Chasing Gold: The Incredible Story of How the Nazis Stole Europe's Bullion (84 page)

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Authors: George M. Taber

BOOK: Chasing Gold: The Incredible Story of How the Nazis Stole Europe's Bullion
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ski, Leon, 138
Barbarossa, 334
Barclays Bank, 154
Bard
, 190
Basel, as site for Bank of International Settlements, 78, 80
Basler Handelsbank, sales of Nazi gold and, 442
Basque separatists, 8
Batianelli, 267
Batory
, 297
Battet, Robert, 146–147, 246, 254, 255
Battle of Britain, 322, 323.
See also
Britain
Baudouin, Paul, 253
Bavaria, 133
efforts to move gold to, 419–420
Bavarian Criminal Investigation Department, 426
Bayonne, Bank of France in, 307
Bayreuth, 11
Béarn
, 246–247, 248–249, 251, 257
Beatrix, Princess of Holland, 212, 219
Beck, Ludwig, 94, 107
aborted coup of, 119
resignation of, 108
Belarus, 345
Belgier Report, 378–379
Belgium
bullion standard of, 83
demands for restitution, 430
DSK confiscation of gold in, 70
early history of, 227
German attack on, 173, 206, 227, 233–235, 236, 242
gold assets of, 228–229, 230–231, 232, 233, 234, 312, 440
gold at New York Federal Reserve, 230, 231
Hitler’s nonrespect for neutrality of, 377–378
monetary unit with Luxembourg, 228
movement of gold and, 272–273, 289
move of base of operations to Ostend, 232
protection of assets of, 229–230
refuges from, 235
sale of gold and, 315–316
sending of bullion to U.S., 164
smelting of gold and, 378–379
stolen gold of, 440
surrender of, 236
war strategy of, 233
Belgrade, carpet-bombing of, 327
Bell, Dan, 169
Belzec death camp, 356
Benghazi, 367
Beograd
, 319
Berchtesgaden, 65
Bergen, British and French invasion of, 177
Bergier Report, 379, 441
Bergius, Friedrich, 67
Beria, Lavrentiy, 343, 344, 345, 394
Berlin
Allied bombing of, 360, 394, 395
Belgian and Luxembourg bullion in, 317–318
Municipal Pawn Shop in, 70, 358, 359
Soviet capture of, 411–412
State Library in, 396
Berliner Börsenzeitung
, 75
Berlin Philharmonic, last performance of, 413
Bérne
, 242
Bernhard, Prince, of Holland, 212–213, 217, 218–219
Bernhuber, Maximilian, 372
Bernkastel, 243
Bernstein, Bernard, ix, 361, 388, 401–409, 425
lobby for tough approach toward Germany, 391
“Report on Recovery of Reichsbank Precious Metals,” 411
Bernstein, Peter L., 1
Beyen, Johan Willem, as president of Bank for International Settlements, ix, 81, 82, 112–113, 114, 115
Bigelow, Emerson, 416
Bigelow report, 416
Bingen, Allied seizure of, xiii
BIS.
See
Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
Bismarck, Otto von, 87, 385–386
Black Eagle
, 164
Black Falcon
, 164
Black Gull
, 164
Black Hawk
, 164
Black Heron
, 164
Black Osprey
, 164
Black Sea, 20
Blackstone, 19–20
Black Tern
, 164
Blessing, Karl, 81–82, 83, 100, 123
Blitzkrieg
, 89, 134
Blomberg, Werner von
on importance of gold in military buildup, 44–45
release from duty, 90
replacement of, 119
Schacht and, 71–72
as War Minister, 63, 65–66
Blücher
, 181, 182
Blum, Léon, 11, 12
Bock, Fedor von, 210, 350–351
Boer War, 80
Bohemian Discount Bank (Prague), 385
Boisanger, Yves Bréart de, 311–312, 315, 378
Bojarski, Władysław, 147
Bolzano, 369
Bomma
, 193–194, 195, 196
Bordeaux, 231
gold storage at, 272–273, 278
Bore War, 205
Bosch, Carl, 34, 67
Bosphorus, 145
Botting, Douglas, 427
Bourke-White, Margaret, 348
Bouthillier, Yves, 237–238
Bouyer, Albert, 246
Bradley, Omar, tour of Room #8, 404–405
Bramsn
e, Carl Valdemar, 179
Brauchitsch, Walter von, 90, 107
Braudel, Fernand, 2
Bräuer, Curt, 180
Braun, Eva, 122
Brauneis, Victor, 101
Bremen, storage of records in Merkers, 396
Brenner Pass, 324, 368–369
Brest
German air attack on, 270
gold transfer from, 270, 307, 308
military fortress in, 137
Polish gold in, 141
port of, 241, 248
regional bank office in, 136
Brest-Litovsk Treaty, 335
Bretagne
, 242
Brett, Robert E., ix, 144, 146
Bretton Woods conference (1944), 168, 381, 388, 435–436
Bridges, E. E., 289
Britain, 284–305
air campaign against, 322, 323
arms purchases of, 161, 162, 171
Cash and Carry program and, 166
declaration of war against Germany, 135
dispute with Albania over Nazi gold, 430–431, 449
dropping of gold standard, 83
efforts to stop Spanish Civil War and, 12–13
fall of, 334
German and Vichy concerns about, 313
gold as basis for value of currency of, 3–4
gold sales of, 167
gold transfers from, 170–171, 285–286
Home Guard in, 323
Lend-Lease for, 352
obligations of, under treaty with Poland, 134–135
Order in Council rule in, 290
policy toward post-war Germany, 388–389
on reparations from Germany, 30
