A More Perfect Union: What We the People Can Do to Reclaim Our Constitutional Liberties (22 page)
Read A More Perfect Union: What We the People Can Do to Reclaim Our Constitutional Liberties Online
Authors: Ben Carson MD,Candy Carson
Tags: #Political Science, #American Government, #National, #Constitutions, #Civics & Citizenship, #Nonfiction, #Retail, #Biography & Autobiography, #Politics
AMENDMENT XXVI
Section 1.
The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied
or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of age.
Section 2.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
AMENDMENT XXVII
No law, varying the compensation for the services of the Senators and Representatives, shall take effect, until an election of representatives shall have
intervened.
Chapter 1: Our Guide to Freedom
1
. Thomas Jefferson, “First Inaugural Address in Washington, D.C.,”
Inaugural Addresses of the Presidents of the United States
(Washington, DC: U.S. G.P.O., 1989), www.bartleby.com/124/pres16.html.
2
. James Madison,
The Federalist Papers
, Federalist No. 57, February 19, 1788.
3
. Andrew Jackson, “Farewell Address, March 4, 1837,” The American Presidency Project, www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=67087.
4
. Thomas Jefferson, “A Bill for the More General Diffusion of Knowledge,” June 18, 1778.
5
. John Adams, “A Dissertation on Canon and Feudal Law, 1765,” 7, The Federalist Papers Project, http://thefederalistpapers.integratedmarket.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/John-Adams-A-Dissertation-on-Canon-and-Feudal-Law.pdf.
6
. Thomas Jefferson, “Letter to Colonel Charles Yancey, January 6, 1816,” www.bartleby.com/73/492.html.
Chapter 2: History of the Constitution
1
. David O. Stewart,
The Summer of 1787
(New York: Simon & Schuster, 2007), 20.
2
. Ibid.
3
. “Wednesday, February 21, 1787,”
Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774–1789
, ed. Worthington C. Ford et al. (Washington, DC,
1904–37), 32
:
74, http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=lljc&fileName=032/lljc032.db&recNum=83.
4
. National Archives, “America’s Founding Fathers: Delegates to the Constitutional Convention,” www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/constitution_founding_fathers.html.
5
. Biographical sources for the founding fathers in chapter 1: Ibid.; National Constitution Center, “Founding Fathers,” http://constitutioncenter.org/learn/educational-resources/founding-fathers/; Bio, “Founding Fathers,” www.biography.com/people/groups/founding-fathers; Gordon Lloyd, “The Constitutional Convention: Individual Biographies of the Delegates to the Constitutional Convention,” TeachingAmericanHistory.org, http://teachingamericanhistory.org/convention/delegates/; University of Gronigen, “American History from Revolution to Reconstruction and Beyond: Biographies,” 2012, www.let.rug.nl/usa/biographies/.
6
. TeachingAmericanHistory.org, “Alexander Hamilton,” http://teachingamericanhistory.org/static/convention/delegates/hamilton.html.
Chapter 3: We the People
1
. John Adams, “Notes for an Oration at Braintree, Spring 1772,” Founders Online, http://founders.archives.gov/documents/Adams/01-02-02-0002-0002-0001.
2
. Deena Winter, “Nebraska School Suggests Teachers Avoid Calling Students Boys or Girls to Be ‘Gender Inclusive,’” NebraskaWatchdog.org, Oct. 2, 2014, http://watchdog.org/174768/gender-inclusive/.
3
. Ayn Rand,
Philosophy: Who Needs It
(New York: Signet, 1984).
4
. Ronald Reagan, “The Problem of Government, First Address as Governor of California,” January 5, 1967,
The Greatest Speeches of Ronald Reagan
(West Palm Beach, FL: NewsMax, 2001), 7.
5
.
Respectfully Quoted: A Dictionary of Quotations
(Washington, DC: Library of Congress, 1989), 1593, www.bartleby.com/73/.
Chapter 4: In Order to Form a More Perfect Union
1
. Thomas Jefferson, “Letter to Samuel Kercheval, June 12, 1816,” TeachingAmericanHistory.org, http://teachingamericanhistory.org/library/document/letter-to-samuel-kercheval/.
Chapter 6: Provide for the Common Defense
1
. James Madison, “The Federalist Number 10, 22 November 1787,” Founders Online, http://founders.archives.gov/?q=enlightened%20statesmen%20will%20not%20always%20be%20at%20the%20helm&s=1111311111&sa=&r=3&sr=.
