Ansel Adams (69 page)

 
13
       James Alinder, “Ansel Adams: A Chronology,” in Melinda Wortz,
Ansel Adams: Fiat Lux
(Irvine, Calif.: The Regents of the University of California, 1991), 101.

 
14
       Nancy Newhall, “Additions to Ansel Adams Chronology,” CCP.

 
15
       San Francisco Directory, 1870 (San Francisco: H. S. Crocker, 1870), San Francisco Public Library.

 
16
       J. Alinder, “A Chronology,” 101.

 
17
       San Francisco City Directory, 1886 (San Francisco: H. S. Crocker, 1886), San Francisco Public Library.

 
18
       William Issel and Robert W. Cherny,
San Francisco, 1865–1932
(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986), 132.

 
19
       “Death Summons Another Pioneer,” undated obituary notice for William J. Adams, copied in undated typewritten notes by Nancy Newhall and in notes about the Adams family history, CCP. William Adams’s streetcar line was probably bought out in 1885 by San Francisco’s powerful Big Four—Leland Stanford, Charles Crocker, Collis Huntington, and Mark Hopkins—who had all been merchants in Sacramento before moving to San Francisco, where they monopolized the city’s public transportation. Issel and Cherny,
San Francisco, 1865–1932
, 30.

 
20
       N. Newhall,
Eloquent Light
, 22–23.

 
21
       Anne Adams Helms,
“
Charles Hitchcock Adams,”
The Descendants of William James Adams and Cassandra Hills Adams
(Salinas, Calif.: Anne Adams Helms, 1999), 176–195.

 
22
       Ibid. See also notes 1 and 2.

 
23
       Virginia Adams, interview with James Alinder, August 26–27, 1994, Carmel, tape recording.

 
24
       A. Adams with M. Alinder,
Autobiography
, 4–5.

 
25
       Virginia Adams interview.

 
26
       Issel and Cherney,
San Francisco, 1865–1932
, 66; and Helms, “Charles Hitchcock Adams,”
The Descendants of William James Adams and Cassandra Hills Adams
, 181. Ollie miscarried a son in 1897. This child was not buried at the family plot in the Cypress Hill Cemetery in Colma, California, which suggests that Olive may have miscarried relatively early in her pregnancy, though late enough that the fetus’s sex was evident. For the first three years of their marriage, Charlie and Ollie lived at Fair Oaks in Menlo Park. In 1899, they moved to 3049 Washington Street in San Francisco, which they rented for forty dollars a month, and then relocated to 114 Maple in 1900. Nancy Newhall’s notes for
The Eloquent Light
,
CCP. The nickname “Carlie” is explained in N. Newhall,
Eloquent Light
, 23.

 
27
       Charles Adams to Ansel Adams, March 25, 1944, CCP; and Helms, “Charles Hitchcock Adams,”
The Descendants of William James Adams and Cassandra Hills Adams
, 177–195.

 
28
       Ansel Adams interview.

 
29
       Ibid.

 
30
       N. Newhall,
Eloquent Light
, 23.

 
31
       Following heavy rains, on December 11, 1995, a huge sinkhole suddenly appeared, swallowing up the Norfolk Island pine and the house next door, stopping just shy of Ansel’s former home.

 
32
       Charlie was only wrong for less than one hundred years. That ground was indeed not safe. It was the house that disappeared in a 1995 sinkhole.

 
33
       Ansel Adams, interview with Nancy Newhall, May 10 and 13, 1947, CCP.

 
34
       A. Adams with M. Alinder,
Autobiography
, 13–14.

 
35
       N. Newhall, “Additions to Adams Chronology,” CCP.

 
36
       N. Newhall,
Eloquent Light
, 27.

 
37
       Charles Adams, interview with Nancy Newhall, May 18, 1947, CCP.

 
38
       Ron Chernow,
The House of Morgan
(New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1990), 121–130.

 
39
       N. Newhall, Notes about Adams Family History, CCP.

 
40
       N. Newhall, “Additions to Adams Chronology,” CCP.

 
41
       Ansel Adams to Aunt Mary, August 21, 1911, transcribed by Nancy Newhall, CCP.

 
42
       R. G. Aitken, “In Memoriam, Charles Hitchcock Adams, 1868–1951,”
Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific
63 (December 1951): 283–284. The credit given to C. H. Adams for the invention of the process of alcohol extraction from sawdust may not be deserved; there are some indications that he in fact secured the U.S. rights to a Swedish process.

 
43
       A. Adams with M. Alinder,
Autobiography
, 40.

 
44
       Helms,
The Descendants of William James Adams and Cassandra Hills Adams
, 184–191; N. Newhall, Notes about Adams Family History, CCP.

 
45
       Ansel Adams, “Conversations with Ansel Adams,” an oral history conducted 1972, 1974, 1975 by Ruth Teiser and Catherine Harroun, Regional Oral History Office, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley, 1978, 11. This interview was conducted in twenty-six sessions between May 12, 1972, and February 23, 1975.

