All In
Authors: Paula Broadwell
ALL IN
THE EDUCATION OF
GENERAL DAVID PETRAEUS
PAULA BROADWELL
WITH
VERNON LOEB
THE PENGUIN PRESS
New York
2012
THE PENGUIN PRESS
Published by the Penguin Group
Penguin Group (USA) Inc., 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014, U.S.A. ⢠Penguin Group (Canada), 90 Eglinton Avenue East, Suite 700, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4P 2Y3 (a division of Pearson Penguin Canada Inc.) ⢠Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL, England ⢠Penguin Ireland, 25 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland (a division of Penguin Books Ltd) ⢠Penguin Books Australia Ltd, 250 Camberwell Road, Camberwell, Victoria 3124, Australia (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) ⢠Penguin Books India Pvt Ltd, 11 Community Centre, Panchsheel Park, New Delhi â 110 017, India ⢠Penguin Group (NZ), 67 Apollo Drive, Rosedale, Auckland 0632, New Zealand (a division of Pearson New Zealand Ltd) ⢠Penguin Books (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd, 24 Sturdee Avenue, Rosebank, Johannesburg 2196, South Africa
Penguin Books Ltd, Registered Offices: 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL, England
First published in 2012 by The Penguin Press, a member of Penguin Group (USA) Inc.
Copyright © Paula Broadwell, 2012
All rights reserved
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING IN PUBLICATION DATA
Broadwell, Paula.
All in : the education of General David Petraeus / Paula Broadwell with Vernon Loeb.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-101-55230-8
1. Petraeus, David Howell. 2. GeneralsâUnited StatesâBiography. 3. United States. ArmyâBiography. 4. Iraq War, 2003âBiography. I. Loeb, Vernon. II. Title. III. Title: Education of General David Petraeus.
E897.4.P48B76 2012 2011043881
355.0092âdc23 [B]
DESIGNED BY NICOLE LAROCHE
Map of Afghanistan
by Jeffrey Ward
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T
O MY THREE FAVORITE TROOPERS
,
S
COTT,
L
UCIEN AND
L
ANDON BROADWELL,
AND TO THOSE WHO SERVE
To strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield.
âAlfred, Lord Tennyson, “Ulysses”
“This isn't double down, Mr. President. It's all in.”
âGeneral David Petraeus to President George W. Bush in the Oval Office, January 23, 2007, on the eve of the surge in Iraq
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
ABP
Afghan Border Police
A-CAAT
Afghan Counterinsurgency Advisory and Assistance Team
ALP
Afghan Local Police program
ANA
Afghan National Army
ANP
Afghan National Police
ANSF
Afghan National Security Forces
APRP
Afghan Peace and Reintegration Program
BCT
brigade combat team
CAAT
Counterinsurgency Advisory and Assistance Team
CENTCOM
U.S. Central Command
CERP
Commander's Emergency Response Program
CFSOCCâA
Combined Forces Special Operations Component CommandâAfghanistan
CIA
Central Intelligence Agency
CâIED
counterâimprovised explosive device
CIG
Commander's Initiatives Group
CINC
commander in chief
CJCS
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
CJIATF
Combined Joint Interagency Task Force
CNAS
Center for a New American Security
CODEL
congressional delegation
COIN
counterinsurgency
COMISAF
Commander, International Security Assistance Force Afghanistan
CORDS
Civil Operations and Revolutionary Development Support
CPN
criminal patronage network
DHS
U.S. Department of Homeland Security
DOD
U.S. Department of Defense
EKIA
enemy killed in action
EOD
explosive ordnance disposal
FAO
foreign area officer
FATA
Federally Administered Tribal Areas (Pakistan)
FOB
forward operating base
GIRoA
Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
GMIC
Government Media and Information Center
GOVN
Government of the Republic of Vietnam
GPS
Global Positioning System
HASC
House Armed Services Committee
HQN
Haqqani network
ICG
International Crisis Group
IED
improvised explosive device
IJC
ISAF Joint Command
INL
Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs
ISAF
International Security Assistance Force
ISR
Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance
JRTC
Joint Readiness Training Center
JSOC
Joint Special Operations Command
KIA
killed in action
MEDEVAC
medical evacuation
MLRS
Multiple Launch Rocket System
MNSTCâI
Multi-National Security Transition CommandâIraq
MOI
Ministry of the Interior
MRAP
Mine-Resistant Ambush-Protected vehicle
NAC
North Atlantic Council
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NCO
noncommissioned officer
NDS
National Directorate of Security (Afghan)
NGO
nongovernmental organization
NOFORN
no foreign nationals
NROLFSM
NATO Rule of Law Field Support Mission
NSA
National Security Agency
NSC
National Security Council
NSS
National Security Staff
NTC
National Training Center
NTMâA
NATO Training MissionâAfghanistan
ODA
(Special Forces) Operational Detachment Alpha
OP
observation post
OSD
Office of the Secretary of Defense
OTAN
Organisation du Traité de l'Atlantique Nord
PICC
Palace Information Coordination Center
PID
positive identification
POTUS
President of the United States
PRT
Provincial Reconstruction Team
PTDS
Persistent Threat Detection System
RC
Regional Command
ROLFFâA
Rule of Law Field ForceâAfghanistan
SASC
Senate Armed Services Committee
SEAL
Sea, Air, Land teams
SHAPE
Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe
SIGACTS
significant activities
SMU
Special Mission Unit
SOCOM
Special Operations Command
SOTF
Special Operations Task Force
SRAP
Special representative for Afghanistan and Pakistan
TBI
traumatic brain injury
TF
task force
UAV
unmanned aerial vehicle
UNAMA
United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan
USAID
U.S. Agency for International Development
VTC
video teleconference
VSO
Village Stability Operations
WIA
wounded in action
CAST OF CHARACTERS
David M. Axelrod:
White House senior adviser.