2
. Paul Leicester Ford, “Pamphlets on the Constitution of the United States, Published During Its Discussion by the People, 1787–1788,” (Brooklyn, NY, 1888), http://archive.org/details/cu31924020874099; https://ia600508.us.archive.org/8/items/cu31924020874099/cu31924020874099.pdf.
3
. Thomas Jefferson quoting
Essay on Crimes and Punishments
by Cesare Beccaria, www.monticello.org/site/jefferson/laws-forbid-carrying-armsquotation.
4
. George Washington, “Inaugural Address of 1789,” National Archives and Records Administration, April 30, 1789, www.archives.gov/exhibits/american_originals/inaugtxt.html.
5
. C. S. Lewis,
God in the Dock,
324.
6
. Daniel Webster and Callie L. Bonney,
The Wisdom and Eloquence of Daniel Webster
(New York: John B. Alden, 1886), 62–63.
7
. Lyman C. Draper,
Annual Report on the Condition and Improvement of the Common Schools and Education Interests
(Wisconsin: Atwood & Rublee, 1858), 200.
Chapter 7: Promote the General Welfare
1
. Patrick Henry, “Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death, March 23, 1775,” The Avalon Project, Yale Lillian Goldman Law Library, http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/patrick.asp.
2
.
“Dwight D. Eisenhower Quotes,” Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, www.eisenhower.archives.gov/all_about_ike/quotes.html.
Chapter 8: Secure the Blessings of Liberty to Ourselves and Our Posterity
1
. “Thomas Jefferson Quotations [see #3],” The Jefferson Monticello, Monticello.org, http://www.monticello.org/site/research-and-collections/chain-email-10-jefferson-quotations#footnote2_8k5i6pd.
2
. See www.usdebtclock.org for most current data.
3
. “Historical Debt Outstanding—Annual 2000–2014,” Treasury Direct, www.treasurydirect.gov/govt/reports/pd/histdebt/histdebt_histo5.htm.
4
. “How Much Did the National Debt Increase in 2013?” Bankrupting America, January 2, 2014, www.bankruptingamerica.org/how-much-did-the-national-debt-increase-in-2013-breaking-it-down/#.VV1t1Ov2HwM.
5
. “Sep. 10, This Day in History: Nathan Hale volunteers to Spy Behind British Lines,” History.com, www.history.com/this-day-in-history/nathan-hale-volunteers-to-spy-behind-british-lines.
Chapter 9: Article 1, the Legislative Branch
1
. Introduction by Roger A. Bruns to
A More Perfect Union: The Creation of the United States Constitution
(Washington, DC: National Archives and Records Administration, National Archives Trust Fund Board, 1986), www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/constitution_history.html.
2
. Michael B. Rappaport, “Presentment Clause,”
The Heritage Guide to the Constitution, Lesson 8: Lawmaking and the Rule of Law,
The Heritage Foundation, 158, www.heritage.org/constitution/content/pdf/lesson-8.pdf.
Chapter 10: Article 2, the Executive Branch
1
. Julie Percha, “The 3 Most Contentious Confirmation Hearings,”
Washington Post,
February 4, 2015, www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/wp/2015/02/04/the-3-most-contentious-confirmation-hearings-caught-on-tape/.
2
. John Adams, “To the Officers of the First Brigade of the Third Division of the Militia of Massachusetts, 11 October 1798,”
The Works of John Adams,
vol. 9
(Letters and State Papers 1799–1811)
(Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1856), http://oll.libertyfund.org/titles/adams-the-works-of-john-adams-vol-9-letters-and-state-papers-1799-1811/simple#lf1431-09_head_222.
Chapter 12: Articles 4–7
1
. Rich Tucker, “America’s Debt, Through the Eyes of the Founders,” The Heritage Foundation, October 8, 2013, www.heritage.org/research/reports/2013/10/national-debt-and-the-founding-fathers; “About Alexander Hamilton,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, November 11, 2010, www.treasury.gov/about/history/pages/ahamilton.aspx.
2
. National Archives, “The Ratification of the Constitution,” www.archives.gov/education/lessons/constitution-day/ratification.html.
3
. National Archives, “Teaching with Documents: Observing Constitution Day,” www.archives.gov/education/lessons/constitution-day/signers.html.
