Read City of God (Penguin Classics) Online
Authors: Saint Augustine
1
. Not extant.
2
. A much debated point, cf. e.g. Plat,
Men
., 86ff; Arist,
Eth
.
Nic
, 2,1, 3.
3
. cf. Bk XIV, 2.
4
. ‘The first things according to nature’ in the Stoic phrase, cf. Oc,
De Fin
., 2.
5
. cf. Bk IV, 30n.
6
. cf. Bk XIV, 20n.
7
. Antiochus of Ascalon (
ft
.
c
.80
B.C.
) tried to reconcile Platonism and Stoicism, and claimed to have restored the Old Academy.
8
. Hab. 2,4; Rom. 1,17; Gal. 3,11; Hebr. 10,38.
9
. Ps. 94,11.
10
.1 Cor. 3,20.
11
. Only fragments remain of Cicero’s
Consolatio
on the death of Tullia in 45
B.C.
12
. Wisd. 9, 15.
13
. Gal 5, 17.
14
. cf. Bk 1, 22n.
15
. cf. Bk 1, 5n.
16
. Rom. 8, 24f.
17
. Ter.,
Adelph
., 5, 4, 13f.
18
.
Eun
., 1, 1, 14f.
19
. Cic.
In Verr
., 2, 1, 13.
20
. Matt. 10, 36.
21
. Ps. 25, 17.
22
. Job 7, 1 (LXX. The Hebrew reads: ‘What is man’s life but warfare?’).
23
. Matt. 18, 7.
24
. Matt. 24, 12.
25
. cf. Bk DC, 23.
26
. cf. 1 Cor. 11, 14.
27
. Ps. 147, 12ff.
28
. A fanciful etymology. ‘City of Peace’ is possible.
29
. Rom. 6, 22.
30
. cf. Virg.,
Aen
., 8, 190–305 for the story of Cacus and Hercules.
31
. Virg.
Aen
., 1.195.
32
. cf. 2 Cor. 5, 6f.
33
.1 Tim.5,8.
34
. Gen.1,26.
35
. Gen.9,25.
36
. A mistaken derivation generally accepted in antiquity.
37
. Dan.9,3–15.
38
. John 8,34.
39
.2 Pet.2,19.
40
. cf.Eph.6,5.
41
.1 Cor.15,24;28.
42
. Wisd. 9, 15.
43
. cf.Bks IV, VI, VII.
44
. cf. Hab. 2, 4; Rom. 1, 17 etc.
45
. cf. Bk IV, 301l
46
. 1 Cor. 13, 9.
47
. cf. ch. 1.
48
. Ecd. 1, 14 etc.
49
. cf. ch. 14.
50
.1 Tim. 3,1.
51
. 1 Cor. 15, 28.
52
. cf. Bk II, 21.
53
. cf.the argument of Thrasymachus in Plat. Rp. 339A-341A.
54
. Aristotle’s ‘distributive justice’ (Eth.Nic, 5, 5, 2).
55
. Exod. zz, 20.
56
. Gen. 22, 18.
57
. cf. Bk VII, 25n.
58
. Extensive fragments of this work remain (J. O’Meara, Porphyry’s Philosophy from Oracles, 1959).
59
. Lactantius quotes part of this oracle in Greek (De
Ira Dei
, 2,312).
60
. Part of the Greek is quoted in Euseb., Dem.Ev., 3, 6.
61
. Photinus, bishop of Sirmium, deposed 351. He seems to have taught a kind of Sabellianism. The Photinians, his followers, were condemned at the Council of Constantinople, 381.
62
. Exod.22,20.
63
. Ps.96,5, in the LXX.
64
. Ps.16,2.
65
. cf.esp.Bk X, 5; 6; 20.
66
. Hab.2,4etc.
67
. Gal.5,6.
68
. Ps.144,15.
69
.1 Tim.2,2.
70
.1er.29,7.
71
. cf.2 Cor.5,7.
72
. Matt.6,12.
73
. Jas.2,17.
74
. Gal.5,6.
75
. Wisd. 9, 15.
76
. Job 7,1; cf. ch. 8n.
77
. Jas.4, 6; 1 Pet. 5, 5.
1
. cf.2 Pet 2,4.
2
. cf.Bk VII, 14.
3
. cf.Matt.8, 19.
4
. Rom.9, 4.
5
. Rom.11, 33.
6
. Ps. 144, 4.
7
. cf. Rom. 11, 33.