 
46
       Virginia Adams interview.

 
47
       Charles Adams to Ansel Adams, October 8, 1912, CCP.

 
48
       Adams with M. Alinder,
Autobiography
, 41.

 
49
       Aitken, “In Memoriam, Charles Hitchcock Adams,” 285.

 
50
       F. J. Gould, ed.,
The Children’s Plutarch
(New York and London: Harper & Bros., 1910).

 
51
       These books, inscribed by Aunt Mary to Ansel, were in the Adams family library in Carmel Highlands. A. Adams, “Conversations,” 165. Courtesy of The Bancroft Library.

 
52
       Brooks Atkinson,
The Selected Writings of Ralph Waldo Emerson
(New York: The Modern Library, 1968), xx.

 
53
       Alfred Kazin and Daniel Aaron, eds.,
Emerson
(New York: Dell, 1958), 56–57.

 
54
       Emerson’s importance for Charlie was made clear to me by Ansel in many conversations we had over the years, and it was evident, as well, in those of his father’s books that were still in his possession.

 
55
       Susan Jacoby,
The Great Agnostic, Robert Ingersoll and American Freethought
(New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2013); “Robert Green Ingersoll,”
Bulletin
(San Francisco: April 20, 1896).

 
56
       Robert G. Ingersoll,
The Ghosts and Other Lectures
(Washington, D.C.: C. P. Farrell, 1881).

 
57
       “Robert Green Ingersoll.”

 
58
       A. Adams with M. Alinder,
Autobiography
, 11.

 
59
       Sue Meyer, interview with the author, September 12, 1995.

 
60
       Ansel Adams interview.

 
61
       N. Newhall,
Eloquent Light
, 28.

 
62
       Charles Adams to Cassandra and Cassie Adams, May 17, 1914, excerpt transcribed by Nancy Newhall, CCP.

 
63
       Anthony Storr,
Music and the Mind
(Riverside, N.J.: Free Press, 1992).

 
64
       Donna Ewald and Peter Clute,
San Francisco Invites the World
(San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 1991).

 
65
       Charles Adams to Ansel Adams, March 25, 1944, CCP.

 
66
       A. Adams, “Conversations,” 28–29. Courtesy of The Bancroft Library.

 
67
       Ewald and Clute,
San Francisco Invites the World
, 74; and Frank Morton Todd,
The Mammoth Typewriter, The Story of the Exposition
(New York: Putnam, 1921).

 
68
       A. Adams with M. Alinder,
Autobiography
, 19–21.

 
69
       Ben Macomber,
The Jewel City
(San Francisco and Tacoma: John H. Williams, 1915), 107.

 
70
       Beaumont Newhall,
The History of Photography
(New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1964), 109.

 
71
       Todd, “Books, Music, and Art,”
The Story of the Exposition
, 96; and
James Alinder, “Ansel Adams, American Artist,” in
Ansel Adams: Classic Images
(Boston: Little, Brown, 1985), 8.

 
72
       Ben Macomber, “Weird Pictures at P.P.I.E. Art Gallery Reveal Artistic Brainstorms,”
San Francisco Chronicle Sunday Magazine
, August 8, 1915.

 
73
       Bruce Altschuler,
The Avant Garde in Exhibition
(New York: Abrams, 1994), 68.
In the Gallery of the New Art
, Todd,
The Story of the Exposition
. A photograph of the Futurist installation at the Panama-Pacific Exposition appears in this book.

 
74
       Todd, “Within the Place of Fine Arts,”
The Story of the Exposition
, 25.

 
75
       Ansel Adams to Margaret O. Copeland, February 10, 1916. Author’s collection. My husband, Jim, bought this letter and crayon drawing from an antiques dealer in Maine and surprised me with it as a Valentine’s gift in 2012.

 
76
       A. Adams, “Conversations,” 29.

 
77
       Charles Adams interview, CCP.

2. YOSEMITE

 
1
       J. M. Hutchings,
In the Heart of the Sierras
(Boston: W. H. Thompson, 1887). The Spanish word
sierra
refers to one mountain range; Hutchings’s addition of the letter
s
is incorrect.

 
2
       Donna Ewald and Peter Clute,
San Francisco Invites the World
(San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 1991), 94.

 
3
       Shirley Sargent,
Yosemite: The First 100 Years, 1890–1990
(Yosemite National Park: Yosemite Park and Curry Company, 1988), 10–12.

 
4
       Linda Wedel Greene,
Yosemite: The Park and Its Resources
(Yosemite National Park: U.S. Department of the Interior/National Park Service, 1987), 2.

 
5
       Alfred Runte,
Yosemite: The Embattled Wilderness
(Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, 1990), 10.

 
6
       Quoted in Hutchings,
In the Heart of the Sierras
, 56–57.

 
7
       Jim DaleDale Vickery,
Wilderness Visionaries
(Merrillville, Ind.: ICS Books, 1986), 65.

 
8
       Paul Brooks, “Yosemite: The Seeing Eye and the Written Word,” in Ansel Adams,
Yosemite and the Range of Light
(Boston: New York Graphic Society, 1979), 19.

 
9
       Runte,
Yosemite: The Embattled Wilderness
, 12; Greene,
Yosemite: The Park and Its Resources
, 22–23.

 
10
       Sargent,
Yosemite: The First 100 Years
, 19.