks of,
128–29
,
132
,
142
,
147
,
148
,
231n4

Elias, N.,
234n29

elites, Roman: household jesters of,
145
,
146
,
256n66
; laughter of,
4
,
115
,
129
,
130
,
154
; participation in Saturnalia,
236n49
; relationship with jesters,
155
; self-fashioning by,
135
,
146

emotion, facial expressions of,
75
,
233n18

emperors, Roman: bad,
132
;
civilitas
of,
130
,
131
; control of laughter,
134–35
; interactions with subjects,
135–36
,
140
; jokes of,
ix
,
140–42
,
252n3
; toleration of joking,
130
,
131
; use of laughter,
129–35

Ennius,
133
; “
hahae
” of,
16
,
223n52
; jokes about,
200
,
270n23
; puns on monkeys,
162

envoys, Roman: Tarentines’ laughter at,
4
,
6
,
220n10

epigrams, scoptic,
271n40
,
273n56

ethnicity: in laughter,
45
,
51–52
,
89
; in modern jokes,
191

eunuchs, in Roman comedy,
9

Eunus, slave revolt of,
152

Evanthius, on mime,
170

evil eye, averting of,
256n71

facetiae
(wit),
228n48
; Cicero on,
111
,
113
,
114
; divisions of,
111
.
See also
jokes, Roman; wit, Roman

facial gestures, universality of,
75

family life, jokes on,
198

Fantham, Elaine,
35
,
167
,
254n28
,
263n59

Favor (mime actor),
146

Fellini, Federico: use of Apuleius,
182

feminism, laughter in writings of,
36–37
,
228n52

Fescennine verses,
68
,
238nn64
,
67

Festus,
On the Meaning of Words,
172–73
,
264n73

Fick-Michel, N.,
266n101

figs, erotic associations of,
177
,
265n95

Flamininus, Lucius Quinctius: joking by,
80–81
;
maiestas
of,
79–81

flatterers.
See
parasites

Floridi, L.,
271n40

Fontaine, Michael,
56
,
195

food, relationship to deception,
148
,
256n75

Fortunate Isles, springs of,
26
,
224n9

Fowler, Don,
258n98

Fraenkel, Eduard,
90
,
222n37
,
243n72
; on
scurrilitas,
153

Frangoulidis, S.,
222n39

Frazer, James:
Golden Bough,
63

Freedberg, David,
233n18

Freud, Sigmund,
131
; on the comic,
41
; on displacement,
222n41
; favorite joke of,
214
,
276n6
; on ideation,
230n66
;
Jokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious,
12
,
38
,
39
,
42
,
229n61
; on mechanism of laughter,
40
; relief theory of,
38
,
41
; Wittgenstein’s critique of,
229n64

Freudenburg, K.,
225n23

funerals, Roman: jesters at,
146

Gabba (court jester),
143
,
255n49

Galen,
86
; on apes and monkeys,
165–66
; dissection of apes,
27
,
224n14
; on laughter,
27
. Works:
On Problematical Movements,
23
;
On the Usefulness of Parts of the Body,
165

Galli (priests),
9

games, Roman: theatrical performances within,
221n23

Gatrell, Vic,
61
,
62
,
229n64

gelan
(laugh),
3
; etymology of,
231n81
; uses of,
239n12

geloion
(joke),
76
,
207
; in Plutarch,
153

Gelon (laughing spring),
25–26