Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era (187 page)

Lamar, Charles A. L.,
103

Lamar, L. Q. C.,
116
,
310

Lamon, Ward H.,
269

Lane, James,
292

Lane, Joseph,
222

Lawrence, Abbott,
21

Lawrence, Amos A.,
120
,
145

Lawrence (Kansas): sack of (1856),
148
–49,
153

   massacre at (1863),
786

Leavitt, Joshua,
62

Lecompte, Samuel,
148

Ledlie, James H.,
759
–60

Lee, Fitzhugh,
733

Lee, Robert E.,
105
,
276
,
315
,
351
,
366
,
554
,
583
,
617
,
857

   in Mexican War,
4
–5

   and John Brown at Harper's Ferry,
206

   decision to join Confederacy,
280
–82,
393

   campaigns in western Virginia,
300
,
302
–3,
305
,
488

   South Atlantic defenses,
371

   military adviser to Davis,
426
–27,
455

   urges conscription,
430

   Seven Days' battles,
453
,
463
–71,
490
,
511
,
671

   named commander of Army of No. Virginia,
462

   tactics and casualties under his command,
472
,
476

   dislikes Pope,
501

   maneuvers before 2nd Manassas,
524
–26

   and 2nd Manassas battle,
528
–32,
858

   invades Maryland,
534
–39,
546
,
555

   battle of Antietam,
540
–45,
568

   retreats to Virginia,
545
,
556
,
561

   Fredericksburg campaign,
570
–72

   Mud March,
584

   on 1863 military outlook,
625

   willingness to take risks,
627

   invasion of Pa.,
633
,
646
–52

   Chancellorsville campaign and battle,
638
–45

   battle of Gettysburg,
653
–63,
669

   tries to resign,
665

   retreats to Virginia,
666

   maneuvers in Virginia,
681

   purpose and strategy in 1864,
719
,
721

   and Grant's strategy,
722

   and battle of Wilderness,
723
–26

   and Spotsylvania,
728
–33

   strategy of attrition,
734

   and Cold Harbor,
735
–37

   sends Early to the Valley,
739
,
777
,
779

   shift to Petersburg,
740
–41,
743

   opinion of Hood,
753

   and siege of Petersburg,
756
,
759
,
778
,
780
,
808
,
811
,
826
,
830

   refuses to exchange black prisoners,
800

   shortages of rations,
816

   supplies drawn through Wilmington,
819

   cut off by fall of Fort Fisher,
820

   named general in chief,
821

   restores Johnston to command,
828

   endorses arming and freeing slaves,
836

   Fort Stedman attack,
844
–45

   evacuates Petersburg and Richmond,
846

   retreat to Appomattox,
847

   surrender at Appomattox,
684
,
848
–50

   heroic legend,
854

Lemmon v. The People
,
180
–81

Letcher, John,
279
,
280

Letterman, Jonathan K.,
484
–85

Liberty: and antebellum labor protest,
23
–26

   and anti-bank sentiment,
27

   northern and southern conceptions of,
40

   South secedes in name of,
240
–42,
283
–84

   and black slavery as basis of white liberty,
243
–44

   northern response,
244

   Union as embodiment of, and North's fight for,
308
–9

   Confederacy as embodiment and South's fight for,
310
–11,
860
–61

Liberty party,
61
,
62

Lincoln, Abraham,
before Civil War:
free-labor ideology of,
28
,
198

   and Mormons,
45

   on Mexican War,
48

   on slavery,
55
,
127
–29

   in 1848 election,
63

   and
Uncle Tom's Cabin
,
89
–90

   on filibustering,
115

   in 1854 election,
127
,
129
–30

   on nativism,
137
,
141
–42

   debates with Douglas,
178
,
181
–88,
198

   on Dred Scott decision,
178
–81

   house divided speech,
179

   on John Brown,
212

   election of in 1860,
217
–25,
227
–33

   on threats of secession,
230
–31

   on southern unionism,
239

   response to secession,
245
,
247
–50

   opposes compromise,
252
–54

   on "voluntary reconstruction,"
255
–56,
272
n

   formation of cabinet,
259
–61

   inaugural address,
261
–64

   and Fort Sumter crisis,
267
–74

Lincoln, Abraham,
as wartime commander in chief:
279
,
281
,
362
,
441

   calls up militia,
274
–75,
286
,
291
,
318
,
322
,
387

   southern response to militia call,
276
–78,
282

   and border states,
284
–97

   suspends writ of habeas corpus,
287
,
433
–34,
436
,
560

   and
ex parte Merryman
,
288
–89

   and east Tennessee unionism,
304
–5,
456
,
512
–13,
522
,
670

   proclaims blockade,
313
,
355

   and Confederate privateers,
315
–16

   and political generals,
328

   military strategy,
335
–36,
350
,
394
–95

   response to 1st Bull Run,
347
–48

   and Frémont in Missouri,
352
–54,
356

   and McClellan,
359
–60,
364
–65

   discouragement of at end of 1861,
367
–68

   and
Monitor
,
374

   and Grant,
396
,
402
,
414

   McClellan's Peninsula campaign,
423
–26,
454
,
457
,
460

   and U.S. Sanitary Commission,
481
,
482

   reorganizes Union command in East,
488
–89,
502

   calls for new troops,
491
,
555

   removes Buell,
522

   withdraws McClellan from Peninsula,
524
–25

   on Herman Haupt,
527

   restores McClellan's command,
533
–34

   and Antietam,
539
,
541
,
559

   urges McClellan forward,
568
–69

   relieves McClellan of command,
562
,
570
,
753
,
754

   and McClernand,
577
–78

   thanks Rosecrans for Stones River,
582
–83

   names Hooker to command Army of Potomac,
584
–85

   on Grant's drinking,
588
–89

   draft calls of,
601
,
605

   and trade between the lines,
620
,
624
–25