Chapter 13: The Bill of Rights
1
. Mary Beth Marklein, “On Campus: Free Speech for You but Not for Me?”
USA Today,
November 3, 2003, http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/washington/2003-11-02-free-speech-cover_x.htm; Dr. Susan Berry, “Brandeis Student Journalist: ‘Selective Outrage’ on Campus, Students ‘Intimidated,’ ‘Shamed into Silence,’” Breitbart.com, January 11, 2015, http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/01/11/brandeis-student-journalist
-selective-outrage-on-campus-students-intimidated-shamed-into-silence/; Kirsten Powers, “How Liberals Ruined College,”
The Daily Beast,
May 11, 2015, http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/05/11/how-liberals-have-ruined-college.html; Napp Nazworth, “The Top 10 Worst Offenders of Free Speech on College Campuses,”
Christian Post,
March 6, 2015, http://m.christianpost.com/news/top-10-worst-offenders-of-free-speech-on-college-campuses-135274/.
Chapter 14: Later Amendments
1
. “Amendment XXII: Two-Term Limit on Presidency,” Annenberg Classroom Interpretation, National Constitution Center, http://constitutioncenter.org/constitution/the-amendments/amendment-22-presidential-term-limits.
Chapter 15: A Call to Action
1
. Andrew A. Lipscomb and Albert Ellery Bergh, eds., “Thomas Jefferson, Resolutions Relative to the Alien and Sedition Acts,”
The Writings of Thomas Jefferson
(Washington, DC: Thomas Jefferson Memorial Association, 1905), http://press-pubs.uchicago.edu/founders/documents/v1ch8s41.html.
2
. John Adams,
The Political Writings of John Adams,
George W. Carey, ed. (Washington, DC: Regnery Publishing Inc., 2000), 157.
3
. William J. Bennett,
The Spirit of America
(New York: Simon & Schuster, 1997), p. 37.
The page numbers in this index refer to the printed version of this book. The link provided will take you to the beginning of that print page. You may need to scroll forward from that location to find the corresponding reference on your e-reader.
abortion,
89
–92
Adams, John,
5
,
11
,
31
,
129
,
138
–39,
191
–92
amending the Constitution (Article V),
150
–52,
211
–12
American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU),
90
“American Crisis” (Paine),
192
–93
appointments, presidential,
134
–35
Articles of Confederation,
9
–10
Article 1 (legislative branch),
97
–124
congressional order,
108
–10
elections and congressional sessions,
107
–8
House of Representatives,
99
–104
laws for liberty,
124
limits on federal power,
120
–23
limits on state power,
124
passing bills,
110
–11
the Senate,
104
–7
specific powers,
112
–20
taxation,
112
text of,
197
–205
Article 2 (executive branch),
125
–39
presidency today,
139
presidential elections,
128
–31
presidential powers,
132
–37
presidential responsibility and accountability,
137
–39
president’s oath of office,
125
,
207
president’s position and staff,
127
president’s qualifications, successors, and salary,
131
–32
text of,
205
–9
Article 3 (judicial branch),
140
–46
juries and justice,
143
–44
jurisdiction,
143
text of,
209
–10
treason,
144
–45
assistance of counsel,
166
balanced budget
borrowing money, role of Congress,
113
,
202
dangers of debt,
84
–87
Baldwin, Abraham,
14
bankruptcy law,
114
–15
Bassett, Richard,
14
Bill of Rights,
156
–90.
See also
specific amendments
Anti-Federalists and,
24
later amendments,
171
–90
text of,
213
–25
Boston Tea Party,
19
Broom, Jacob,
15
Bush, George H. W.,
134
–35
Bush, George W.,
128
businessmen, at the Constitutional Convention,
15
–17
Butler, Pierce,
13
charity, promoting private,
75
–78
checks and balances,
95
,
110
–11,
120
child labor,
173
Churchill, Winston,
133
civil service jobs,
135
–36
civil unions,
53
–54
Clinton, Bill,
107
Clymer, George,
15
–16
college students, right to vote,
188
commerce, role of Congress,
113
commerce clause,
168
–69
“common defense” in Preamble,
56
–66
defense abroad,
57
–60
defense at home,
60
–64
protecting our future,
65
–66
too much defense,
64
–65
community-based programs,
76
–77
compulsory process,
166
Congress, U.S.
