Allende’s Chile and the Inter-American Cold War (62 page)

25.
“Gigantesco Recibimiento Popular al Presidente Allende,”
Granma
, 10 December 1972.

26.
Letter, Castro to Allende, 4 February 1972, in Castro, “Salvador Allende: His Example Lives On.”

27.
Oficio, Rojas Pizarro to Señor Ministro, 20 December 1972, Oficios Conf./Cuba/1972/AMRE.

28.
Castro, Speech at the Plaza de la Revolución, Havana, 13 December 1972, published as “Castro Allende Exchange Speeches,” CSD.

29.
Ibid.

30.
Soto interviews.

31.
Allende, Speech at the Plaza de la Revolución, Havana, 13 December 1972, published as “Castro Allende Exchange Speeches,” CSD.

32.
Oficio, Rojas to Señor Ministro, 20 December 1972, Oficios Conf./Cuba/1972/AMRE.

33.
Airgram, Rojas to MRE, 14 November 1972, Aerograms Conf./Cuba/1972/AMRE.

34.
Informe del Intercambio Comercial Chileno-Cubano, no date, c. 1972, CMSA; and Carta Personal, Vega to Almeyda, 6 July 1972, CMSA.

35.
Interview with Vega,
Bohemia
, as quoted in Oficio, Gonzalo Rojas to Señor Ministro, 31 October 1972, Oficios Conf./Cuba/1972/AMRE.

36.
Telegrams, Davis to SecState, 13 and 18 December 1972, box 2193/RG59/NARA.

37.
“Minuta,” [U.S.-Chilean Talks, 20–23 December 1972, Washington], 26 December 1972, MINREL 1961–1971/Memorandos Políticos/AMRE.

38.
“Minutas de Conversaciones Sostenidas Entre Delegaciones de Chile y Los Estados Unidas: 20, 21 y 22 de diciembre de 1972, Departamento de Estado Washington DC,” c. 23 December 1972, Oficios Conf./E./R./EEUU/1972/AMRE.

39.
Prizel,
Latin America through Soviet Eyes
, 164.

40.
Briefing on Chile Elections, CIA, 1 March 1973, CDP-CIA; and Memorandum for Deputy Director for Plans, 18 November 1972, CDP-CIA.

41.
Memorandum, Rogers to Nixon, 15 November 1972, box 2193/RG59/NARA.

42.
“Minutas de Conversaciones Sostenidas Entre Delegaciones de Chile y Los Estados Unidas,” c. 23 December 1972.

43.
Ibid., and “Minuta,” 26 December 1972.

44.
Memorandum, MRE, 3 January 1973, Memorandos/Dirección de Asuntos Juridicos 1971–1980/AMRE. On the importance of keeping Paris Club creditors on Chile’s side, see Circular Telex, MRE to Embachile Paris Club countries, 16 January 1973, Telex E./EEUU/1973/AMRE.

45.
Telex, Letelier to MRE, 30 January 1973, Telex R: 1–400/EEUU/1973/AMRE.

46.
Telex, Letelier to Almeyda, 17 January 1973, Telex R: 1–400, EEUU/1973/AMRE; and Telex, MRE to Embachile Washington, 5 February 1973 Telex E./EEUU/1973/AMRE.

47.
Telegram, Davis to SecState, 21 February 1973, box 2196/RG59/NARA.

48.
Airgram, Davis to DOS, 24 January 1973, box 2196/RG59/NARA.

49.
Telegram, Davis to SecState, 21 February 1973.

50.
Allende as quoted by Phillipe Mengin (architect) in Memorandum of Conversation, Mengin and Judd L. Kessler (Regional Legal Advisor), 23 January 1973, enclosure, Airgram, Davis to DOS, 30 January 1973, box 2197/RG59/NARA.

51.
Soviet Foreign Ministry Report, O. Grek, 21 February 1973, in Ulianova, “La Unidad Popular y el Golpe Militar,” 104–5.

