Voltaire in Love (36 page)

MacCarthy, Abbé,
47

Macchiavelli, Niccolò di Bernardo dei (1469–1527),
110
,
116
,
117
,
118

Maffei, Scipione (1675–1755),
138

Maillebois, Jean-Baptiste-François des Marets, Marquis de, Marshal of France (1682–1762),
173
,
174

Mailly, Louise-Julie, Comtesse de (1710–51),
110
,
134–5
,
137

Maine, Anne-Louise, Bénédicte de Bourbon-Condé, Duchesse de (1676–1753),
47
,
171–2
,
173–5

Mairan, Jean-Jacques Dortous de (1678–1771),
114

Maisons, Marquis de,
26

Makarty (Irishman),
63

Marais, Mathieu (1665–1737),
41

Maria-Theresa, Archduchess of Austria and Empress (1717–80),
90
,
123–4
,
131
,
134
,
140

Marie-Catherine-Sophie-Félicité Leczinska, Queen of France: welcomes Voltaire to Court and gives him pension,
18
,
25
,
47
; Émilie offends,
163
; Voltaire underestimates influence,
172
; Voltaire offends,
177–8
; Stanislas visits,
191
,
192
,
197
; wants him to marry de la Roche-sur-Yonne,
199
; loathing of Voltaire,
203

Marivaux, Pierre Carlet de Chamblain de (1688–1763),
67
,
93
,
214

Marlborough, Sarah Churchill, Duchess of (1660–1744),
23

Marmontel, Jean-François (1723–99),
201

Marot, (Jean-Baptiste-) François
(c.
1667–1719),
60

Martin, Jean-Baptiste (1657–1735),
94

Maupertuis, Pierre-Louis Moreau de (1698–1759): affair with Émilie,
32–3
,
44–5
,
46
,
54
,
57
; and Newton,
41
; taken up by Paris society,
49–50
; trip to Lapland to prove shape of the earth,
61–2
; cooling in relationship with Émilie,
90
; Grafigny on,
102
; Émilie resumes relationship with,
112
; to Prussia to help found Berlin Academy,
118
; accompanies Frederick on European tour,
120
; Voltaire dines with in Berlin,
125–6
; at Mollwitz,
131
; Voltaire writes to from Berlin,
147

Maurepas, Jean-Frédéric Phéli-peaux, Comte de (1701–81),
21
,
51
,
137
,
214

Mauriac, François,
xi

meals,
58

Menou, Père,
180–1
,
185–6
,
206

Mézières, M. de,
5

Michel (financier),
132

Mignot, Catherine Arouet, Mme,
16
,
26
,
76

Mignot, Marie-Louise
see
Denis, Mme

Milton, John (1608–74),
24

Mimeure, Mme de,
48

Mirabaud, Jean-Baptiste de (1675–1760),
214

Mirepoix, Jean-François Boyer, Bishop of (1675–1755):satirised by Voltaire,
68
; blocks Voltaire's election to Académie Française,
137
,
139
; complains to King about Voltaire,
140–1
; Frederick makes trouble between him and Voltaire,
145–6
; and Pompadour,
159
; Voltaire writes to the Pope to irritate,
163
; congratulates King on Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle,
214

Mirepoix, Marquise de,
182

Molière, Jean-Baptiste Poquelin (1622–73), called,
15
,
29
,
111

Mollwitz, Battle of (1741),
130–1

money: introduction of paper,
16
; monetary equivalents,
4

Montauban, Marquise de,
163

Montenero, Duke of,
159

Morley of Blackburn, John Morley, Viscount (1838–1923),
50

Mouhy, Charles de Fieux, Chevalier de,
81

Moussinot, Abbé,
59–60
,
73
,
84
,
86

Nancy,
181
,
217

Neuville, Comtesse de la,
45
,
46
,
52

Newton, Sir Isaac (1642–1727): Voltaire compares Émilie to,
1
; Voltaire studies,
31
; Maupertuis studies,
33
,
49
; Mme de Richelieu studies,
39
; French preference for Descartes,
41
; and the apple,
52
; Algarotti's book,
60
,
96
; and shape of the earth,
61
; Voltaire's book about,
67
,
79–80
; Émilie studies,
154
,
177
; Émilie continues to work on her translation,
207
,
210
,
212
; Émilie's translation published,
224