Joseph Biden:
Vice president of the United States (January 2009âpresent).
Lieutenant General James Bucknall:
ISAF deputy commanding general at ISAF headquarters.
Lieutenant General William B. Caldwell:
Commander, NATO Training MissionâAfghanistan; commander, Combined Security Transition CommandâAfghanistan (November 2009âpresent).
David Cameron:
Prime minister of the United Kingdom.
Major General John F. Campbell:
Commander, ISAF Regional Command East (June 2010âMay 2011); 101st Airborne Division commander. Promoted to lieutenant general in September 2011.
Hillary Clinton:
U.S. secretary of State (January 2009âpresent).
Ryan C. Crocker:
Ambassador to Iraq during Petraeus's time thereâhis civil-military “wingman” in Iraqâand now ambassador to Afghanistan.
Karim Dad:
Malik of Khosrow Sofla village in Arghandab District, Kandahar Province.
Ambassador Karl W. Eikenberry:
U.S. ambassador to Afghanistan (April 2009âJuly 2011).
Rahm I. Emanuel:
White House chief of staff (January 2009âOctober 2010).
Lieutenant Colonel David G. Fivecoat:
One of Petraeus's protégés and his aide-de-camp in 2001â02 in Bosnia and during the 2003 invasion into Iraq. Commanded 3rd Battalion, 187th Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division; deployed to Ghazni and Paktika provinces.
Lieutenant Colonel David S. Flynn:
Commanded 1st Battalion, 320th Field Artillery Regiment, 101st Airborne Division; deployed in the Arghandab River Valley, Kandahar Province, during Operation Dragon Strike.
General (Retired) John R. (Jack) Galvin:
Longtime mentor to Petraeus. Petraeus served as Galvin's aide-de-camp while he commanded the 24th Infantry Division, then served as Galvin's military assistant while he was supreme Allied commander in Europe.
Major Jim Gant:
Special Forces operator whose paper
One Tribe at a Time: A Strategy for Success in Afghanistan
influenced Petraeus's thinking on the Afghan Local Police program.
Ambassador Simon Gass:
NATO's senior civilian representative in Afghanistan (April 2011âpresent).
Robert Gates:
U.S. secretary of Defense (December 2006âJuly 2011).
Senator Lindsey Graham (RâS.C.):
Member of the Armed Services Committee and an Air Force Reserve colonel who has served multiple short drill periods in Iraq and Afghanistan working on law-of-armed-conflict issues.
Colonel Bill Hickman:
Petraeus's executive officer in Afghanistan.
Richard Holbrooke:
Special representative for Afghanistan and Pakistan, former U.S. ambassador to the UN.
Chief Warrant Officer Four Mark Howell:
Head of Petraeus's personal security detachment (PSD).
Hamid Karzai:
President of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan.
General (Retired) Jack Keane:
Mentor to Petraeus, former vice chief of staff of the Army.
David Kilcullen:
Australian-American defense intellectual and COIN theorist, key adviser to Petraeus during the Iraq surge.
Ambassador Hans Klemm:
Coordinating director of Rule of Law and Law Enforcement, U.S. Embassy, Kabul, Afghanistan (July 2010âpresent).
Peggy Knowlton:
Petraeus's mother-in-law.
General William A. Knowlton:
Petraeus's father-in-law, superintendent of West Point when Petraeus was a cadet there.
Senator Carl Levin (DâMich.):
Chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee; ex-officio member of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence.
Senator Joe Lieberman (Ind.âConn.):
Senior member of the Armed Services Committee.
Major Fernando Lujan:
Adviser, ISAF Counterinsurgency Advisory and Assistance Team.
Lieutenant General (Retired) Douglas E. Lute:
National Security Staff coordinator for Afghanistan-Pakistan policy.
Nouri al-Maliki:
Prime minister of Iraq (May 2006âpresent).
Brigadier General Mark S. Martins:
Commander, NATO Rule of Law Field Support Mission; commander, Rule of Law Field Support MissionâAfghanistan. Worked in Afghanistan in various roles in CJIATF-435 from October 2009 to September 2011.
