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Authors: Farley Mowat

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CHAPTER 12

River of the Frozen Lake

A
T DAWN THE BOYS SCRAMBLED
out of their deerskin robes. A light breeze rolled in over the plains from the northwest carrying with it a faint barnyard smell. Jamie sniffed the air curiously, wondering where the smell came from. He climbed a hill near camp and looked across the river. There were the great herds at last! They were moving south in a never-ending stream in long, twisting lines, each deer following the one ahead. Thirty or forty of these strings—some of them two miles long—
were in sight at one time. They looked like giant brown snakes crossing a vast meadow.

From the river edge where he was getting water, Awasin called to his friend. “Come here!” he shouted. “I have something to show you!”

Jamie joined him, and Awasin pointed to the shoreline at his feet. Along it was a foot-wide band of whitish material that looked like a felt mat. It stretched out of sight, up and down the river, on both shores.

Jamie picked up a handful of the queer-looking stuff. “Why, this is deer hair!” he exclaimed.

Awasin grinned. “Do you think you could make a mattress of it?” he asked. “The old-time Chipeweyans used to.”

“Where did it all come from?” Jamie wanted to know.

“From the deer. Right now they are shedding their summer coats and the hair is loose. Somewhere upstream from us the herds are crossing the river, and they shed so much loose hair that it makes this mat along the riverbank for miles and miles.”

Jamie tried to imagine the numbers of deer that must be involved, but he found it beyond his power to estimate. That was not surprising. Down the valley of the River of the Frozen Lake more than a quarter of a million caribou were moving in the autumn flood toward the forests.

“Anyway it proves we must be on the right river,” Jamie said at last. “There couldn't be more than one valley carrying so many deer. Shall we walk along the shore and see if we can find any signs of Denikazi?”

Taking only a small pack of meat, the boys set out up
stream. For an hour they walked leisurely while on the opposite side of the river the endless flow of deer continued. Jamie noticed that they were mostly does and fawns and he asked Awasin about this.

“The does and fawns go first,” Awasin explained. “They seem to get restless for the forests early. But the bucks are different. When the mating season comes along in October they won't have time to eat or rest for a whole month. So now they're still up north putting on fat to carry them through the fall. They won't start south for another couple of weeks—”

Jamie interrupted. “Look down there!” he shouted.

In a sheltered hollow by the riverbank below them was the unmistakable debris of a campsite. Wild with excitement, the boys scrambled down to what had been Denikazi's first camp on the river during his journey north. The boys found many signs to indicate that the camp was not very old, but what really filled them with joy was the discovery of a little cache containing some dry fish, some tea, and a little bag of flour. Obviously this food had been intended for the homeward journey, and the fact that it was still untouched seemed to prove that Denikazi was still somewhere to the north.

Actually Denikazi and his men had slipped past this cache the previous night in their panic-striken flight. With their heavy load of meat they had no real need to pick up the cache. At this moment the Idthen Eldeli men were already beginning the long chain of portages back into Idthen-tua Lake.

Much relieved, and quite certain that they would be picked up in a day or so, the boys returned to their camp and spent the rest of the day waiting, resting, and gorging on caribou meat. They relaxed for the first time since the awful moment on the rapids near Stone House. Jamie's leg benefited from the rest, and he found that he could again put his weight on it without pain.

At noon the next day the boys decided to go north and meet their rescuers along the shore.

The weather remained fair and they enjoyed the walk. Many birds were moving south. A flock of Canada geese rose from a tundra pond and beat heavily into the clear sky calling their haunting notes. Flocks of longspurs—little sparrowlike birds—rose in front of the boys like clouds of dust. Curlews and golden plover whistled and called from the riverbanks. Hundreds of family parties of ptarmigan cackled from the willow swales along the route. There was food in plenty, but the boys wasted no ammunition, for they still had enough deermeat to last a few days longer.

By evening, when they had found no further signs of the Indians, they began to feel distinctly uneasy. That night they slept fitfully. In the morning Jamie put their doubts into words.

“Do you think they might have gone home by a different route?” he asked suddenly.

“No,” Awasin replied stoutly. “They must still be down-river from us. We will walk for another day. We should find their camp, or see their canoes before nighttime.”

