Read A Savage War of Peace: Algeria 1954-1962 Online
Authors: Alistair Horne
Tags: #History, #Politics, #bought-and-paid-for, #Non-Fiction, #War
Colonel Godard’s Organogram
Following the death of Godard in Belgium, the original organogram, written in his own hand-writing during the Battle of Algiers in 1957, found its way to the Hoover Library in California, where it was discovered by the author in 1981. Many of the names such as Yacef Saadi appear prominently in the text. The wrong and inconsistent spellings are Godard’s.
Political and Military Abbreviations
A.L.N. Armée de Libération Nationale
A.M.L. Amis du Manifeste et de la Liberté
B.E.L. Bureau d’Études et de Liaisons
B.P.C. Bataillon de Parachutistes de Choc
C.C.E. Comité de Coordination et d’Exécution
C.N.R. Conseil National de la Résistance
C.N.R.A. Conseil National de la Révolution Algérienne
C.R.S. Compagnies Républicaines de Sécurité
C.R.U.A. Comité Révolutionnaire d’Unité et d’Action
D.O.P. Détachement Opérationnel de Protection
D.P.U. Dispositif de Protection Urbaine
D.S.T. Direction de la Surveillance du Territoire
F.A.F. Front de l’Algérie Française
F.L.N. Front de Libération Nationale
F.N.F. Front National Français
G.-G. Gouvernement-Général
G.P.R.A. Gouvernement Provisoire de la République Algérienne
G.R.E. Groupement de Renseignement et d’Exploitation
M.N.A. Mouvement Nationaliste Algérienne
M.P.C. Mouvement pour la Communauté
M.R.P. Mouvement Républicain Populaire
M.T.L.D. Mouvement pour le Triomphe des Libertés Démocratiques
O.A.S. Organisation Armée Secrète
O.P.A. Organisation Politico-Administrative
O.S. Organisation Spéciale
P.C.A. Parti Communiste Algérien
P.C.F. Parti Communiste Français
P.P.A. Parti du Peuple Algérien
P.S.U. Parti Socialiste Unifié
R.C.P. Régiment de Chasseurs Parachutistes
R.E.P. Régiment Étranger Parachutistes
R.P.C. Régiment Parachutiste Coloniale
R.P.F. Rassemblement du Peuple Français
S.A.S. Section Administrative Spécialisé
S.D.E.C.E. Service de Documentation Extérieure et de Contre-Espionage
S.F.I.O Section Française de l’Internationale Ouvrière
U.D.M.A. Union Démocratique pour le Manifeste Algérien
U.F.N.A. Union Française Nord-Africaine
U.G.T.A. Union Générale des Travailleurs Algériens
U.T. Unités Territoriales
Z.A.A. Zone Autonome d’Alger
Chronology
1830 France occupies Algiers
1847 Abd-el-Kader surrenders
1871 French loss of Alsace-Lorraine steps up colonisation of Algeria
1936 Blum—Viollette reforms for Algeria: not implemented
1940 Fall of France
1942 8 November: Allied landings in Algeria and Morocco
1945 8 May: V.E. Day: Algerian revolt in Sétif followed by severe reprisals
1954 7 May: Fall of Dien Bien Phu in Indo-China
18 June: Mendès-France comes to power
1 November: All Saints’ Day: the Algerian war begins
1955 25 January: Soustelle appointed governor-general
6 February: Mendès-France falls
18–24 April: F.L.N. attend Bandung Conference of “Third World”
20 August: F.L.N. massacre
pieds noirs
at Philippeville
1956 26 January: Mollet succeeds Faure as prime minister
2 February: Soustelle goes, replaced by Lacoste
18 May: Palestro Massacre of French conscripts
20 August: Soummam Conference established F.L.N. policy
30 September: Yacef’s girls bomb Milk-Bar and Cafétéria: Battle of Algiers begins
16 October: Interception of
Athos
loaded with arms from Egypt for F.L.N.
22 October: Ben Bella hijacked and imprisoned by French
5 November: Anglo-French landings at Suez
14 December: Salan appointed Commander-in-Chief in Algeria
1957 7 January: Massu’s paras take over Algiers
16 January: Bazooka attempt to kill Salan
28 January: General strike begins in Algiers — broken by paras
21 May: Mollet falls: France is 22 days with no government
31 May: Massacre of peasants by F.L.N. at Mélouza
2 July: J. F. Kennedy’s speech supporting Algerian independence
24 September: Yacef captured: Battle of Algiers won by Massu
5 November: Gaillard succeeds Bourgès-Maunoury as prime minister
26 December: Liquidation of Ramdane Abane
1958 7 January: Saharan oil begins to flow
8 February: French bomb Sakiet in Tunisia
15 April: Gaillard falls; France 37 days with no government
13 May: Algiers mob seizes government buildings and demands de Gaulle
1 June: de Gaulle becomes prime minister
4 June: de Gaulle makes triumphant visit to Algeria (“
Je vous ai compris
”)
19 September: G.P.R.A. (Provisional Government of the Algerian Revolution) formed
3 October: de Gaulle offers
paix des braves
to the rebels
12 December: Challe and Delouvrier replace Salan
21 December: de Gaulle is elected president of France
1959 22 July: Operation “Binoculars”; climax of Challe offensive
16 September: de Gaulle offers Algeria “self-determination”
1960 19 January: Massu sacked for attacking de Gaulle’s policy
24 January: “Barricades Week”; “ultras” shoot gendarmes
29 January: de Gaulle speaks, revolt collapses
23 April: Challe “promoted” away from Algeria
10 June: Si Salah makes abortive peace approach to de Gaulle
25–29 June: French peace talks with F.L.N. at Melun: failure
6 September: “Manifesto of the 121” inciting conscripts to desert
28–29 September: Ferhat Abbas goes to Moscow and Peking
23 November: Joxe and Morin replace Delouvrier
9–13 December: Muslim backlash as de Gaulle visits Algeria
20 December: United Nations recognises Algeria’s right to self-determination
1961 25 January: O.A.S. emerges: assassination of Maitre Popie
20–26 April: “Generals’ putsch” in Algiers: de Gaulle triumphs
25 April: France explodes atomic bomb at Reggane in Sahara
19 May: 19 O.A.S. explosions in Algiers
20 May–28 July: First peace talks at Evian: failure
19–23 July: Fighting between France and Tunisia at Bizerta
8 September: Assassination attempt on de Gaulle at Pont-sur-Seine
1962 7 February: Bomb intended for Malraux in Paris blinds girl of 4
February: O.A.S. kill 553 people
7–18 March: Second Evian peace talks: agreement signed
19 March: Cease-fire between French and F.L.N.
20 April: Salan captured
17 June: Truce between O.A.S. and F.L.N.: exodus of
pieds noirs
1 July: Referendum on independence
15 September: Ben Bella becomes president
1965 19 June: Boumedienne overthrows Ben Bella
1978 27 December: Death of Boumedienne; Bendjedid becomes president
1984 Signs of some liberalisation of one-party F.L.N. regime
1992 Government under Liamine Zeroual cancels second round of national elections. F.I.S. banned and civil war begins.
June: Mohamed Boudiaf assassinated
1994 Vast new oil deposits found in Algeria
1995 New national elections return Zeroual by landslide 61 per cent majority
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