A Troublesome Inheritance: Genes, Race and Human History (29 page)

East, Edward M.,
29

East Asians,
2
,
4
,
18
,
20
,
86
,
93
,
94
,
109
,
110
,
147
,
177
–79,
182
,
188
,
193
,
220
,
223
,
225
,
236
,
246
,
248
,
249

IQ tests and,
8
,
191

physical characteristics in,
87
–92

skulls of,
70

split between Caucasians and,
86

eccrine glands,
89
,
91

Eckstein, Zvi,
151
,
209
–10,
211
,
212

economic development,
182
–89

economics, economies,
10
,
172
,
224
,
244
,
247

culture and,
13
,
155
,
183
–85

disparities in,
13
–14

and escape from tribalism and poverty,
177
–82

human nature and,
154
–58,
160
,
161

Industrial Revolution and,
see
Industrial Revolution

IQ and wealth hypothesis,
189
–93

market,
161

wealth and,
see
wealth

EDAR-V370A gene,
89
–90,
92
,
105
,
118
,
121

education,
191
,
199

Head Start and,
190

Edwards, A.W.F.,
120

egalitarianism,
63
,
128
,
129
,
173

eggs,
106

Egypt,
132
,
134
,
143
–44

Elias, Norbert,
123
,
168
–70

Elvin, Mark,
223

empathy,
170

empires,
234
,
246
–47

England,
137
,
152
,
237

behavior changes in,
155
–58,
160
,
161

economy in,
162

ethnic prejudices and,
17

farm laborers’ wages in,
152
–53

Glorious Revolution in,
194
–95,
196
,
224

Industrial Revolution in,
151
–52,
158
–59,
162
,
163
,
172
,
178
–79,
185
,
193
–95

population growth in,
162

social mobility in,
164

Enlightenment,
154

environment, societal change and,
57
–61

Equatorial Guinea,
189

Erasmus,
168

Eskimos,
134
,
214

Essay on the Inequality of Human Races, An
(Gobineau),
19
–20

Essay on the Principle of Population, An
(Malthus),
152
,
153
–54,
155
,
162

Ethiopia,
195

ethnic prejudice,
17
,
19

racism
v
s.,
17

etiquette,
168

Etounga-Manguelle, Danielle,
184
,
185

eugenics,
16
,
18
,
26
–38

in Germany,
35
–37

immigration and,
31

intelligence tests,
30

sterilization and,
27
–31,
33
–38

Eugenics Record Office,
28
,
34

Eugenics Research Association,
29

Eugenics Society,
33

Eurasia,
77
,
86
,
147
,
226

Europe:

awakening of,
12
–13

colonization by,
18
,
147
,
177
,
226
,
247

educational institutes in,
231
–32

empires in,
234
,
246
–47

exploration by,
233
,
234

internal wars in,
233
–34

in Middle Ages,
227
–28

religion in,
145
–46

states achieved in,
137
,
138
,
140
–41,
142
,
144
,
146

telescope introduced to,
215
–16,
219

tribalism in,
137
,
144
,
145
,
147

see also
West

European Americans, IQ tests and,
189
–90

Europeans,
2
,
4
,
9
,
18
,
20
,
86
,
93
,
109
,
110
,
147
,
182
,
219
,
223
,
225
,
236

ethnic prejudices among,
17

genetics of,
79
–80

IQ tests and,
8
,
191
,
192

physical characteristics in,
87
–91

society of,
123
–24

transition to modern economy by,
178
,
188

evolution:

