Berlin 1961 (95 page)

on Clay’s border confrontations

fear of East German uprising

on frankness with West Germany

Gromyko meetings

on Kennedy’s conditional agreement to summit

on Kennedy’s Vienna Summit failure

on moral responsibility of nuclear first strike

on necessity of military buildup

Soviet policy deliberations

Sabolyk, Robert

Salinger, Pierre

as acquaintance of Bolshakov

delivery of Khrushchev’s request for meeting

Kennedy’s UN speech

media briefing on Vienna Summit

at start of Kennedy–Khrushchev private correspondence

Salisbury, Harrison

Saunders, Frank

Schärf, Adolf

Schlesinger, Arthur, Jr.

alternative to Acheson’s Berlin strategy

control of media

on Cuban invasion

Kissinger’s White House consultancy role

Schmidt, Marlene

Schorr, Daniel

Schumacher, Kurt

Schumann, Hans Conrad

Scowcroft, Brent

Seyr, Veronika

Sherman, Tony

Shuckburgh, Evelyn

Sidey, Hugh

Siekmann, Ida

Sindermann, Horst

Smirnov, Andrei

Smyser, William Richard

Sommer, Monika

Sonntag

Sorensen, Theodore “Ted” on proposal of nuclear first strike

speech on Berlin policy

speech on Soviet policy

stance on Berlin issue

Soviet Union

and arrival of U.S. troops in West Berlin

Checkpoint Charlie confrontation

China, assistance to

conventional-weapon superiority

economic dependence on West Germany

economic shortfalls

foreign policy priorities

military mobilization near Berlin

nuclear capability

Cuban buildup

exaggerations

exercises in East Germany

improvements

striking range

testing

See also
Khrushchev, Nikita

occupation of Berlin

oil pipeline across East Germany

Palace of Congresses

Palace of Sports

Pathet Lao support

Potsdam accord

Siberian scientific center

space program

under Stalin

on UN directorate

U.S. trade agreements

U.S. U-2 spy plane, downing of

Spender, Stephen

Springer, Axel

Stalin, Joseph

Berlin blockade

devastation of Soviet Union

on German reunification

on government of East Germany

physical features

on repression in East Germany

Stearman, William Lloyd

Steinstücken operation

Stevenson, Adlai

on Acheson’s influence over Kennedy

on negotiation of Berlin issue

opinion of Khrushchev

position in Kennedy administration

Soviet backing in presidential bid

Stoph, Willi

Strauss, Franz Josef

Suburov, A. N.

Sukarno

Sulzberger, Cyrus L.

Symington, James

Tagesspiegel, Der

Taylor, Maxwell

Thompson, Llewellyn E. “Tommy,” Jr.

Berlin deliberations

and Checkpoint Charlie confrontation

discussions with Khrushchev on Berlin position

invitation for Kennedy–Khrushchev meeting

on Kennedy’s position at Vienna Summit

linking of Berlin and Cuban issues

on military buildup

role in Kennedy’s mistrust of Khrushchev

on Soviet policy

on Soviet release of captive U.S. airmen

Thompson, Jane

Thurow, Rudi

Time

on Adenauer’s Germany

on East German Miss Universe

on Kennedy’s poor leadership

on planning of nuclear attack

on Soviet Party Congress

on stability of Soviet Communist Party

Times
(London)

Topping, Seymour

Travell, Janet

Trinka, Frank

Trivers, Howard

Troyanovsky, Oleg

Tyree, Thomas

Udall, Stewart

Ulbricht, Walter

border closure encroachment onto West Berlin territory

expansion of border inspections

first public mention of Wall

gathering of government officials during

initial discussions of

multiple sites

official statement on

plans and preparations

press conference on

single crossing point for Westerners

China mission to request assistance

on East German decline

farm collectivization

on Kennedy’s UN speech

Khrushchev, impatience with

at laborers’ gathering

military exercises

personality and physical features

repressive measures

resignation from office

socialist ideology

on Vienna Summit

on West Berlin freedoms

West Berlin’s Steinstücken enclave, threat to

on West German revanchism

United Nations

Kennedy’s address to

secretary-general vacancy

United States

Berlin Task Force

Checkpoint Charlie confrontation

intercontinental ballistic missile test

Joint Chiefs meeting on Berlin strategy

Khrushchev’s visits to

nuclear capability

call for disarmament

concealment of superiority

constant state of readiness

disclosure of details

hydrogen bomb development

NATO contingency plans for Berlin blockade

Polaris submarine

Single Integrated Operational Plan (SIOP-62)

test ban treaty proposal

testing

war planning

withdrawal of missiles from Turkey

racial tensions

Soviet policy deliberations

spy mission over Soviet Union

See also
Eisenhower, Dwight D.; Kennedy, John F.

Vasiliev, Gennady

Verner, Paul

Vienna Summit

arrival of parties

benefits to U.S.

casual conversation

on Cuba

ideological debate on communism

on Iran

Kennedy

advance preparations through intermediary

agreement to meeting

disadvantage at outset

invitation to Khrushchev

on permanent division of Berlin

poor performance

preconditions for summit

references to
West
Berlin

Khrushchev

agreement to meet

control of conversation

determination to discuss Berlin

report on outcome

threat to sign treaty with East Germany

on Laos

Macmillan on

on nuclear test ban

Ulbricht on

von Pawel, Ernest “Von,”

Wall.
See
East German border closure

Wall Street Journal

Wansierski, Bruno

Washington Evening Star

Washington Post

Watson, Albert, II

military mobilization to Checkpoint Charlie

restraint in show of force at border closure

Steinstücken operation

on superior Soviet position

in West Berlin bureaucracy

Weber, Heinz

West Berlin

Adenauer’s visit to

Allied troops in

anger at U.S. betrayal

at closure of border

East Berliners working in

“free city” proposal

freedoms and living standards

Johnson’s visit

Kennedy’s visit

refugees in

RIAS radio broadcasts

spy operations

Steinstücken enclave

tourism at Wall

U.S. commitment to protect

U.S. troops in

See also
Clay, Lucius D.

West Germany

capital in Bonn

cost of U.S. military presence in

East German trade

economic growth and strength

founding of

Hallstein Doctrine

NATO membership

Soviet economic dependence on

See also
Adenauer, Konrad; West Berlin

White, William S.

Whitney, John Hay “Jock,”

Wismach, Kurt

Witz, First Lieutenant

Wolf, Markus

Yakubovsky, Ivan

Zeit, Die

Zhukov, Georgy

T
ITLES BY
F
REDERICK
K
EMPE

Berlin 1961: Kennedy, Khrushchev, and the Most Dangerous Place on Earth

Father/Land: A Personal Search for the New Germany

Siberian Odyssey: A Voyage into the Russian Soul

Divorcing the Dictator: America’s Bungled Affair with Noriega

June 21. Khrushchev dons his old uniform and prepares his military for the possibility of war, during a speech in the Grand Kremlin Palace. (
ITAR-TASS/Sovfoto
)