Arabs (113 page)
Saud, Abdullah ibn
Saudi Arabia
and al-Qaida
defense spending
Directorate of Oil and Mining Affairs
founding
Islamists
oil production
see also
Wahhabis, Wahhabism
Wahhabis, Wahhabism
Scientific knowledge
Scramble for Africa
Second Egyptian Crisis, 1839–1840
Second World War
and Britain’s rule of Middle East
Free French forces
Jewish refugees
Vichy France
Selim I (Selim the Grim)
Selim III (sultan)
September 11, 2001
post-
Seven Years’ War
Sèves (French colonel) (Sulayman Agha)
Shadow plays, Egyptian
Shahbandar, Abd al-Rahman
Shakespeare,
Macbeth
Macbeth
Shamir, Yitzhak
Sha’rawi, Ali Pasha
Sha’rawi, Huda
Sharia law
Sharif Pasha
Sharifian Solution
Sharja
Sharm al-Shaykh
Sharon, Ariel
Shaw Report
Shihab family
Shiites
Druzes
in Lebanon
significance of Karbala
vs. Sunnis
Shoe-throwing incident
Siba’i, Mustafa al-.
See also
Muslim Brotherhood in Syria
See also
Muslim Brotherhood in Syria
Sidqi, Ismail
Sinai Peninsula
Six Day War.
See
Arab-Israeli Wars, 1967 War
See
Arab-Israeli Wars, 1967 War
Slavery
European opposition to
and the
Qur’an
Qur’an
Slavery, military
boy levy
military.
See also
Mamluks
See also
Mamluks
Sudanese
Social Darwinism
Society of Young Ottomans
South American oil
Soviet Union (USSR)
alliance with Egypt
allies, after Cold War
arms deals
as arms supplier
détente
invasion of Afghanistan
oil production
perestroika
role in Egypt
Spain
battles Barbary corsairs
Christians conquer
colonization of Morocco
Spanish Armada
Standard Oil
Stern, Abraham
Stern Gang.
See also
Lehi
See also
Lehi
Strait of Gibraltar
Straits of the Bosporus
Sublime Porte
Sudan
Suez Canal
as border
control of
nationalized
restored to Egypt
Suez Crisis (Tripartite Aggression).
See
Arab-Israeli Wars, 1956 War
See
Arab-Israeli Wars, 1956 War
Sufism (mystical Muslim brotherhoods)
Qadiriyya order
Suicide bombers
Süleyman II (al-Kanuni), Sultan and Barbarossa
Sunnis
Sykes, Sir Mark
Sykes-Picot Agreement
Syria.
See also
Greater Syria
See also
Greater Syria
Aleppo.
See
Aleppo
See
Aleppo
claims Lebanon
conquered by Ottomans
Damascus.
See
Damascus
See
Damascus
declares independence
under Egyptian rule
under French colonialism
and Iran-Iraq War
Islamists in
local leaders co-opted
losses to Israel
Muhammad ’Ali invades
under Ottoman rule
post-World War I
role in First World War
secession from Egypt
succession of Bashar al-Asad
union with Egypt
Syrian Congress, 1920
ten-point resolution
Syrian nationalists
honorable cooperation policy
Syrian Social Nationalist Party
Tabbara, Lina (Mikdadi)
Tahtawi, Rifa’a al-
Taif Accord, Lebanon, 1989
Taliban
Tall, Mustafa Wahbi al-
Tanzimat era, Ottoman Empire.
See
Ottoman reforms, nineteenth century
See
Ottoman reforms, nineteenth century
Taqla, Salim and Bishara
Tawfiq Pasha
Taxation, land
Taymiyya, Ibn
Technology
and Ottoman reform
Tehran Agreement, 1971
Tenet, George
Tergeman, Siham
Texaco
Times
(London)
(London)
Tito, Josip Broz
Topkapi Palace
Torture
abolished, in Ottoman Empire
of Algerian revolutionaries
Guantanamo Bay prison
of Islamists
of Palestinian nationalists
of political prisoners
in the Qu’ran
Transjordan.
See also
Jordan
See also
Jordan
battles Israeli forces
support for Partition of Palestine
tax revolt
Transylvania
Treaty of 1922 (Britain and Egypt)
Treaty of Berlin, 1878
Treaty of Fez, 1912
Treaty of Karlowitz, 1699
Treaty of Madrid, 1912
Treaty of Preferential Alliance, Great Britain and Iraq,1930
Tripartite Aggression (Suez Crisis).