Darwin’s theory of,
22
,
26

pedomorphic,
167

speciation and,
71
–75,
76

evolution, human,
1
–2

belief in recent suspension of,
5

genes changed in,
2
–3

history and,
245
–49

of independent populations,
1
–2

natural selection in,
see
natural selection

new view of,
2
–4

races and,
71
–75

as recent, copious and regional,
2
–4,
6
,
7
,
10
,
242
,
243
,
251

social science and,
5
,
241

societies created through,
65
–66

evolutionary perspectives on race,
239
–51

evolutionary stresses,
80
–85

executions,
168
–69

eyes, whites of,
39
–40

face recognition,
52

Fanconi’s anemia,
208

Feldman, Marcus,
97
–99

Fengler, Wolfgang,
176

Ferguson, Niall,
215
,
224
–25,
246

feudalism,
145
,
146

Finns,
57
,
94

First Crusade,
204

fossils,
107
,
167

foxes,
160
–61

founder effect,
206
–7

FOXP2 gene,
110

Framington Heart Study,
3

France,
137
,
140

ethnic prejudices and,
17

Fukuyama, Francis,
136
,
137
,
139
,
142
,
144
–49,
172
–73,
193
,
243

Funnel Beaker Culture,
61
,
113

Galileo,
216
,
217

Galton, Francis,
25
–27,
33
,
34

Gama, Vasco da,
233

Gaucher’s disease,
206
,
209

gene(s),
54
,
95
,
250
–51

ABCC11,
90
–91,
121

aggression and,
54
–57

alleles of,
see
alleles

BRCA1 and BRCA2,
208

chips,
79

culture and,
48
,
59
–61

DARC,
110
–11

EDAR-V370A,
89
–90,
92
,
105
,
118
,
121

evolutionary changes in,
2
–3

FOXP2,
110

HTR2B,
57

KITLG,
111

lactase,
60
–61,
113

MAO-A,
54
–57,
110
,
170
–71,
243
,
244

MC1R,
87
–88

physical characteristics and,
87
–92

promoters of,
55
–57

race and,
95

SLC24A5,
88
,
111

social behavior and,
9
,
41
,
46
–47,
50
–51,
53
,
57
–59,
64
,
85

gene-culture evolution,
59
–60

genetic determinism,
221
–22

genetic diversity, species origin and,
102

genetic drift,
72
–75,
76
,
78
,
102
–3,
114
,
196

genetic gradients (clines),
98
–99

genetics:

language families and,
101

Mendel’s laws of,
28
,
29
,
34

of race,
95
–122

in social institutions,
124
–27

genetic structure of race,
114
–17

genome, human,
1
,
2
,
14
,
68
,
251

association studies and,
114
–15

clusters of
v
ariation in,
96
–102

fingerprints of selection in,
102
–10

tandem repeats in,
96
,
97
,
99
,
100

genomics, racial differences and,
7
–9

genotypes,
75
,
109

geographic determinism,
221
–25

geography,
223

Germans:

ethnic prejudices and,
17

immigrants,
187
–88

Germany,
135
,
137
,
236
–37

IQ tests in,
192

Nazi,
see
Nazi Germany

Ghana,
183

Gillham, Nicholas,
26
–27

glaciers,
81

Glazer, Nathan,
184

Glorious Revolution,
194
–95,
196
,
224

Gobineau, Joseph-Arthur Comte de,
19
–20

Gould, Stephen Jay,
21
–22

government(s),
148
,
173

absolutist,
195
,
237

in Africa,
175
–76

kleptocracies,
175

in Middle East,
174

gracilization,
82
,
167
–68,
170

Grant, Madison,
31
–33

Greece, ancient,
17
,
228
,
229

Gregory VII, Pope,
145
–46

guilt,
50

Guns, Germs, and Steel
(Diamond),
117
–18,
221
–23

hair,
88
–89,
90
,
92
,
105
,
108
,
118
,
236
,
250

Haiti,
13
,
189
,
241

Hanson, Victor Davis,
215

HapMap,
103

Hapsburgs,
234
,
247

Harappan civilization,
134

Hardy, Jason,
202
–5,
207
–9,
214

Hargreaves, James,
158
–59

Harpending, Henry,
202
–5,
207
–9,
214

Harriman, E. H.,
28

Harriman, Mary,
28

Harrison, Lawrence,
185

Hawaii,
134
,
186

Head Start,
190

height,
112
–13

Henry IV, King,
146

Heron, David,
34

high altitudes,
3
,
8
,
107
,
214

Himmelfarb, Gertrude,
198

history:

evolution and,
245
–49

social behavior and,
9
–13,
135
–46

Hitler, Adolf,
16
,
19
–20,
33
,
34
–37,
135
,
234
,
247

Mein Kampf,
33

Hofstadter, Richard,
16

Holmes, Oliver Wendell,
29
–30

Holocaust,
31
,
36
–37,
69
,
198

homicide,
156
,
170
,
172

Homo erectus,
77

Homo ergaster,
46

HTR2B,
57

Huff, Toby,
166
,
216
,
217
,
219
,
228
,
230
–31,
232

human capital,
191

human nature,
150
–97,
244

domestication and,
160
–61,
167
–73

economics and,
154
–58,
160
,
161

and changes in China,
165
–66

see also
social behaviors

Hung-wu,
230

hunter-gatherer societies,
62
,
76
–78,
84
,
100
–101,
136
,
178
,
197
,
223
,
242
–43