Americans in Paris: Life & Death Under Nazi Occupation (74 page)

BOOK: Americans in Paris: Life & Death Under Nazi Occupation
12.51Mb size Format: txt, pdf, ePub
p. 416 Rather than pay
‘American Library in Paris Intact’,
Library Journal
, vol. 70, no. 1, February 1945, p. 111.
p. 417 Along with Aldebert
‘Member of Pioneer Family Dies in France’,
Cincinnati Times Star
, 2 June 1945. ‘Mme. De Chambrun Dies in Paris at 80’,
New York Times
, 2 June 1945, p. 31.
p. 417 ‘On the morning’
Letter from Phillip Jackson, 8–10 May 1945, written at Neustadt, Holstein, Germany, in Massachusetts General Hospital Archives, Dr Sumner Jackson file.
p. 418 ‘I want you to know
Letter from Charlotte Jackson to Freda Swensen, 18 July 1945, Massachusetts General Hospital Archives, Dr Sumner Jackson file.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Fluctura nec mergitur.
(It wavers but does not sink.)
Official motto of Paris
 
LARRY COLLINS, whose offer to be a mentor of this book was quickly accepted, deserves special thanks. If he had lived long enough to go over the manuscript with the master’s red pencil, it would have been infinitely improved. No one wrote a better book on Paris at the conclusion of the German occupation than his and Dominique Lapierre’s
Is Paris Burning?
It is my regret that I must thank him posthumously for his good will and inspiration.
I must offer exceptional thanks to Priscilla Rattazzi and Stanley and Lisa Weiss, without whose friendship and support this book would not have been completed. If I were not dedicating this book to my father, who read the early chapters just before he died, it would be dedicated to them.
In France, I owe much to the Duc and Duchesse de Mouchy, Joan and Philippe, for advice, kindness, hospitality and insights into Franco-American life now and during the war. I must also thank my old friends Jonathan and Geneviève Randal, Julian Nundy, Elizabeth Lennard and Ermanno Corrado for unfailing support and more of their time than they needed to give. I am grateful as well for valuable help from Sarah Kefi, Anna Elliot, Lee Hunnewell, Luke Burnap, Thierry Bertmann, Colette Faus, Michael Neal, Caroline Huot, Rowan Fraser, Sophie Grivet of the René and Josée de Chambrun Foundation, Adele Witt and the rest of the American Library of Paris staff, Rebecca Allaigre of the American Hospital of Paris, Frances Bommart of the American Cathedral, Werner Paravicini of the Institut Historique Allemand, Don and Petie Kladstrup, Madame Claude du Granrut, William Pfaff and Sylvia Beach Whitman of the revived Shakespeare and Company Bookshop.
In Britain, I am grateful to Allan Massie, David Sievewright, Charles and April Fawcett, Edward Venning, Carol Anderson, Laura Cooper of the Royal Institute for International Affairs, Amanda Court and the other staff members of the London Library, the archivists at the National Archives in Kew Gardens and the Travel Bookshop in Notting Hill. My debt to Vera Tussing for rendering German documents into impeccable English is considerable.
In the United States, my profound thanks must go to one of the world’s finest researchers, who should soon be producing books of her own, Cora Currier. My gratitude extends to Nancy Smith and Susan Boone of the Sophie Smith Collection at the Smith College Library, Chris and Jennifer Isham, Mary Kathryn Cox, Mrs Mary Alice Burke, Elaine Krikorian, Svetlana Katz, Giselle Remy Brachter of the Craig Lloyd/Eugene Bullard Collection at the Columbia State University Archives, Ayuna Haruun of the
Chicago Defender
, Rob Warden, Douglas Spitzer, Dolores Kennedy, Pegeen Bassett, Elizabeth L. Garver of the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center at the University of Texas at Austin, Mary Miller of the American Library Association Archives at the University of Illinois, the staffs of the New York Public Library and the Library of Congress, John Taylor and his fellow archivists at the National Archives at College Park, Maryland, Martha Stone and Jeff Mifflin of Massachusetts General Hospital and John F. Fox, Jr, historian at the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
Jim Christy, who wrote a biography of Charles Bedaux (
The Price of Power
), and Hal Vaughan, biographer of Sumner Jackson (
Doctor to the Resistance
), were exceptionally kind in pointing me towards documents I needed and only they knew about. I owe them favours that I look forward to repaying.
Natasha Grenfell, Laure Boulay and Jasper Guinness exceeded the usual parameters of friendship to grant me congenial surroundings and their delightful company in houses far from the distractions of my confused life. I am beholden as well to Alessandro and Michelle Corsini (and their eight children) for weekends in their Porto Ercole house to revise this book in the garden that inspired Puccini to write ‘Turandot’. My gratitude to them is unbounded but, now, not unstated.