See
House of Representatives; Senate, U.S.
congressional elections,
101
,
105
,
107
–8,
179
–80
congressional order,
108
–10
Congressional Record,
109
congressional sessions,
108
Constitutional Convention (1787),
11
–25,
99
,
191
–92
Constitution of the United States,
95
–193
amendments to.
See
Bill of Rights
history of,
7
–25
as our guide to freedom,
1
–6
Preamble to.
See
Preamble to the U.S. Constitution
text of,
197
–212
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau,
125
Continental Congress,
10
–11
copyright law,
116
–17
court system.
See also
judicial branch
role of Congress,
117
crimes
citizens committing in other countries,
117
extradition,
149
treason,
144
–46
cruel and unusual punishment,
167
,
214
culture of dependency,
73
–75
day-care centers,
76
–77
Dayton, Jonathan,
11
death of president, and succession,
131
–32,
187
debt,
46
,
80
,
84
–87,
113
,
153
,
176
–77
declaration of war, role of Congress,
118
,
136
–37,
203
defense.
See
“common defense” in Preamble
details trap, escaping the,
42
–44
Detroit riots of 1967,
132
Dickinson, John,
13
District of Columbia (Washington, D.C.),
119
–20,
183
–85
doctors, at the Constitutional Convention,
17
–19
“double jeopardy” clause,
165
early colonies,
8
–12
Eighteenth Amendment,
180
,
181
,
219
–20
Eisenhower, Dwight D.,
81
elections (election procedure)
House of Representatives,
101
,
107
–8
Electoral College,
128
–29,
172
–73
eligibility
House of Representatives,
101
the president,
131
the Senate,
105
–6
enumeration,
168
environmental preservation,
79
–80
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA),
79
–80
excessive fines,
167
executive branch.
See
Article 2
executive orders,
99
executive overreach and abuse,
111
,
126
,
139
limits on,
98
–99,
125
–27,
197
–205
executive powers,
132
–37
extradition,
149
federalism,
44
–46,
47
–48,
148
–50,
168
–69
Federalist Papers,
24
Federalists,
23
–24
First Amendment,
34
–38,
156
–60,
213
Fifteenth Amendment,
177
–78,
218
flat tax,
72
foreign relations
“provide for the common defense” in Preamble,
57
–60
role of Congress,
117
–19
role of president,
133
–34,
207
–8
Fourth Amendment,
65
,
162
–64,
213
Fourteenth Amendment,
91
,
174
–77,
217
–18
Franklin, James,
21
freedom of assembly,
159
freedom of speech,
34
–38,
158
–59
freedom of the press,
158
–59
free trade, role of Congress,
113
gay marriage,
53
–54
“general Welfare” in Preamble,
67
–82
benefit of supporting families,
78
–79
dangers of government dependency,
73
–75
dangers of unfair taxation,
71
–73
maintaining the currency,
80
one party vs.,
70
–71
promoting private charity,
75
–78
protecting the environment,
79
–80
special accommodation vs.,
68
–70
Geneva Conventions,
60
gerrymandering,
104
Gilman, Nicholas,
15
gold standard,
115
“good Behavior” clause,
142
Gore, Al,
128
government bailouts of 2008,
115
government dependency, dangers of,
73
–75
government employees,
135
–36
Gray, C. Boyden,
ix
–x
gun safety,
63
–64
health care,
18
,
110
.
See also
Affordable Care Act
Henry, Patrick,
81
history of the Constitution,
7
–25
House Journal,
109
House of Representatives,
99
–104
congressional order,
108
–10
congressional sessions,
108
limits on power,
120
–23
passing bills,
110
–11
specific powers,
112
–20
role of Congress,
114
immunities clause,
174
–75
impartial juries,
166
impeachment of the president,
138
role of House,
103
–4
role of Senate,
106
–7
imperfect union, dangers of,
46
–48
income tax.
See
taxation
informed voting,
33
Internal Revenue Service (IRS),
36
,
163
international relations
role of Congress,
117
–19
role of president,
133
–34
Islamic terrorism,
57
–58,
64
–65,
145
Jefferson, Thomas,
2
,
4
,
5
–6,
11
,
47
,
61
–62,
84
,
129
,
191
Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions,
40
–41,
42
–43
Johnson, William Samuel,
12
judicial branch (Article 3),
140
–46
juries and justice,
143
–44
jurisdiction,
143
text of,
209
–10
treason,
144
–45