return of money to Lithuania, 155
Royal Air Force in, 322, 323
as storage place for bullion, 159
U.S. receipt of gold from, 170
use of poison gas and, 322
value of pound and, 163
war spending by, 302
watch of Polish gold saga by, 143–144
write off of Czechoslovakia and, 89
British Financial News
, 114
British Purchasing Commission, 162
Brittany, 270
Brno Munitions, 117
Brohan, Philip, 270, 271
Bronstein
, 320
Broome, Jack Egerton, 20, 289, 298
Brown, Gordon, 437
Brown’s Bottom, 437
Brüning, Heinrich, 33
Brussels Protocol (1936), 115
Bryka, Władysław, 138
Bucharest, Belgian gold in, 316
Bulganin, 346
Bulgaria, Soviet control of, 429
Bulge, Battle of the, xiii, 392
Bullitt, William C., ix, 116, 160, 235, 243–244, 279–280, 336–337
C
Caballero, Francisco Largo, 15, 16–17, 18
Cadiz, Spain, 279
Cadogan, Sir Alexander, 290–291
diary of, 208
Caisse d’ Épargme de l’État du Grand Duché de Luxembourg, 228
California, discovery of gold in, 4
Campeche
(Spanish tanker), 19
Canada
British gold in, 291–292
buying of naval supplies, 162
dropping of gold standard, 83
evacuation of children to, 295
movement of gold to, 170, 286–287, 290, 295
set up of dummy corporation in, for arms sales, 163
Canadian Industries, 162
Canaris, Wilhelm, 119–120, 209
Canary Islands, 10
Cap de la Nau, 277
Cape Verde Islands, 319
Carinhall, 62, 70, 93
Carpentier, M.F.L.F. de, 147
Cartagena
German aircraft attack on, 21
gold storage at, 17, 21
Carter, Stuart Bonham, 253–255
Casablanca, 247, 269–283
gold in, 307, 310
Case Green, 103, 106, 107
Case Yellow, 173, 206
Cash and Carry, 165
Cashier of Deposits and Consignments, 328
Catalan separatists, 8
Catterns, Basil, ix, 291–292, 293–294
Center Party, 35
Central banks
control of world financial system by, 77–85
gold held by, 437–438
stolen gold of, 440
Central Pacific Railroad, 4
Cetinje, 332
Chadwick, Owen, 261
Chamberlain, Neville, ix, 218, 285
on Albania, 198, 201
declaration of war against Germany, 135
desire to get along with Hitler, 94–95
Norman and, 120
Parliament’s loss of confidence in, 114, 210
realization that Britain was in mortal danger, 111
resistance to forming anti-German coalition, 132
solidification of ties with U.S. and Canada, 287–288
standing up to Nazis and, 200
takeover of Czechoslovakia and, 107, 108–110
Chardenot, 148
Charles-Roux, François, 261, 262
Chase Manhattan Bank, Zog’s account in, 202
Chase Manhattan Bank and Guarantee Trust, 338
Château de Laeken Palace, 236
Château de Wynendael, 233
Château d’Oex, 380
Cheka
, 14
Chelyabinsk, 342, 343
Chemical warfare, 322–323
China, gold in, 435, 437
Christian X, 175, 178
Chromium, 40
Churchill, Winston, ix, 162, 218
Battle of Britain and, 322
concerns over French fleet, 308
correspondence with Roosevelt, Franklin D., 300, 301–302
correspondence with Smuts, Jan, and, 313
Czechoslovakian takeover and, 110, 114–115
de Gaulle and, 314
desire to go on offensive, 363
Dunkirk and, 285
German attack on Holland, 210, 212
German attack on Russia and, 339
gold standard and, 3–4
meeting with Roosevelt in Quebec, 389–390
memoirs of, 302–303
need for help from U.S., 303–304, 390
on need to move gold bullion to U.S., 288–289
opposition to Morgenthau’s plan for postwar Germany, 389, 390
at Potsdam, 429
request for day of prayer, 294
Reynaud, Paul, and, 177, 244–245
Scandinavia and, 177
speeches of, 322, 323
Twilight War and, 205
war strategy of, 294
on Wilhelmina, 222
Ciano, Count Galeazzo, ix, 87, 199–200, 201, 202, 324
Clairvoyant
, 307
Clay, Lucius, 361, 401–402, 408, 409
Clermont-Ferrand, 307, 319
French National Bank in, 310–311
Cline, Anthony, discovery of German gold and paintings and, 400
Clinton Administration’s Gold Team, 383, 432, 433
Coal, manufacture of synthetic oil from, 384
Coburg, gold in, 409
Cochran, Merle, 74
Colbjørnsen, Ole, 188–189, 194, 195, 196
Cold War, 432
start of, 429
Colijn, Hendrik, 210
Colomb-Bèhear, 316
Columbus, Christopher, objectives of, 2–3
Colville, John, 287
diary of, 285
Combi, Etorre, 367
Comintern, formation of Popular Front coalitions, 9
Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies, 301
Communists, Republicans as, 8
Compiège armistice agreement, 311
Concentration camps
gold from, 405, 406, 411
valuables from, 358–359, 360, 361
Confessional Church, 356
Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), 260
Constanta, 142, 143
Convoy QP 10, 354
Copenhagen.
See also
Denmark
German attack on, 178
Copper, German need for, 165
Cot, Pierre, 12
Cotton, German need for, 165
Council of the People’s Commissar of the U.S.S.R., 153

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