Impatience and worry made them hurry their pace. By late afternoon they had come in sight of a big lake. Knowing that the Idthen Eldeli hunters would have chosen the west shore where the deer were, the boys crossed the river at this point. The water was swift but not too deep and they managed to wade, and jump, across a shallow stretch. They had hardly climbed the opposite bank when they smelled a pungent odor.

“Something awful dead around here!” Jamie said, wrinkling his nose in disgust.

A short search showed them what it was. Behind a knoll lay a dead caribou that had obviously been shot. The find cheered the boys up amazingly.

Hurrying on, they made their way down the west shore of the lake in the last rays of the setting sun. Suddenly Awasin spotted a flicker of light far ahead. “Campfire!” he yelled.

Immediately, Jamie lifted the rifle and fired half a dozen signal shots. The sounds echoed off the hills on both sides of the river, but the signal went unanswered. Only a growing silence followed the dying away of the fusillade. Worst still, the distant flicker of light winked out and vanished.

The boys looked at each other in stunned silence.

“Maybe we scared them,” Jamie said hopefully. “After all, they don't know we're here. Maybe they think it was Eskimos shooting, and put out their fire on purpose.”

Both boys grasped at this explanation. There was no use trying to go farther that night and, if Jamie's idea was
correct, it might even be dangerous to blunder into the Idthen Eldeli party in darkness. So, not bothering to light a fire, the boys made camp and slept restlessly under their blankets.

When Jamie awoke, Awasin was standing on a rock straining his eyes toward the north for signs of smoke from the Indians' breakfast fires. There was no smoke. As far as the eye could see the long files of caribou moved unperturbedly down the valley. They saw all this with something near panic in their hearts. For they both knew that if there had been hunters to the north, the deer would have been disturbed.

“Come on,” Jamie said, “never mind breakfast. Let's get going quick. If that
was
Denikazi's fire we saw last night, we should reach his camp by noon. And if it wasn't…well…” He did not finish the sentence. Already the terrible thought that they had somehow missed the Indians was becoming a certainty in the boys' hearts.

They pushed forward at top speed. Shortly before noon as they came opposite a cliff on the western hills, a sudden flash of light caught their eyes. There could be no doubt what it was. Up on the cliff a sheet of quartz, or mica, was catching the sun's rays and reflecting them like a bright mirror. With sinking hearts the boys understood that this must have been their “fire” of the evening before.

Fear mounted steadily in their hearts, but they pushed forward grimly. And in the early afternoon they came at last to the deer fence.

The gap was close to the lake shore, and the camp where
the Chipeweyans had made their kill was near at hand. It did not take the boys long to discover it, or to read the ominous message it held for them. The remains of many caribou told the story of a successful hunt—some days before.

With sinking hearts they searched for some sign that the Indians might have gone on farther north. There was no such sign. Instead there was clear evidence that the Idthen Eldeli had stayed at this place only long enough to kill and prepare many deer—enough to fill their canoes to overloading. Remembering the urgent need for meat at the home camps, the boys could hope no longer. They knew now beyond a doubt that the hunters had gone home!

Jamie's voice trembled when he spoke. “How could we have missed them, Awasin?” he cried. “How
could
we have?”

Awasin had no answer. He too was crushed by the knowledge that the rescue which had seemed so certain had now vanished utterly. He knew there was no hope that Denikazi would return even after he heard the boys were missing. If he searched for them at all it would be along the Kazon. They had made a gamble—now they knew that they had lost.

In order to avoid thinking about their desperate plight, Awasin busied himself lighting a fire from the heap of willows left behind by the Chipeweyans. Methodically he placed pieces of meat to cook before the flames. With the fatalism of his ancestors he refused to think about the mistakes which were past.

It was different with Jamie. The future was close to him, and terrifying. He knew that the nearest friends were three hundred miles away by canoe—and they had no canoe. Summer was coming to an end, and long before they could walk even a small part of the way home, winter would fall upon them and they would perish.

Jamie thought about his uncle, about Macnair Lake, and finally his restless thoughts came back to the Great Stone House—the cause of all the trouble. “It was my fault,” he thought. “I got Awasin into this.”

