Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy (37 page)

1
Edward

He was born on 13 October, 1453, at the Palace of Westminster, and was Duke of Cornwall from birth. He was created Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester on 15 March, 1454, and invested with the principality of Wales on 9 June, 1454, at Windsor Castle. He was also made a Knight of the Garter. He was killed, or perhaps murdered by the Yorkists, on 4 May, 1471, at the Battle of Tewkesbury, and was buried in Tewkesbury Abbey, Gloucs.

He was the son of Richard, Earl of Cambridge (son of the fourth surviving son of Edward III), by Anne Mortimer (great-
granddaughter of the second surviving son of Edward III), and he was born on 21 September, 1411/12. He married Cecily Neville before 18 October, 1424. Although the dukedom of York had been forfeited when his father was executed in 1415, Richard was allowed to style himself Duke of York from 2 February, 1425. He was not formally restored in blood to the dukedom of York until 19 May, 1426, and was recognised as Earl of March, Earl of Ulster and Earl of Cambridge by hereditary right on 12 May, 1432. He was made a Knight of the Garter on 22 April, 1433. In 1448, he assumed the surname Plantagenet, which had not been used since it was borne as a nickname by Geoffrey of Anjou, father of Henry II, in the 12th century; during the Wars of the Roses, York would use this surname to emphasise that his claim to the throne was stronger than that of Henry VI. York was attainted on 20 November, 1459, and all his titles and honours were declared forfeit. The Attainder against him was nullified in October, 1460, when he was restored to all his titles and honours, but he continued to press his claim to the throne, and was killed on 30 December, 1460, at the Battle of Wakefield. He was buried at Pontefract, but was later removed to the Collegiate Church of Fotheringhay, Northants.

She was the daughter of Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland, by Joan Beaufort, daughter of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster (
see here
, under Edward III), and she was born on 3 May, 1415, at Raby Castle, Co. Durham. She died a Benedictine nun on 31 May, 1495, at Berkhamstead Castle, Herts., and was buried in the Collegiate Church of Fotheringhay, Northants.

1  
Joan

She was born in 1438, and died the same year.

2  
Anne

She was born on 10/11 August, 1439, at Fotheringhay Castle, Northants. She married firstly Henry Holland, 4th Duke of Exeter (1430–drowned at sea 1475), before 30 July, 1447, and had issue.

1  Anne (
c.
1455–1475); she married Thomas Grey, 1st Marquess of Dorset (1455?–1501), son of Elizabeth Wydville, wife of Edward IV.

Anne was divorced from her first husband on 12 November, 1472. She married secondly Sir Thomas St Leger (executed 1483) in
1472/3, and had issue:

2  Anne (1476?–1526); she married George Manners, Lord Roos (
d
.1513).

Anne died on 12 or 14 January, 1476 (or 1482?), in childbirth (?), and was buried in St George’s Chapel, Windsor.

3  
Henry

He was born on 9/10 February, 1441, at Hatfield, Herts., and died young.

4  
Edmund

He was born on 17 or 27 May, 1443, at Rouen, France. He was created Earl of Rutland on 29 January, 1446. He forfeited his earldom by Act of Attainder in 1459, but was restored to it in October, 1460. He was killed on 30 December, 1460, at the Battle of Wakefield, Yorks., and was buried at Pontefract. His remains were later removed to the Collegiate Church of Fotheringhay, Northants.

5  
Elizabeth

She was born on 22 April, 1444, at Rouen, France. She married John de la Pole, 2nd Duke of Suffolk (
d.
1491), in
c.
August, 1461 (or, less probably, before October, 1460), and had issue:

1  John, Earl of Lincoln (1462/4?–1487: killed at the Battle of Stoke); he married Margaret (
d.
after 1493), daughter of Thomas FitzAlan, Earl of Arundel, and had issue.

2  Edmund, Earl of Suffolk (1471/2?–executed 1513); he married Margaret (
d.
1515), daughter of Sir Richard Scrope, and had issue.

3  Humphrey, Rector of Leverington, Cambs., and of Hingham, Norfolk (1474?–1513).

4  Edward, Archdeacon of Richmond, Yorks. (
d
.1485?).

5  Richard, styled ‘Earl of Suffolk’ or ‘The White Rose’ (killed at the Battle of Pavia in 1525).

6  Geoffrey.

7  William (1478?–1539), a knight; he married Katherine (
d
.1521), daughter of William, 2nd Baron Stourton.

8  Anne (
d.
after 1495); she was a nun at Sion Abbey, Middlesex.

9  Katherine; she is said to have married William, Baron Stourton (1457–1524).

10  Elizabeth (
d.
after 1489); she married Henry Lovell, Baron
Morley (
d
.1489).

11  Dorothy (
d.
unmarried).

Elizabeth died between 7 January, 1503, and 3 May, 1504, and was buried in Wingfield Church, Suffolk.

6  
Margaret

She was born on 3 May, 1446, at Fotheringhay Castle, Northants., and married Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy (1433–killed at the Battle of Nancy, 1477), on 3 July, 1468, at Damme, Flanders. She died on 16 April or 28 November, 1503, at Malines, Flanders, and was buried in the Church of the Cordeliers, Malines.

7  
William

He was born on 7 July, 1447, at Fotheringhay Castle, Northants., and died young.

8  
John

He was born on 7 November, 1448, at The Neyte, a house near Westminster, and died young.

9  
George

He was born on 21 October, 1449, at Dublin Castle, Ireland. He was made a Knight of the Garter in 1461, and a Knight of the Bath on 27 June, 1461. He was created Duke of Clarence on 28 June, 1461. He was created Earl of Salisbury and Earl of Warwick, in right of his wife, on 25 March, 1472. He was attainted on 8 February, 1478, and by this Act of Attainder forfeited all his estates and titles and the rights of himself and his heirs to the succession. He was privately executed on 18 February, 1478, in the Tower of London: tradition has it that he was drowned in a butt of Malmsey wine. He was buried in Tewkesbury Abbey, Gloucs.