I would also like to mention my children Julia, Edward, George, Hester and Beatrix, and my godchildren, Mia Ross, Laura Gilmour, Charlie Cockburn and Max McCullin, for no other reason than that they are my children and godchildren.
It is usual for writers to show appreciation to their publishers and agents, but this utterance of gratitude is more than pro forma. My lawyers in New York, Steve Sheppard and Michael Kennedy, my New York agent, Tina Bennett, my London agent, Georgina Capel, Ann Godoff of Penguin, Martin Redfern, Michael Upchurch, Minna Fry, Taressa Brennan, Judith House and Richard Johnson of HarperCollins and France Roque of Editions Saint-Simon gave me time, encouragement and sympathy that moved our professional connections into the realm of friendship.
My final acknowledgement must go to the Café Flore, Café La Palette, Café de Tournon (haunt of my literary hero, Joseph Roth) and Bar du Marché in Paris, Caffè Appia Antica and Camilloni a Sant-Eustachio in Rome and the Coffee Plant and the Café Oporto in London, all of whose staffs supplied me with the coffee, ash trays and writing tables that I needed to put this story on paper. No one was better provided with space in which to puzzle out a tale that took a long time to decipher and longer still to tell.
SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books
Allen, Martin.
Hidden Agenda: How the Duke of Windsor Betrayed the Allies
. London: Macmillan, 2000.
Americans in France: A Directory, 1939–1940
. Paris: American Chamber of Commerce in France, 1940.
Aubrac, Lucie.
Outwitting the Gestapo
, translated by Konrad Bieber. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1985.
Beach, Sylvia.
Shakespeare and Company
. London: Faber and Faber, 1960.
Bedaux, Gaston.
La Vie ardente de Charles Bedaux
. Paris: privately published, 3 June 1959.
Berg, Mary (Miriam Wattenberg).
The Diary of Mary Berg: Growing Up in the Warsaw Ghetto
(originally published in English as
Warsaw Ghetto: A Diary
, 1945). Oxford: translation from Polish by Susan Glass, Oneworld, 2006.
Black, Edwin.
IBM and the Holocaust: The Strategic Alliance Between Nazi Germany and America’s Most Powerful Corporation
. New York: Crown Publishers, 2001.
Bove, Dr Charles with Thomas, Dana Lee.
Paris: A Surgeon’s Story
. New York: Little, Brown and Company, 1956.
Brownell, Will and Billings, Richard N.
So Close to Greatness: A Biography of William C. Bullitt
. New York: Macmillan, 1987.
Bullitt, Orville (ed.).
For the President, Personal and Secret: Correspondence Between Franklin D. Roosevelt and William C. Bullitt
. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1972.
Carisella, P. J. and Ryan, James W.
The Black Swallow of Death
. Boston: Marlborough House, 1972.
Christy, Jim.
The Price of Power: A Biography of Charles Eugene Bedaux
. New York: Doubleday and Company, 1984.
Cole, Hubert.
Laval: A Biography
. London: Heinemann, 1963.
Collier, Peter.
1940: The World in Flames
.London: Hamish Hamilton, 1979.
Collins, Larry and Lapierre, Dominique.
Is Paris Burning?
New York: Simon and Schuster, 1965.
Cowles, Virginia.
Looking for Trouble
. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1941.
d’Albert-Lake, Virginia.
An American Heroine in the French Resistance: The Diary and Memoir of Virginia d’Albert-Lake
, ed. Judy Barrett Litoff. New York: Fordham University Press, 2006.
de Brinon, Fernand.
Mémoires
. Paris: La P. Internationale, 1949.
de Chambrun, Adolphe.
Impressions of Lincoln and the Civil War: A Foreigner’s Account
, trans. General Adlebert de Chambrun. New York: Random House, 1952.
de Chambrun, René.
Mission and Betrayal
,
I Saw France Fall: Will She Rise Again?
New York: William Morrow and Company, 1940.
de Chambrun, René.
Sorti du rang
. Paris: Atelier Marcel Jullian, 1980.
de Chambrun, René.
Pierre Laval: Traitor or Patriot?
New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1984.
de Chambrun, René.
Mission and Betrayal, 1940–1945: Working with Franklin Roosevelt to Help Save Britain and Europe
. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1992.
de Saint-Exupéry, Antoine.
Wartime Writings, 1939–1944
. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, 1986.
Fabre, Marc-André.
Dans les prisons de Vichy
. Paris: Albin Michel, 1995.
Fitch, Noel Riley.
Sylvia Beach and the Lost Generation: A History of Literary Paris in the Twenties and Thirties
. New York: W. W. Norton and Company, 1983.
Flanner, Janet.
Janet Flanner’s World: Uncollected Writings 1932–1975
. London: Secker and Warburg, 1980.