From his pocket he drew out the thin sheet of lead he had taken from the old Norse tomb. He was about to throw it away when something made him pause. His mood of depression seemed to lighten. Courage began to flow back into his heart, for he was thinking: “Those old Vikings—they sailed thousands of miles across the oceans in boats we wouldn't dare to use even on Reindeer Lake! And they explored right into the Barrenlands a thousand or more years ago. Something hardly any white man has done since. They weren't afraid of anything at all!”

Slowly he put the lead plate back in his pocket and stood up. He began to speak, and though his voice trembled a little he was in control of himself. Jamie Macnair was almost a man.

“We'd better face it, Awasin,” he said. “There isn't a chance for us to get out of here alive before the winter comes. But if the Eskimos can live here all winter long, then so can we!”

Awasin smiled. Getting to his feet he shook himself, as
if to clear away the grim forebodings that had lain over him. “That's Cree talk, Jamie,” he said. “Good talk! You are right. If we can get food and clothes and shelter we will be all right. We
can
get all those things if we really try. Then, in the winter, we can make a sled, load it with meat for the journey, and head for home, cross-country.”

Awasin's dark eyes glittered at the prospect of the arrival back at the Cree camps. He could see it in his mind. They would not be boys any longer, but hardened adventurers with such a tale to tell that even the old men of the tribe would listen with awe.

Jamie caught the enthusiasm in Awasin's voice and he began to feel the challenge of the adventure. “We'll trap white foxes,” he said excitedly. “When we get back we'll be rich as well as famous.”

Ignoring the difficulties they would have to face, they squatted by the fire and talked. Plans were made, discarded, and made again. They talked until they were exhausted. Then the excitement drained away and the immense and lonely arctic plains closed in upon them once more. All the cheerful talk seemed now to be only dream-stuff.

The fire flared up brightly, and in the sudden spurt of light Awasin and Jamie looked at each other with intent eyes.

Suddenly Jamie jumped to his feet. “All right!” he said loudly. “We've made our brag. Now let's live up to it!”

 

CHAPTER 13

Plans and Preparations

B
Y MORNING THE FIRST SHOCK OF
their predicament had worn away and the boys were ready to meet reality. No amount of brave talk could hide the fact that they were faced with many months of living in one of the most inhospitable places in the world—and with nothing to help them except their wits and a pitifully small array of tools and weapons.

In order to survive at all they would have to stay in one place and devote all their energy to building up supplies of food, fuel, and caribou hides for clothing and for shelter. On foot, and ill-equipped, any attempt to break out to the south was doomed, for winter was almost due. When
the snows came the Barrens would be indeed barren of food and shelter both.

Luckily the day broke clear and warm. The great plains looked almost friendly, and under the influence of the driving herds of deer, and the noisy movement of the birds, the boys managed to keep their spirits up and to begin their preparations.

The first task was to take stock of what they owned. There was the rifle, and ninety shells for it. There was a short hatchet, a long hunting knife, two smaller pocketknives, a strong fishline with a single hook, a length of gill net, a file, the paddle Jamie had used for a crutch, fifty feet of half-inch rope, a tin tea-billy, an old frying pan, the fire drill Awasin had made, the lead sheet from the Norse grave, and about ten pounds of dried fish and fresh deermeat. In addition there were their worn blankets, and the clothes the boys were wearing. Their rubbers and moccasins were almost ruined by the long trek overland, and their trousers and jackets were thin and torn in many places.

All in all, it was not a very impressive outfit, but Awasin was cheerful. “It may not be all we want,” he said, “but with this to start with, we can
get
everything we need from the country. We can kill deer—and deer can give us a lot more things than food and clothing.”

Jamie glanced over his shoulder toward the gap in the deer fence, through which a steady stream of does and fawns was moving. “Hadn't we better start shooting
then?” he asked anxiously. “Maybe the deer will be gone soon.”

Jamie's anxiety was natural. It seemed impossible that such numbers of caribou could continue moving out of the north for much longer. And it was clear that the caribou were the key to life itself, as far as the boys were concerned.