52.
Telegram, Davis to SecState, 1 March 1973, box 2196/RG59/NARA.

53.
Airgram, Chief, WHD, to COS, Santiago, 12 January 1973, and Cable, COS, Santiago, to Chief, WHD, 13 February 1973, CDP-CIA.

54.
Cable, CIA Station, Santiago, to CIA HQ, 8 February 1973, CDP-CIA; Memorandum, James Gardner (INR) to William McAfee (INR), 27 February 1973, CDP-NSC; Memorandum, Chief, WHD, to DCI, 29 March 1973, CDP-CIA; Information Report, CIA, 28 February 1973, CDP-CIA; Cable, Chief, WHD, to COS, 14 March 1973, CDP-CIA; and Cable, CIA HQ to CIA Station, Santiago, 6 February 1973, CDP-CIA.

55.
Record of Conversation, HQ Officers and Davis, 10 January 1973, Cable, CIA HQ to CIA Station, Santiago, 10 January 1973, CDP-CIA.

56.
Airgram, COS, Santiago, to Chief, WHD, 21 February 1973, CDP-CIA.

57.
Central Intelligence Bulletin, Directorate of Intelligence, 22 February 1973, and Intelligence Report, CIA, 28 February 1973, CDP-CIA.

58.
Cable, Chief, WHD, to COS, Santiago, 14 March 1973, CDP-CIA.

59.
Telegram, Davis to SecState, 6 March 1973, box 2196/RG59/NARA. Martínez Corbalá,
Instantes de Decisión
, 78, and Bautista Yofre,
Misión Argentina
, 325.

60.
Telegram, Davis to SecState, 23 March 1973, box 2194/RG59/NARA; and Memorandum Chief, WHD, to DCI, 29 March 1973, CDP-CIA.

61.
Record of Conversation, Davis and Frei, 15 March 1973, Telegram, Davis to SecState, 16 March 1973, box 2196/RG59/NARA.

62.
Telegram, Davis to SecState, 23 March 1973.

63.
“Ahora mas que nunca avanzar sin transar,”
Las Noticias de Ultima Hora
, 9 March 1973, Gonzalez Pino and Fontaine Talavera,
Mil Días (I)
, 600.

64.
Report, Soviet Foreign Ministry, 16 March 1973, as quoted in Ulianova, “La Unidad Popular y el Golpe Militar,” 104.

65.
Memorandum of Conversation, Claudio Huepe (PDC Deputy) and Arnold Isaacs (U.S. Embassy), 14 March 1973, enclosure, Airgram, Davis to DOS, 30 March 1973, box 2194/RG59/NARA.

66.
Cable, CIA Station to DCI, 26 April 1973, CDP-CIA.

67.
CIA Memorandum, 30 June 1973, CDP-CIA.

68.
Cable, COS, Santiago, to DCI, 14 March 1973, CDP-CIA.

69.
Telegram, Davis to Rogers, 23 March 1973.

70.
Cable, COS to DCI, 14 March 1973.

71.
Memorandum for Chief, WHD, 17 April 1973, CDP-CIA.

72.
Memorandum, CIA, 31 March 1973, CDP-CIA.

73.
Memorandum for Chief, WHD, 17 April 1973.

74.
Covert Action in Chile
, 38.

75.
Quiroga,
Compañeros
, 88.

76.
Corvalán,
Gobierno de Salvador Allende
, 215.

77.
Allende as quoted in “No ocultamos las horas dificiles que tengamos que vivir,”
Las Ultimas Noticias
, 28 March 1973, in; Gonzalez Pino and Fontaine Talavera,
Mil Días (I)
, 610–11.

78.
Report, Soviet Foreign Ministry, 16 March 1973, as quoted in Ulianova, “La Unidad Popular y el Golpe Militar,” 105.

79.
Pravda
as quoted in Telegram, Dubs, Amembassy Moscow to SecState, 26 March 1973, DOS/CFP.

80.
Hart,
Homenaje a Miguel Enríquez
, 2–3.

81.
Rodríguez as quoted in “Discurso en el acto de celebración de los 40 años del Partido Socialista,”
Chile Hoy
, 27 April 1973, in Pérez, “La Izquierda,” 549–50.