France During the German Occupation, 1940–1944: A Collection of 292 Statements on the Government of Maréchal Pétain and Pierre Laval
, trans. from French by Philip W. Whitcomb. Palo Alto, CA: The Hoover Institution, Stanford University, three volumes, 1957. French edition
La Vie de la France sous L’Occupation (1940–1944)
. Paris: Librarie Plon for Institut Hoover, 1957.
Gallup, Donald (ed.).
The Flowers of Friendship: Letters Written to Gertrude Stein
. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1953.
Gildea, Robert.
Marianne in Chains: In Search of the German Occupation of France, 1940–1945
. New York: Macmillan, 2002.
Gilliam, Florence.
France: A Tribute by an America Woman
. New York: E. P. Dutton and Company, 1945.
Griffiths, Frank.
Winged Hours
. London: William Kimber, 1981.
Hardwick, C. M.
Time Study in Treason: Charles E. Bedaux, Patriot or Collaborator
, Chelmsford: Peter Horsnell, undated … probably 1990.
Heller, Gerhard.
Un Allemand à Paris
. Paris: Editions du Seuil, 1981.
Husser, Beate.
Le Camp de Royallieu à Compiègne: Etude historique
. Paris: Fondation pour la Mémoire de la Déportation, September 2001.
Irving, David.
Hitler’s War and the War Path, 1933–1945
. London: Focal Point, 1991.
Jackson, Julian.
France: The Dark Years 1940–1944
. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Jucker, Ninetta.
Curfew in Paris: A Record of the German Occupation
. London: The Hogarth Press, 1960.
Kennan, George.
Sketches from a Life
. New York: Pantheon Books, 1989.
Kenward, H. R.
Occupied France: Collaboration and Resistance, 1940–1944
. Oxford: Blackwell, 1985.
Kernan, Thomas.
Paris on Berlin Time
. Philadelphia and New York: J. P. Lippincott Company, 1941.
Kladstrup, Don and Petie.
Wine and War
. New York: Broadway Books, 2001.
Koestler, Arthur.
The Scum of the Earth
. London: Cape, 1941. Reprinted Eland Books, 1991.
Koestler, Arthur.
The Invisible Writing
, vol. II of
Arrow in the Blue
, London: Collins with Hamish Hamilton, 1954.
Lagard, Dorothy.
American Hospital of Paris: A Century of Adventure, 1906–2006
. Paris: Le Cherche-Midi, 2006.
Langeron, Roger.
Paris, juin 1940
. Paris: Flammarion, 1946.
Larkin, Maurice.
France since the Popular Front: Government and People, 1936–1996
. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998.
Laval, Pierre.
The Unpublished Diary of Pierre Laval
, introduction Josée Laval, Countess R. de Chambrun. London: Falcon Press, 1948.
Leahy, Fleet Admiral William D.
I Was There: The Personal Story of the Chief of Staff to Presidents Roosevelt and Truman Based on his Notes and Diaries Made at the Time
. London: Victor Gollancz, 1950.
Léautaud, Paul.
Journal littéraire
, Paris: Mercure de France, vol. XIII, Feb. 1940–June 1941, 1962 and vol. XV, Nov. 1942–June 1944, 1963.
Liebling, A. J.
The Road Back to Paris
. London: Michael Joseph, 1944.
Lloyd, Craig.
Eugene Bullard: Black Expatriate in Jazz-Age Paris
. Athens, GA and London: University of Georgia Press, 2000.
Longworth de Chambrun, Clara.
Shadows Like Myself
. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1936.
Longworth de Chambrun, Clara.
Shadows Lengthen: The Story of My Life
. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1949.
Lottman, Herbert.
Pétain: Hero or Traitor: The Untold Story
. New York: William Morrow and Company, 1985.
Lottman, Herbert.
The Fall of Paris: June 1940
. London: Sinclair-Stevenson, 1992.
Loyer, Emmanuelle.
Paris à New York: Intellectuels et artistes français en exil 1940–1947
. Paris: Bernard Grasset, 2005.
Manville, Roger and Fraenkel, Heinrich.
The July Plot: The Attempt on Hitler’s Life in July 1944
. London: The Bodley Head, 1964.
Marrus, Michael R. and Paxton, Robert O.
Vichy France and the Jews
. New York: Basic Books, 1981.

Other books

Heaven in His Arms by Lisa Ann Verge
The Subtle Beauty by Hunter, Ann
Unmistakable by Abrams, Lauren
Zombocalypse Now by Matt Youngmark
Don't Tell A Soul by Tiffany L. Warren
The Golden Season by Brockway, Connie
Murder Follows Money by Lora Roberts
Secret Weapons by Zilpha Keatley Snyder
Bad Blood by Aline Templeton