Awasin shook his head. Then he explained why there was no great hurry to slaughter deer. In the first place it would be much harder to preserve the meat now than it would be if they waited until cold weather came and the meat could be frozen. Even more important was the fact that the great bucks—which were still to come—were far more valuable than does. The hide of the bucks was tougher and better for many things, and the bucks were fatter. This was vitally important, for a great deal of fat must be eaten by anyone who tries to survive a northern winter on a strictly meat diet. Fat could also be burned in crude lamps, and in a land where the winter night is long some kind of light is essential.

Awasin's idea was that they should shoot only a few deer at the moment, and save the precious ammunition till the migration of the bucks was at its height. Somewhat uneasily Jamie agreed to wait; then another question occurred to him.

“What'll we do about wood to burn?” he asked.

This time Awasin was at a loss. It was clear that once the snows came, it would be nearly impossible to gather enough dwarf willow scrub for cooking, let alone for heat
ing. And there appeared to be no other kind of wood about.

At last Awasin said, “Let us not fret about wood until we can think of an answer. Let's take one problem at a time.”

“Well, then,” Jamie said, “I guess we need some kind of shelter first; then enough food to last until the bucks arrive, and maybe enough skins for some kind of clothing. It won't be too long before the frosts hit us.”

Awasin stood up and took hold of the rifle. “The deer will give us all three things,” he answered. “Let's go hunting.”

The boys walked along the line of stone pillars until they reached the gap. The deer saw them approach and veered off uneasily to mill about some distance from the fence. They were not seriously frightened, though, and they were very anxious to pass the fence and continue on their journey south.

The boys slid into a hiding place made of stones piled in a circle near the mouth of the gap, and crouched out of sight. There was no wind to carry their scent to the deer, and in a few moments the herds began to press forward again. The leaders came cautiously, stepping high and holding their nostrils up as they took great snorting breaths to test the air for danger.

“We won't shoot for a while,” Awasin whispered as the deer came close. “Let them forget about us, then we can pick the herd we want.”

An old doe followed by two fawns braved the gap and
galloped off toward the south. Behind her, small herds began to follow. In a few minutes the flow was steady again.

Jamie began counting the numbers that passed, but when he reached a thousand, he gave up. “I never thought there were that many deer in the whole world!” he whispered. Awasin did not reply. Instead he squeezed Jamie's arm and nodded toward a compact herd of about sixty animals slowly approaching. These were mostly young does, and they looked fat and sleek. A few fawns grunted about behind their mothers, or made short dashes ahead of the herd.

“That is the herd!” Awasin muttered. “I'll do the shooting, and you be ready to kill the cripples when I stop!”

Tense with excitement, Jamie at the same time felt a sensation of revolt against killing the approaching deer. They were so tame, so magnificent, and so very much alive that he hated the prospect of the slaughter. “Do we have to kill the does?” he whispered urgently. “What'll happen to their fawns?”

“Forget about it,” Awasin replied shortly. “I hate it as much as you do. But the fawns will be all right. They're old enough to be on their own by now.”

There was no further time for argument. The herd was bunching into the gap. Awasin knelt forward, rested the rifle on a lip of rock and opened fire. Shooting quickly but skillfully, he dropped the two leading beasts; then, half turning, he shot three more animals in the rear of the herd. The deer in the center reared and snorted in sudden
fright but did not break away, for they were blocked by the dead bodies ahead and behind. Some stood stupidly in one spot, gazing about with their large eyes for some indication of the danger. They did not understand what was happening until the smell of fresh blood struck their nostrils. Then they stampeded—but it was too late. Methodically, quickly, the rifle cracked. When the herd broke free of the deathtrap, nine of their number lay upon the rocky ground, and three fawns ran foolishly about beside the bodies.

Awasin put down his rifle and turned away. Jamie knew how Awasin felt. For this was slaughter. It was like shooting cows in a barnyard, Jamie thought. He was very glad Awasin had not asked him to do the killing.

Taking a deep breath, Jamie drew the long knife and walked over to the bodies of the deer. Only because it was absolutely necessary could he nerve himself for the task in hand. Fortunately all the deer were dead, and he had no need to finish them off. But he had to draw and skin them. Clumsily he set to work, and as he was struggling with the messy job one fawn came up close, grunting anxiously. Jamie tried to frighten it away. It would not go, but stood with its forelegs apart, sniffing at Jamie's clothes. He tried to ignore it and went on with his task.