See
Arab-Israeli Wars, 1956 War
See
Arab-Israeli Wars, 1956 War
Tripoli (Lebanon)
Tripoli (Libya)
Trucial States
Tulun, Muhammad ibn
Tumanbay, al-Ashraf
Tunisia
battle for
declares bankruptcy
under French colonialism
independence
under Ottoman rule
reforms, nineteenth century
Tunisian Constitution of 1861
Turayqi, Abdullah al-
Turco-Circassians
Turkey, Ottoman
constitutional government
as the “sick man of Europe”
Turkish (Iraq) Petroleum Company
Tussun Pasha
Ukraine
’Umar, Zahir al-
Umayyads
Unified National Command (UNC).
See also
Intifada
See also
Intifada
United Arab Emirates
United Arab Republic
United Nations
Arafat addresses, 1974
diplomatic efforts
Geneva Conference, 1973
Resolution
Resolution
United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF)
United Nations Security Council
Resolution
sanctions Iraq
United Nations Special Committee on Palestine (UNSCOP)
Partition Resolution
United States
as ally of Jordan
as Arab enemy
as arms supplier
diplomatic efforts, Arab-Israeli
as Israel ally
and Kurdish uprising
Operation Desert Storm
policies, post-Cold War
post-World War I
on Saudi soil
University of Chicago
University of Northern Colorado’s Teachers’ College
University of Texas
Urabi, Colonel Ahmad
U.S.S Liberty
, Israeli attack on during 1967 War
, Israeli attack on during 1967 War
USSR (Soviet Union).
See
Soviet Union
See
Soviet Union
’Uthman Pasha
Uthman Rifqi Pasha
Venezuela
Verdi
Versailles Peace Conference
Vichy France
Vietnam
Violette, Maurice
Voice of the Arabs (radio station)
Wafd (Egyptian nationalists)
government
Wafdist Women’s Central Committee
Wahhabis
Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
battles for Mecca and Medina
executed
and Saudis
Wahhabism
Waldheim, Kurt
Wall Street crash, of 1929
War of Attrition.
See
Arab-Israeli Wars
See
Arab-Israeli Wars
War on terror
Wazir, Khalil al- (a.k.a. Abu Jihad), PLO official
Weapons of mass destruction (WMD)
Weizmann, Chaim
West Bank
Western culture, condemned
Whirling dervishes
White Papers
1930 Passfield White Paper
1939 White Paper
1922
Wilhelm II (kaiser)
Will, George
Wilson, Harold
Wilson, Sir Arnold
Wilson, Woodrow
Wingate, Sir Reginald
Wolseley, Sir Garnet
Women, role of
in Algerian revolution
in Arab nationalist movement
in Egyptian Revolution of 1919
in Islamist movement
in Lebanese independence
in Mocorran independence movement
in Palestine
in Syrian rebellion
World Bank
World Trade Center attacks.
See
September 11, 2001
See
September 11, 2001
World War I.
See
First World War
See
First World War
World War II.
See
Second World War
See
Second World War
World Zionist Organization (WZO)
Yahya, Imam
Yassin, Shaykh Ahmad
Yemen
civil war
independent
under Ottoman rule
Yishuv (Jewish community in Palestine).
See
Zionism, Zionists
See
Zionism, Zionists
Yom Kippur War.
See
Arab-Israeli Wars, 1973 War
See
Arab-Israeli Wars, 1973 War
Younes, Mahmoud
Young Algeria movement
Young Egypt
Young Men’s Muslim Association
Young Turks
Youssef, Moulay
Zaghlul, Sa’d
Zaidi, Muntadhar al- (shoe-thrower)
Za’im, Husni al-
Zaydani shaykhs
Zhou Enlai (Chou En-Lai)
Zionism, Zionists.
See also
Israel; Jews
See also
Israel; Jews
creation of Jewish state
as doomed to fail
King-Crane Commission on
migration to Palestine
Zuaytir, Akram
Zurayk, Constantine,
Ma’nat al-Nakba
Ma’nat al-Nakba
Copyright © 2009 by Eugene Rogan
Published by Basic Books,
A Member of the Perseus Books Group
A Member of the Perseus Books Group
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. For information, address Basic Books, 387 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10016-8810.
Books published by Basic Books are available at special discounts for bulk purchases in the United States by corporations, institutions, and other organizations. For more information, please contact the Special Markets Department at the Perseus Books Group, 2300 Chestnut Street, Suite 200, Philadelphia, PA 19103, or call (800) 810-4145, ext. 5000, or e-mail [email protected].
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Rogan, Eugene L.
The Arabs : a history / Eugene Rogan.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
eISBN : 978-0-465-03248-8
1. Arab countries—History—1517–1918. 2. Arab countries—History—20th century. 3. Palestine—History—Partition, 1947. 4. Arab nationalism. 5. Petroleum industry and trade—Arab countries. 6. Islam and politics—Arab countries. 7. Imperialism. I. Title.
DS37.7.R64 2009
909’.04927—dc22
909’.04927—dc22
2009028575
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