Authors: Stephen Harding
The Last Battle
THE LAST
BATTLE
THE LAST
BATTLE
W
HEN
U.S.
AND
G
ERMAN
S
OLDIERS
J
OINED
F
ORCES IN THE
W
ANING
H
OURS
OF
W
ORLD
W
AR
II
IN
E
UROPE
STEPHEN HARDING
DA CAPO PRESS
A Member of the Perseus Books Group
Copyright © 2013 by Stephen Harding
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. For information, address Da Capo Press, 44 Farnsworth Street, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02210.
Designed by Pauline Brown
Maps by Steve Walkowiak
Typeset in Palatino LT Std by the Perseus Books Group
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Harding, Stephen, 1952–
The last battle: when U.S. and German soldiers joined forces in the waning hours of World War II in Europe / Stephen Harding.
pages cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-30682-209-4 (e-book) 1. World War, 1939–1945—Campaigns—Austria—Tyrol. 2. World War, 1939–1945—Prisoners and prisons, German. 3. Prisoners of war—Austria—Itter—History—20th century. 4. Prisoners of war—France—History—20th century. 5. Daladier, Edouard, 1884–1970—Captivity, 1940–1945. 6. Reynaud, Paul, 1878–1966—Captivity, 1940–1945. I. Title.
D765.45.T9H37 2013
940.54'213642—dc23
2012044706
First Da Capo Press edition 2013
Published by Da Capo Press
A Member of the Perseus Books Group
Da Capo Press books are available at special discounts for bulk purchases in the U.S. by corporations, institutions, and other organizations. For more information, please contact the Special Markets Department at the Perseus Books Group, 2300 Chestnut Street, Suite 200, Philadelphia, PA 19103, or call (800) 810-4145, ext. 5000, or e-mail
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10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
As always, for Mari, with love
CONTENTS
PRELUDE
CHAPTER 1
A MOUNTAIN STRONGHOLD
CHAPTER 2
FIRST ARRIVALS
CHAPTER 3
LOVERS, FRIENDS, AND RIVALS
CHAPTER 4
A GROWING PERIL
CHAPTER 5
AN UNCERTAIN FUTURE
CHAPTER 6
TANKERS ON THE MARCH
CHAPTER 7
A CASTLE BESIEGED
CHAPTER 8
AFTERMATH
O
N THE MORNING OF
M
AY
4, 1945, Captain John C. “Jack” Lee Jr. sat cross-legged atop the turret of his M4 Sherman tank, comparing the narrow streets before him with the terrain features marked on the map that lay partially open across his lap. Lee, a stocky twenty-seven-year-old from Norwich, New York, had spent the last five months leading Company B of the 23rd Tank Battalion—and, at times, much of the entire U.S. 12th Armored Division—on a headlong advance across France, into Germany, and now, in what would turn out to be the last days of World War II in Europe, into the Austrian Tyrol.
Lee’s tank was parked at the intersection of two streets in the town of Kufstein, Austria, three miles southwest of the German border on the south bank of the swift-flowing Inn River. All three of the 23rd’s tank companies had crossed the frontier the day before, leading the 12th Armored Division’s Combat Command R on its drive southward from the suburbs of Munich. Lee’s company had spearheaded the drive into Kufstein and had fought its way through a well-defended German roadblock before quickly clearing the town of its few defenders. Now, with the situation stabilized and lead elements of the 36th Infantry Division moving in to assume responsibility for the area, Lee and his men could catch a few minutes’ rest.
J
UST A FEW MILES TO THE SOUTHWEST
another tired officer was also scanning a map, trying to determine what the coming hours would hold for him and his men. Josef “Sepp” Gangl, a decorated Bavarian-born major in the
German Wehrmacht, knew that the American juggernaut was rolling his way and that its arrival would likely be heralded by thunderous artillery barrages, the roar of tank fire, and the rattle of automatic weapons.
Gangl was not unduly troubled by the possibility of his own death; he’d come to grips with his own mortality fighting the Russians on the Eastern Front and the Allies in Normandy. He was concerned about the men he led, however, for not all were soldiers, and many weren’t even German. A few days earlier, knowing the war was lost and loath to spend any more lives defending a system he’d long before stopped believing in, Gangl had declared his own personal armistice and joined forces with the Austrian anti-Nazi resistance. His only goal now was to keep the advancing Americans—and, for that matter, any German units still loyal to the führer and the Reich—from butchering the men who’d chosen to follow him.
A
TOP A ROCKY PROMONTORY
overlooking the flatlands over which the Americans would soon advance, a gaggle of argumentative Frenchmen were also pondering what fate had in store for them. Peering over the battlements of a castle that had stood atop its mountain for centuries, and that had been their prison until that very morning, the men knew their newfound freedom was no protection against the wrath of die-hard SS units still roaming the thick forest around them. They needed deliverance, and they needed it soon. If help did not come before the sun set, they would almost certainly die within the walls of their Tyrolean fortress.