82.
Chain interview, and Castro to Honecker, 21 February 1974, as quoted in Skierka,
Castro
, 204.

83.
Suárez interviews.

84.
DIA Intelligence Summary, 28 April 1973, CDP-DOD.

85.
Quiroga,
Compañeros
, 91–92.

86.
Haslam,
Assisted Suicide
, 165, and Prats,
Memorias
, 378–79.

87.
Prats,
Memorias
, 378–79, and “PDC Rechaza la Escuela Nacional Unificada,”
El Mecurio
, 6 April 1973, Gonzalez Pino and Fontaine Talavera,
Mil Días (I)
, 378–79.

88.
Airgram, Davis to DOS, 9 February 1973, box 2193/RG59/NARA.

89.
Telegram, Davis to SecState, 16 May 1973, DOS/CFP; and NIE, “Chile,” 14 June 1973, CDP-CIA.

90.
DIA Intelligence Summary, 16 March 1973, CDP-DOD; and Prats,
Memorias
, 369.

91.
Oscar Garretón (MAPU) as quoted in Telegram, Davis to SecState, 11 January 1973, and MAPU document as cited in Telegram, Davis to SecState, 1 March 1973, box 2196/RG59/NARA.

92.
Record of Conversation, Davis and Letelier, 31 March 1973, Telegram, Davis to SecState, 31 March 1973, DOS/CFP.

93.
“Minutas de Conversaciones Sostenidas Entre Delegaciones de Chile y Los Estados Unidas,” 20–23 December 1972; “Minutas de Conversaciones Sostenidas Entre Delegaciones de Chile y Los Estados Unidos, 22 y 23 de Marzo de 1973, Departamento de Estado, Washington DC,” c. 24 March 1973, Oficios Conf., E./R./EEUU/1973/AMRE; and Telegram, Rogers to Amembassies, Paris Club Countries, 4 April 1973, DOS/CFP.

94.
“Minutas de Conversaciones Sostenidas Entre Delegaciones de Chile y Los Estados Unidos,” c. 24 March 1973.

95.
On Chilean views of the Senate hearings, see Oficio, Enrique Bernstein, MRE to Chilean missions abroad, 16 May 1973, Oficios Conf., E/R, EEUU/1973/AMRE.

96.
“Minutas de Conversaciones Sostenidas Entre Delegaciones de Chile y Los Estados Unidos,” c. 24 March 1973.

97.
Record of Conversation, Davis and Letelier, 31 March 1973.

98.
Telegram, Rogers to White House, 1 April 1973, DOS/CFP.

99.
Memorandum, “Conversaciones Sostenidas Entre Delegaciones de Chile y Estados Unidos,” 24 March 1973, DIGEN de Pol. Exterior 1961–1979/Memorandos Politicos/AMRE.

100.
Record of Conversation, Davis and Letelier, 31 March 1973.

101.
Telegrams, Rogers to White House, White House to Rogers and Rush, and DOS to Davis, 1 April 1973, DOS/CFP.

102.
Telegram, Rogers to Amembassy Santiago, 13 April 1973, DOS/CFP; and “Memorandum Sobre Conversaciones Sostenidas Entre representantes de Chile y Los Estados Unidos (1),” 27 June 1973, DIGEN de Pol. Exterior 1961–1979/Memorandos Políticos/AMRE.

103.
Allende,
Chile Hoy
, 19 April 1973, as quoted in Telegram, Davis to SecState, 19 April 1973, DOS/CFP.

104.
Telegram, Davis to SecState, 25 July 1973, DOS/CFP.

105.
“Minutas de Conversaciones Sostenidas Entre Delegaciones de Chile y Los Estados Unidas,” c. 24 March 1973.

106.
Oficio, MRE to Embachile Washington, 4 June 1973, Oficios Conf., E./R./EEUU/1973/AMRE.

107.
Almeyda as cited in Telegram, SecState to All American Republic Diplomatic Posts, 7 April 1973, DOS/CFP.

108.
Almeyda, April 1973, as quoted in Sater,
Chile and the United States
, 168.

109.
Telegram, SecState to All American Republic Diplomatic Posts, 14 April 1973, DOS/CFP.

110.
Rogers, “Interim Report on Latin American Trip,” as paraphrased in Memorandum, Brent Scowcroft to Nixon, 22 May 1973, box 953/NSCF/NPMP.