Awasin joined him, and without a word began to help. Deftly and almost mechanically the Indian boy skinned off the hides and then cut up the meat. The hindquarters and forequarters he placed in one pile. In another went the tenderloins, the strips of tender back meat with their pre
cious bands of sinew still attached, and the tongues. Hearts, kidneys, and livers went in still another pile with the briskets.

Not a thing was wasted. Having been forced to kill these does, Awasin was making certain that every ounce of meat would be used. Within two hours the work was done.

Only then did he speak. “All right,” he said. “Now let's get this back to camp.”

Jamie wiped his knife on the moss. “What about the carcasses and the scraps?” he said. “If we leave them here, they'll scare off all the other deer.”

“Don't worry about that,” Awasin replied. “Look overhead!”

Jamie had not noticed the arrival of hundreds of herring gulls. The big white birds swooped low above the gap, circling hungrily and filling the air with their raucous cries. “You mean
they'll
clean up for us?” Jamie asked in surprise.

“Wait and see,” Awasin replied briefly.

He spread the fresh hides, weighed down with rocks, over the meat piles after he and Jamie had loaded all they could carry on their backs. At a jog trot they headed back to the camp, dumped their loads and returned. They had been gone no more than ten minutes, but when they reached the killing place Jamie saw with astonishment and disgust that each deer carcass had disappeared under a heaving, fighting, flapping blanket of gulls. Despite himself he shuddered. Quickly he shouldered another load.

As he set off now, the fawn came running up. Ungainly
and awkward, it scampered along behind him and made Jamie feel even more guilty about the slaughter of the does. Awasin was unloading at the camp when the fawn suddenly ran to him and nuzzled its nose against his legs. The Indian boy had not seen it, and with a startled shout he jumped halfway across the camp.

Jamie chuckled. “Looks like you've found a friend,” he said.

Awasin grinned sheepishly. “I suppose since I killed its mother I have to be its foster father now,” he replied.

“It'll probably wander away and join some other herd,” said Jamie. “And if it doesn't maybe we can train it to draw a sled the way the Laplanders do with reindeer.”

The fawn refused to wander. When the boys finished carrying all the meat and hides to the camp, it was still with them.

Now began the work of preparing the meat. Squatting side by side, the boys began slicing it into thin, waferlike pieces. It was tricky work, but Awasin was an expert. He went at the job as if he were peeling an apple, and gradually peeled the bigger pieces down to the bone at the core. When a large pile was sliced, Jamie picked it up and carefully hung the pieces above the ground on the branches of the scrubby willows. Under the bright sun, the meat began to dry at once.

Next Awasin turned to the hides. Choosing a sandy, level area, he stretched the skins, then pegged them down around the edges with the flesh side uppermost. Then he carefully scraped away the last fragments of tissue with
the rounded end of his knife blade. The skin was of a bluish color, and Awasin remarked that it was not yet “prime” and not much good for clothing. “But it'll do for a tent,” he said.

The next job was to strip away the three-inch-wide band of sinews that ran down the full length of each strip of back meat. These sheets of sinew, each three feet long, were hung to dry on the paddle, which had been stuck on end in the sand. At the lower end of each sheet Awasin tied a stone so that the sinew would dry straight. “Woman's work this,” he complained to Jamie. “But we're going to need sinew thread before too long.”

By dusk the jobs were finished. The boys were tired, but strangely content. After a good dinner they lay down in a makeshift tent they had erected, using stones, twigs, and “green” hides.

Their first day as dwellers in the plains had ended, and they had much to show for it. Nine skins; enough meat to make a hundred pounds of “jerky,” or dry meat; supplies of sinew thread and plenty of fresh meat for daily use. Also, they had acquired a friend.

The fawn pushed its way under the edge of the tent to lie down awkwardly beside Awasin. Jamie pulled a handful of sedge and gave it to the little deer, who munched away contentedly.

Jamie stretched out on his blanket and sighed. “Not so bad,” he said a trifle smugly.

“Don't be too proud. We still have much to do,” Awasin answered cautiously.

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