Nivernais, Duc de,
4

Noailles, Adrien-Maurice, Duc de, Marshal of France (1678–1766),
161

Observations sur les écrits modernes
(literary review),
48
,
80–1
,
85
,
86
,
92

Olivet, Pierre-Joseph Thoulier, Abbé d' (1682–1768),
214

Orléans, Louis, Duc d' (1705–52),
156

Orléans, Philippe, Duc d' (1674–1723),
13
,
14
,
16
,
18
,
37

Ossolinski, Duchess,
181

Ossolinski, Duke,
181

Oxford, Edward Harley, 2nd Earl of (1689–1741),
23

‘Pan-pan'/‘Panpichon'
see
Devaux, François-Antoine

Paris: Bastille,
14–15
,
21
; Café Procope,
35
,
200
; Chaussée d'Antin,
156
; Hôtel/Palais Lambert,
108
,
131–2
; Notre Dame,
30
; Place Louis XV/de la Concorde,
181
; Porte Saint-Denis,
30
; Saint-Gervais,
30
; Saint-Sulpice,
30
; society,
3–4

Paris brothers,
59

Paris-Montmartel,
157

Pascal, Blaise (1623–62),
29
,
38
,
40

Paulmy, A. de,
214

pavements,
156

Perrault, Claude (1613–88),
30

Peterborough, Charles Mordaunt, 3rd Earl of (1658–1735),
23

Philippsburg, Siege of (1733–34),
38
,
42–3

Pine, John (1690–1756),
110

Piron, Alexis (1689–1773),
48–9
,
122
,
135

Pitanal, François Gayot de (1673–1743),
86

Plombières,
197–9

Podewils, Henri, Comte de (1695–1760),
143

Poisson, François,
3

Polignac, Cardinal Melchior de (1661–1742),
143

Pompadour, Jeanne-Antoinette Poisson, Marquise de (1721–64): father,
3
; helps Voltaire when in trouble with authorities,
13
; background,
159
; becomes King's mistress,
159
; Voltaire stays with,
162
; helps smooth relations between Voltaire and the King,
165
; Voltaire's relationship with,
172
; disliked by Mesdames de France,
199
; prevents Comédie Italienne from putting on
Sémiramis
spoof,
203
; presents Voltaire's
Panégyrique
to King,
215

Pons, Prince de,
38
,
42

Pope, Alexander (1688–1744),
23
,
24
,
205

Poussin, Nicolas (1594–1665),
29

Prault (publisher),
112–13

Prévost d'Exiles, L'Abbé Antoine-François (1697–1763),
49

Prie, Jeanne-Agnès Berthelot de Pléneuf, Marquise de (1698–1727),
18
,
21
,
25–6

Procope-Couteau, Michel-Procope Coltelli, called (1684–1753),
86

Racine, Jean-Baptiste (1639–99),
29
,
30

Rameau, Jean-Philippe (1683–1764),
152
,
154
,
155
,
164

Rheims,
136

Richelieu, Château de,
17

Richelieu, Louis-François-Armand-Jean de Vignerot du Plessis, Duc de (1696–1788): affair with Émilie,
1
,
7
; informed of Voltaire and Émilie's affair,
2
; Voltaire's relationship with,
10
,
37
; helps Voltaire when in trouble with authorities,
13
; in the Bastille,
14
; to Vienna as Ambassador,
21
;
helps Voltaire regain favour after his exile in England,
25
; marriage,
36–8
; origins,
36
; character,
37
; returns to army,
38
; Émilie writes to about
Lettres philosophiques,
39
; wounded in duel,
42
; Émilie writes to about living in country with Voltaire,
44
; Émilie spends time with,
46
; offers to smooth over Émilie's affair with her husband,
51
; calms down Émilie's husband when affair with Voltaire becomes public knowledge,
53
; reaction to Voltaire's row with Jore,
56
; money owed to Voltaire,
59
; irritation with Voltaire's propensity for quarrelling,
85
; governor of Languedoc,
87
; and Voltaire's row with Desfontaines,
87
; Émilie stays with in Paris,
110
; reaction to wife's death,
122–3
; rebuffs Émilie,
127–8
; and Châteauroux,
137
; helps Voltaire plot departure to Berlin,
140
; organises fête for Dauphin's wedding,
152
,
154
,
155
,
158
; as model for Voltaire character,
153
; Voltaire lodges with at Versailles,
159
; at Fontenoy,
161
; intercedes between Émilie and the Queen,
163
; and
Le Temple de la Gloire,
164
; helps smooth relations between Voltaire and the King,
165
; mentioned in Voltaire's inaugural Académie Française speech,
165
; Voltaire and Émilie stay in his hotel at Fontainebleau,
170
; to Genoa,
174
; row with Voltaire over his speech to congratulate King on Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle,
213–15