111.
Handwritten note, Nixon to Rogers, 23 May 1973, box 953/NSCF/NPMP.

112.
Rogers, “Interim Report on Latin American Trip,” as paraphrased in Memorandum, Brent Scowcroft to Nixon, 22 May 1973.

113.
Rogers as quoted in Memorandum, Kissinger to Nixon, 28 May 1973, box 953/NSCF/NPMP.

114.
Memorandum of Conversation, Rogers, Kubisch, and Allende, Chilean embassy, Buenos Aires, 25 May 1973, Telegram, SecState to Amembassy Santiago, 29 May 1973, box 953/NSCF/NPMP.

115.
Ibid.

116.
Memorandum, “La gira del Secretario de Estado, William Rogers por America Latina,” enclosure, Oficio, MRE to Embachile, Washington, 19 June 1973, and Oficio, Letelier to Señor Ministro, 24 April 1973, Oficios Conf., E./R./EEUU/1973/AMRE.

117.
Telex, Letelier to Embachile, Washington, 28 May 1973, Telex E./EEUU/1973/AMRE; Huidobro interviews; and Uribe,
Black Book
, 150.

118.
Memorandum of Conversation, Rogers, Kubisch, and Allende, Chilean embassy, Buenos Aires, 25 May 1973.

119.
Oficio, MRE to Embachile, Washington, 4 June 1973, Oficios Conf., E./R./EEUU/1973/AMRE.

120.
Luis Herrera as quoted in Telegram, Belcher, Amembassy Lima, to SecState, 12 July 1973, DOS/CFP; and Records of Conversation, Davis and Letelier, 10 July 1973, Telegram, Davis to SecState, 10 July 1973, and Memorandum Confidencial, enclosure, Oficio, MRE to Embachile, 10 July 1973, Oficios Conf., E./R./EEUU/1973/AMRE.

121.
Telegram, Belcher to SecState, 12 July 1973, DOS/CFP.

122.
Telegram, Belcher to SecState, “OAS Special Committee: Wrap-up of Subcommittee Three (Structure),” 15 July 1973, DOS/CFP.

123.
Telegram, Belcher to SecState, “OAS Special Committee: Preliminary Observations about Just Concluded Lima Meeting,” 15 July 1973, DOS/CFP.

124.
Telegram, Brewin, Amembassy La Paz, to SecState, 10 August 1973, DOS/CFP.

125.
Telegram, SecState to Amembassy Brasilia, 9 August 1973, DOS/CFP. On U.S.-Brazilian cooperation in an inter-American setting and President Médici’s communication with Washington about standing “firm” against the possibility of lifting sanctions against Cuba, see Memorandum for Kissinger from Scowcroft, 9 March 1973, The Nixon Presidential Library and Museum, “December 9, 2010, Materials Release.”

126.
Record of Conversation, Rogers and Velasco Alvarado, 16 May 1973, Telegram, Amconsul Rio de Janeiro to SecState, 19 May 1973, DOS/CFP.

127.
Allende as quoted by Huidobro. Huidobro interview, 18 October 2004.

128.
Sigmund,
Multinationals
, 167.

129.
NIE, “Chile,” 14 June 1973.

130.
Airgram, Davis to DOS, 13 June 1973, box 2193/RG59/NARA. Emphasis added.

131.
Ismael Huerta Díaz, c. July 1973, as quoted in Fermandois,
Mundo y Fin de Mundo
, 357.

132.
Merino as quoted by Roberto Kelly, in Arancibia Claval,
Conversando con Roberto Kelly
, 138.

1.
Arancibia Claval,
Conversando con Roberto Kelly
, 144–47.

2.
Telcon, Kissinger and Nixon, 16 September 1973, box 22/HAK Telcons/NSCF/NPMP.