Your Brain and Business: The Neuroscience of Great Leaders (43 page)

plasticity of brain
,
192

plateau phase (summit syndrome)
,
107

Plato
,
4

positive psychology

compassion,
51–52

explained,
25–26

importance of,
26–27

mindfulness,
48–51

negative emotions, impact on brain

conscious fear
,
28–29

displacing fear as primary emotion being processed
,
32–33

effect on decision making
,
31–32

explained
,
27–28

fear response in people with cortical blindness
,
31

recognizing effects of fear and anxiety
,
33–35

unconscious fear
,
30–31

negative thinking, impact on brain,
35–40

decreasing “brain pain” by focusing attention elsewhere
,
36–37

focusing on support rather than social pain
,
37–38

negative mood states and increase in pain
,
39

worry, impact on decision making
,
39–40

optimism

benefits of
,
40–41

correlation with placebo response
,
41–42

impact on amygdala and ACC
,
42–46

positive emotions, impact on decision making,
46–48

strengths-based approach of,
25

summary of concepts and relevance to coaches,
53–54

posterior parietal cortex.
See
PPC

posterior insula
,
142

posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS)
,
62
,
79

potential losses, assessing
,
197

power naps
,
168

PPC (posterior parietal cortex)
,
66
,
160

advice-giving,
113

expert performance,
112

motivated reasoning,
134

precuneus

advice-giving,
113

deliberative reasoning,
99

preemptive perception
,
98

prefrontal cortex

DLPFC (dorsolateral PFC),
13
,
165–167

change and
,
124

emotions affecting
,
149–150

expert performance
,
112

explained
,
186

managing emotions
,
234

mirror neurons
,
79

noise reduction
,
147

in perspective-taking
,
66

short-term memory
,
129
,
148–149

targeted interventions
,
193–195

and fear response,
31–32

mPFC (medial prefrontal cortex),
13

in perspective-taking,
66

vmPFC (ventromedial PFC),
108

change and
,
124

explained
,
186

managing breach of trust
,
244

managing emotions
,
234–235

motivated reasoning
,
134

targeted interventions
,
195–197

in trustworthiness
,
74–75

social isolation,
77

premotor cortex
,
142

primary motor cortex
,
142

prior techniques, reviewing
,
208

probability weighting
,
113

productivity, social isolation and
,
77–78

pSTS (posterior superior temporal sulcus)
,
62
,
79

psychological traps
,
18–19

R

rational thinking
,
134–136

reasoning, hot versus cold
,
11–12

reassessing
,
202–203

recession, fear of
,
28

reciprocal altruism
,
69–71

recognizing effects of fear and anxiety
,
33–35

reducing

conflicting priorities,
200–201

noise,
194

reengaging
,
202

refocusing
,
201–202

reframing
,
203–204

regional brain interventions

amygdala,
204–207

anterior cingulate cortex (ACC),
198–204

reassessing
,
202–203

reengaging
,
202

refocusing
,
201–202

reframing
,
203–204

resolving conflict
,
200–201

dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC),
193–195

hippocampus,
207–208

insula,
211–214

motor cortex,
210–211

ventral striatum,
209–210

ventromedial PFC (vmPFC),
195–197

repackaging
,
5

resilience
,
109–111

resolving conflict
,
200–201

resting state networks (RSNs)
,
49

reward center of brain

explained,
188

managing breach of trust,
243–244

managing emotions,
237

targeted interventions,
209–210

reward-dependent people
,
108

right posterior cingulate gyrus
,
95

right primary sensorimotor cortex
,
111

right superior temporal cortex
,
100

risk taking
,
197

RSNs (resting state networks)
,
49

S

secure attachment
,
80

self-criticism
,
51

self-limiting beliefs
,
34
,
134–136

self-perception
,
105–106

self-reassurance
,
51

self-transcending
,
49–50

semantic coherence systems
,
100

semantic distance
,
94

septal area, trust activation of
,
73

short-term memory center

explained,
129
,
147
,
186

managing emotions,
234

short-term memory training,
194

stimulating,
148–149

targeted interventions,
193–195

SMA (supplementary motor area)
,
142
,
173

Smith, Douglas
,
61

social intelligence

attachment,
80–82

community and citizenship,
77–78

definitions of,
59

effect on teamwork,
60–61

empathy,
61–65

fairness,
67–71

neuroscience of,
82–84

perspective-taking,
65–67

persuasion,
79–80

trust,
71–76

vicarious reward,
76–77

social isolation
,
77–78

social rewards
,
209

social support
,
110

status quo trap
,
18

Stibel, Jeff
,
192

strengths-based approach
,
25

stress
,
109

success, fear of
,
28

summit syndrome
,
107–109

superior parietal lobe

expert performance,
112

imagery versus observation,
142

supplementary motor area (SMA)
,
142
,
173

support, focusing on
,
37–38

switch-cost
,
161–165

synapses
,
130

T

targeted interventions, providing system for
,
8

task switching
,
160–165

teamwork
,
60–61

temporal gyrus
,
112

temporal pole
,
62
,
79

temporoparietal junction (TPJ)
,
62

terminal descending phase (summit syndrome)
,
107

thalamus
,
113

theta activity
,
49

Thorndike, Edward
,
59

threat, decreasing
,
6

360 feedback forms
,
220

timeframe, changing
,
196

TPJ (temporoparietal junction)
,
62

transformation
,
138

trust

managing breach of trust,
241–244

neuroscience of,
71–76

U—V

unconscious fear
,
30–31

uncovering myth
,
6–7

ventral occipito-temporal regions
,
100

ventral striatum

explained,
188

managing breach of trust,
243–244

targeted interventions,
209–210

vicarious reward,
76

ventral tegmental area.
See
VTA

ventro
,
124

ventromedial PFC.
See
vmPFC

verbal insight solutions
,
112

verbs, processing
,
146

vicarious reward
,
76–77

vmPFC (ventromedial PFC)
,
108

change and,
124

explained,
186

managing breach of trust,
244

managing emotions,
234–235

motivated reasoning,
134

targeted interventions,
195–197

in trustworthiness,
74–75

voice training
,
111

de Vries, Manfred F.R. Kets
,
104

VTA (ventral tegmental area)

attachment responses,
82

trust activation of,
73

W—X—Y—Z

Watson, Thomas Sr.
,
27

worry, impact on decision making
,
39–40

Yantian International Container Terminals Limited (YICT)
,
50