Senator John McCain (RâAriz.):
Senior member of the Armed Services Committee; ex-officio member of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence.
General (Retired) Stanley A. McChrystal:
Commander of USFORâA/ISAF (June 2010âJune 2011).
General (Retired) David McKiernan:
General McChrystal's predecessor, commander of ISAF from June 2008 to June 2009.
Brigadier General H. R. McMaster:
Director of Combined Joint Interagency Task ForceâShafafiyat, author of
Dereliction of Duty
, Petraeus acolyte.
Colonel Mike Meese:
ISAF deputy chief of staff (August 2010âJuly 2011), head of Social Sciences Department at West Point, Petraeus's peer at Princeton.
Brigadier General Scott Miller:
Commander, Combined Forces Special Operations Component CommandâAfghanistan (March 2009âJune 2011).
Haji Shah Mohammed:
Arghandab District governor during Operation Dragon Strike.
Saad Mohseni:
Founder of Tolo TV and CEO of its parent organization, Moby Group.
Admiral Mike Mullen:
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (October 2007âSeptember 2011).
Lieutenant Colonel (Retired) John Nagl:
Counterinsurgency theorist and Petraeus acolyte. President of CNAS.
General Mohammad Naim:
Kandahar's chief of the National Directorate of Security during Operation Dragon Strike.
Colonel (Retired) Keith Nightingale:
Longtime mentor of Petraeus, who served under him in Vicenza, Italy, as a second lieutenant. Nightingale had commanded a company in the 1/75th Rangers when Petraeus first met him. He later served as a leader of the Iran Hostage Rescue Mission and the Grenada invasion and helped form the Army Ranger Regiment.
Barack Obama:
President of the United States of America.
Michael O'Hanlon:
Defense analyst at the Brookings Institution.
Lieutenant Colonel (Retired) Douglas Ollivant:
Senior civilian adviser in Regional Command East for the Counterinsurgency Advisory and Assistance Team and former Army officer who worked closely with Petraeus during the surge in Iraq.
Mullah Mohammed Omar:
Leader of the Afghan Taliban movement.
Colonel Bill Ostlund:
One of Petraeus's platoon leaders when he commanded the 3rd Battalion, 187th Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division.
Leon Panetta:
Director of Central Intelligence (February 2009âJune 2011), U.S. secretary of Defense (July 2011âpresent).
Anne Petraeus:
The general's daughter.
Hollister “Holly” Knowlton Petraeus:
Wife of General Petraeus.
Miriam Howell Petraeus:
Petraeus's mother.
Sixtus Petraeus:
Petraeus's father, a Dutch sea captain.
Stephen Petraeus:
Petraeus's son, an infantry platoon leader in Wardak Province with the 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team.
Robert Pittman:
Retired master sergeant who worked as an adviser for the Asymmetric Warfare Group. Died from wounds suffered in an attack in Kandahar Province on July 30, 2010, during the Battle for Bakersfield.
Anders Fogh Rasmussen:
NATO secretary general.
Colonel Abdul Raziq:
Key leader in the Afghan Border Police. Later would become interim Kandahar provincial chief of police after a Taliban assassination.
Lieutenant General David M. Rodriguez:
Commander, ISAF Joint Command (March 2010âJuly 2011).
Donald Rumsfeld:
U.S. secretary of Defense (November 1975âJanuary 1977; January 2001âDecember 2006).
Mohammed Zia Salehi:
Chief of administration for the Afghan National Security Council.
Ambassador Mark Sedwill:
NATO's senior civilian representative in Afghanistan (February 2010âApril 2011).
Captain Andrew Shaffer:
One of Lieutenant Colonel Flynn's company commanders in the 1st Battalion, 320th Field Artillery Regiment, 101st Airborne Division.
Rear Admiral Gregory J. Smith:
ISAF deputy chief of staff for communications (June 2009âFebruary 2011).
Specialist Michael L. Stansbery:
Soldier of the 1st Battalion, 320th Field Artillery Regiment, 101st Airborne Division, who died from wounds suffered in an IED attack on his unit in Kandahar Province on July 30, 2010, during the Battle for Bakersfield.
Sergeant Kyle B. Stout:
Soldier of the 1st Battalion, 320th Field Artillery Regiment, 101st Airborne Division, who died from wounds suffered in an IED attack on his unit in Kandahar Province on July 30, 2010, during the Battle for Bakersfield.
Lieutenant Colonel J. B. Vowell:
Commanded 2nd Battalion, 327th Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division; deployed in Kunar Province, along the Pakistan border, during Operation Strong Eagle I.
General (Retired) Carl Vuono:
Chief of staff of the Army (June 1987âJune 1991). Petraeus served as Vuono's aide-de-camp and assistant executive officer during this time.
Haji Sayed Fazlullah Wahidi:
Kunar provincial governor during Operation Strong Eagle.
Chris White:
Petraeus's roommate at West Point.