The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Politics (264 page)

The Statute of Westminster was approved by the British Parliament in 1931. It gave legal form to a policy declaration made at the Imperial Conference of 1926. This had affirmed the equal status of the mother country and the other recognized Commonwealth nations (or Dominions), namely Australia, Canada, the Irish Free State, New Zealand, and South Africa. Thenceforth the Dominions were in the last resort to be masters of their own destiny in both domestic matters and international affairs.
DC 

 
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The principal basis of delegated (or secondary) legislation in the United Kingdom. Their scope and the nature of Parliamentary control (if any) of the legislation made under them is defined by their parent parliamentary Acts (primary legislation). The most significant statutory instruments are subject either to the negative procedure—they come into force unless either House passes a motion to annul—or the affirmative procedure—they do not come into force unless either House passes a motion to approve. A Scrutiny Committee of both Houses decides upon those statutory instruments which simply may be accepted and not subjected to parliamentary debate.
JBr 

 
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(1806–56)
German philosopher (real name: Johann Kaspar Schmidt ) whose best-known work
The Ego and His Own
(1845) had a lasting influence on nineteenth-century
anarchism
, since it elevated the individual (or ego) and his will to a position of supreme importance, with the authority of all social and political institutions being rejected as obstacles to freedom. Stirner was much influenced by the Left or
Young Hegelians
who sought to apply the philosophical principles of
Hegel
in programmes of political radicalism. A celebrated critique of Stirner was offered in
The German Ideology
(1846) by
Marx
and
Engels
, who regarded Stirner's extreme
individualism
as a contradiction of their own socialist and communist ideas. There was a revival of interest in Stirner's work in the European anarchist movement of the 1890s, and at the same time the nihilistic undertones of Stirner's egocentrism found further expression in the philosophy of
Nietzsche
.
KT 

 
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With an initial capital, the word refers to the philosophy of Zeno (
c.
300 BC) and his followers. Stoics believed that the world was determined by necessity; that there is no point in humans' fighting necessity; and that humans should therefore confront it calmly. This last gives the link with the ordinary meaning of the word.

 
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Characterization of macroeconomic policy, associated primarily with Keynesian methods of demand management during the postwar ‘collectivist’ period in Britain. Stop-go refers to a specific cycle of expansion and deflation. The stimulation of aggregate demand leads to increased volumes of imports, and a consequent balance of payments deficit. Governments usually responded by depressing demand (rather than devaluing the exchange rate).
SW 

 
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See
ticket splitting
.

 
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