Richelieu, Marie-Elisabeth-Sophie de Guise, Princesse de Lorraine, Duchesse de (d. 1740): background and marriage,
36–8
; relationship with Émilie,
39–40
; Émilie spends time with,
46
; helps Voltaire get clearance to return to Paris,
49
; supports Voltaire in yet another fight against the authorities,
72
; employs Linant's sister,
75
; and Grafigny,
90
; Émilie stays with in Paris,
110
; death,
106
,
122–3

Roche-sur-Yonne, Mlle de la (1695–1750),
198
,
199

Rohan-Chabot, Gui Auguste, Chevalier de (b. 1684),
15
,
19–21
,
26

Rousseau, Jean-Baptiste (1671–1741): friendship with Breteuil family,
6
; exile,
12
; bad relationship with Voltaire,
30
,
48
,
54
; Voltaire meets in Brussels,
71
; slanders Voltaire,
73
; returns from exile,
85
; Voltaire on,
92
,
99
; Voltaire rejoices not to encounter in Paris,
111

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques (1712–78),
183
,
224

Roy, Pierre-Charles (1683–1764),
166–7

Saint-Aignan, Paul-Hippolyte de Beauvillier, Duc de (1684–1776),
214

Saint-Ange, Louis-Urbain Le Fèvre de Caumartin, Marquis de (1653–1720),
11

Saint-Aulaire, François-Joseph de
Beaupoil, Marquis de (1643–1742),
19

Saint-Lambert, Jean-François, Marquis de (1716–1803): Grafigny mentions,
94
,
98
; Boufflers' affair with,
182–5
; background and character,
182–3
; affair with Émilie,
189–95
,
198–9
,
202
; verses and play by,
205–6
; Émilie is pregnant by,
208–10
; Émilie separates himself from in order to work,
210–11
; attentiveness to Émilie during end of her pregnancy,
216
; and Émilie's death,
220–1
; later life,
224

Saint-Pierre, Duchesse de,
29
,
30–1
,
32

Saint-Simon, Louis de Rouvroy, Duc de (1675–1755),
6

Sainte-Beuve, Charles Augustin (1804–69),
56–7

Saxe, (Hermann-) Maurice, Comte et Maréchal de (1696–1750),
161

Sayd Bacha, Ottoman Ambassador,
133

Sceaux, Château de,
171–2
,
175

Servandoni, Jean-Jérôme (1695–1766),
30

Sévigné, Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, Marquise de (1626–96),
29
,
37

Shakespeare, William (1564–1616),
41
,
53

Silesia, Prussian invasion of (1740),
125
,
126
,
130

smallpox,
160

sodomy, punishment for,
18–19

Soubise, Armand de Rohan, Cardinal de (1717–56),
214

Staal de Launay, Marguerite-Jeanne Cordier, Baronne de (1684–1750),
173–5

Stainville, Louise-Charlotte-Élisabeth de Bassompierre de Choiseul, Marquise de,
91

Stanislas Leczinski, Duke of Lorraine, ex-King of Poland (1677–1766): given Lorraine,
90
; and Devaux,
91
; invites Voltaire and Émilie to Lorraine,
180–8
; background,
181
; life at his Court,
181–8
; visits his daughter the Queen,
192
,
197
; and Saint-Lambert's affair with Émilie,
194
; organises trip to Plombières for Boufflers,
197
,
199
; arranges for her to be made lady-in-waiting to Mesdames de France,
199
; Émilie begs him to allow Saint-Lambert to come to Commercy,
202
; gives du Châtelet Court position,
203
;
La Philosophe chrétien,
203
; Voltaire on,
205
; fun at Court,
205
; admiration for Voltaire,
206
; agrees to let Émilie have her baby at Lunéville,
211–12
; taste for building,
217
; Voltaire complains to about Household Controller,
218
; gives Émilie state funeral,
222

Strachey, Lytton,
52

Sully, Duc de (b. 1760),
13
,
16
,
20
,
21
,
24

Sweden, Louisa Ulrica, Crown Princess of,
165

Swift, Jonathan (1667–1745),
23