8
. cf. Eccl. 2, 13f. ‘Vanity’ means ‘emptiness’, ‘futility’, ‘nonsense’. It seems best, failing a word to convey these shades of meaning, to retain the familial translation.
9
. Eccl. 8, 14.
10
. Eccl. 12, 13f (LXX).
11
. Rom. 3, 20ff.
12
. Matt 13, 52.
13
. Matt. 11, 22.
14
. Matt. 11, 24.
15
. Matt. 12, 41f.
16
. Matt. 13, 37–43.
17
. Matt. 19, 28.
18
. Matt. 12, 27.
19
. cf. Acts 1, 25f. On the significance of numbers cf. Bk XI, 30f; XV, 20; XVII, 4; ch. 7.
20
. 1 Cor. 15, 10.
21
. 1 Cor. 6, 2f.
22
. Ep., 199, the second of two letters written to Hesychius, bishop of Salona (Split, in Dalmatia), in answer to a query about the apocalyptic chronology in Dan. 9, 24ff.
23
. Matt. 25, 34–45.
24
. John 5, 22–24.
25
. John 5, 25f.
26
. Matt. 8, 22.
27
. 2 Cor. 5. 14f.
28
. cf.Rom. 4, 25.
29
. cf.Rom. 4, 5.
30
. Ps. 101, 1.
31
. John 5, 27–9.
32
. Rev. 20 1–6.
33
. 2 Pet. 3, 8.
34
. Matt. 12, 29.
35
. Matt.19, 29. On significant numbers cf. ch. 5, and references there.
36
. 2 Cor. 6, 10.
37
. Prov. 17, 6 (LXX).
38
. Ps. 105, 8.
39
. Eph. 1, 4.
40
. 2 Tim. 2, 19.
41
. Ps. 123, 2.
42
. Rev. 20, 9f.
43
. cf. Rev. 12, 12; 11, 2; 12, 6; 13, 5.
44
. Matt. 12, 9.
45
. 1 John 2, 19.
46
. Tit.3, 5.
47
. cf.Matt.24,12.
48
. Matt. 25, 34.
49
. Matt. 28, 20.
50
. Matt. 13, 52.
51
. Matt. 13, 39ff.
52
. Matt. 5,19.
53
. Matt. 23, 3.
54
. Col. 3, If.
55
. Phil. 3, 20.
56
. cf. Phil.2, 21.
57
. Rev. 20 ,4.
58
. Matt. 18 ,18.
59
. 1 Cor. 5, 12.
60
. Rev. 20, 4.
61
. Rev. 14, 13.
62
. Rom. 14, 9.
63
. Rev. 20, 4.
64
. cf.2 Cor.6, 14. The Apocalypse, in fact, is speaking of the Emperor’s image.
65
. Rev.20, 5.
66
. John 5, 25; cf. ch.6.
67
. Rev. 20, 6.
68
. Rev. 20, 5.
69
. Col. 3, If.
70
. Rom. 6, 4.
71
. Eph. 5, 14.
72
. Ecclus.2, 7.
73
. Rom.14,4.
74
. 1 Cor. 10,12.
75
. Rev. 20, 6.
76
. 1 Pet. 2, 9.
77
. Phil. 2, 7.
78
. cf. Ps.110, 4; Hebr.7, 17–21.
79
. cf. Bk XVI, 22; XVII, 17–20.
80
. Rev. 20, 7f.
81
. Impossible etymologies.
82
. cf. ch.7.
83
. Rev. 20, 9; cf. ch.8.
84
. Matt. 25, 41.
85
. Ps. 69, 9.
86
. Is. 26, 11 (LXX).
87
. cf. 2 Thess. 2.8.
88
. cf. ch.8; Dan.12, 7.
89
. Rev.
20, 6f.
90
. Rev. 6, 9.
91
. Bk XVI, 24.
92
. Rev. 20, 10.
93
. ch.9.
94
. Rev. 20, 11.
95
. 1 Cor. 7, 31f.
96
. Rev. 20, 12.
97
. cf.Rom.2,15.
98
. cf.Bk XVI, 5; 15.
99
. Rev.20, 13.
100
. Col.3,3; Matt 8,33.
101
. Rom.8, 10.
102
. Matt.25,46.
103
. Rev.21,1.
104
. Rev.20,11; cf.ch.14.
105
. Rev.4,6; 15,2.
106
. Rev. 20, 2-j.
107
. Is.45,8 (LXX).
108
. Tit.3,5.
109
. cf.1 Cor.15, 53f.