Closing of the American Mind (63 page)

modern contempt for,
311
,
363

musical education viewed by,
72
–73

pity viewed by,
108

Plato and,
381

pleasure viewed by,
137

political distaste for,
253

political science of,
178
,
262
–63,
363
,
366

science and,
300

slavery viewed by,
248

soul viewed by,
176

Armstrong, Louis,
151
,
152

Assembly of Women, The
(Aristophanes),
97
,
99

Augustine, Saint,
249

Austen, Jane,
375

Bach, Johann Sebastian,
72

Bacon, Francis,
263
,
265
,
286
,
292
,
305

Bardot, Brigitte,
77

Barthes, Roland,
379

Battle of the Books, The
(Swift),
373

Baudelaire, Charles,
205

Bauhaus movement,
152
n

Bayle, Pierre,
294

Beard, Charles,
29
,
56

Beatles,
350

Becker, Carl,
29
,
55
–56

Beethoven, Ludwig van,
72

Bellow, Saul,
11
–18,
85
,
237
–38

Benedict, Ruth,
362

Bentham, Jeremy,
116

Bergson, Henri,
221

Berrigan, Daniel,
326

Bertolucci, Bernardo,
146
n

Bettelheim, Bruno,
145

Bible:

American education and,
54
,
56
–57,
58
,
60

humanities and,
374
–75

influence of,
252

sexism and,
65
–66

student knowledge of,
62

Birth of Tragedy, The
(Nietzsche),
71

Black, Hugo,
62

Blue Angel, The
,
151

Blum, Léon,
239

Bolero
(Ravel),
73

Brecht, Bertolt,
151

British Royal Society,
294

Brown, Norman O.,
322

Brown University,
84

Buddha,
211

Burke, Edmund,
85

Caesar, Julius,
281

Calvin, John,
208
–11

Camus, Albert,
88

Capital
(Marx),
217
,
220

Carlyle, Thomas,
181

Carter, Jimmy,
119

Castro, Fidel,
331

Catcher in the Rye, The
(Salinger),
63

Céline, Louis-Ferdinand,
239

Churchill, Sir Winston,
123
,
256
,
364
–65

Cicero,
154

City of God, The
(Augustine),
249

Clausewitz, Karl von,
290

Clouds, The
(Aristophanes),
269
–70,
281
,
293

Cold War,
349

Coleridge, Samuel Taylor,
181

Coolidge, Calvin,
364
–65

Coriolanus
(Shakespeare),
110
–11,
329

Cornell University:

affirmative action at,
94

curriculum reform at,
320
,
339
–40,
352

faculty reaction at,
347
–48,
351
–52,
354
,
355

six-year Ph.D. program at,
339
–40

student demands at,
95
,
316
n
,
318
–19,
325
,
354

student rebellion at,
313
,
315
–18,
354

Critique of Pure Reason
(Kant),
300
,
302

Crito,
283

Dahl, Robert,
32

Dante Alighieri,
40
,
52

Danton, Georges-Jacques,
286

Darwin, Charles,
367

Day After, The
,
85

Death in Venice
(Mann),
137
,
230
–32,
234

Declaration of Independence (1776),
54
–56,
193
,
248

Declaration of Independence, The
(Becker),
55
–56

de Gaulle, Charles,
77
,
159
,
187
,
214

Democracy in America
(Tocqueville),
115
,
246

Derrida, Jacques,
379

Descartes, René:

doubt and,
42
–43

ego viewed by,
177
–78

French education and,
52

Gulliver's Travels
and,
294

reason and,
265

Rousseau on,
292
,
305

science espoused by,
286

Dewey, John,
29
,
56
,
195

Dickens, Charles,
63
–64

Dietrich, Marlene,
151

Discourse on the Arts and Sciences
(Rousseau),
258

Discourse on the Origins of Inequality
(Rousseau),
366

Dostoyevski, Fyodor,
206
,
367

Dumont, Margaret,
70

Easton, David,
327

Economic Interpretation of the Constitution, An
(Beard),
56

Eichmann in Jerusalem
(Arendt),
214

Einstein, Albert,
264
,
367

Eliot, T. S.,
292

Emile
(Rousseau),
66
,
117
,
167
–68

Engels, Friedrich,
230

Epicureanism,
262

Eros and Civilization
(Marcuse),
78

Escape from Freedom
(Fromm),
146

Ethics
(Aristotle),
125
,
279
–80,
373

Faust
(Goethe),
302
–3

Fear of Flying
(Jong),
229

Federalist, The
,
261
,
330

Fichte, Johann,
149

Field, Marshall, III,
155

Flaubert, Gustave,
134
–35,
205

Foucault, Michel,
379

Founding Fathers:

debunking of,
29
,
56

democratic principles and,
28
–29

minorities viewed by,
31
–32

racism and,
335

religious freedom and,
28
,
261

Fountainhead, The
(Rand),
62

Franco, Francisco,
159

Freud, Sigmund:

American success of,
137
,
155
,
232
–33

darker side of,
150

Hobbes and,
174
,
330

Mann and,
230
–31,
234
,
237

Marcuse on,
78

Marxism and,
223

nature/society distinction and,
170

Oedipus complex and,
156

intellectual difficulty of,
203
–4

popularization of,
107
,
134
,
136
–37

reality principle and,
81

science vs. unconscious in,
193
,
199
–200

social science and,
361
n

university view of,
148
,
345
,
367

women viewed by,
100

Fromm, Erich,
144
,
146
,
152

Galileo,
296
,
345
,
371

George, Stefan,
222

Ghosts
(Ibsen),
108

Gide, André,
222
,
232

Gilbert, William,
295

Glaucon,
61
,
332
–33

Glorious Revolution,
158
,
328

Goebbels, Joseph,
348

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von:

German mind and,
52
,
305
,
323

scholarship viewed by,
302
–4,
307

science and,
349

Goldmann, Lucien,
352

Goodman, Benny,
69

Gorgias
(Plato),
263

Guevara, Che,
331

Gulliver's Travels
(Swift),
293
–96

Hassner, Pierre,
155

Hegel, G. W. F.:

academic importance of,
314
,
323
,
368

Aristotle and,
253

fascism and,
149
,
259

Marcuse and,
226

Marx and,
222
,
222
n

modern scholarship ridiculed by,
309

rational God of,
204

Rousseau and,
181

Heidegger, Martin,
152
,
323
,
377

American reconstruction of,
226
,
310

antiliberalism and,
149

bourgeois and,
159

Hellenism of,
308
,
309
–10

leftists and,
222
,
310
,
315

Nazism and,
154
,
311

Nietzsche and,
144
,
207

translation viewed by,
54
,
153

university youth viewed by,
315
,
317

Herodotus,
36
,
40
,
204

Hitler, Adolf:

as bourgeois,
159

charismatic leadership and,
213
–14

German thinkers and,
148
–49,
259
,
311

moral authority and,
326

natural science and,
297
–98

psychological appeal of,
146

Rhineland occupation by,
239

rock videos and,
74

social science view of,
154

student attitudes on,
67

Hobbes, Thomas:

Aristotle vs.,
255

faction viewed by,
286

feeling viewed by,
174

idea of rights from,
165

indiscriminate freedom and,
28

influence of language of,
141
–42

political order viewed by,
110
,
111
,
286

rationalism of,
73
,
251

Rousseau vs.,
167
–70,
190
,
299

state of nature viewed by,
162
–63,
218

vainglory viewed by,
330

Holmes, Oliver Wendell,
28

Homer:

heroes and,
188

inspiration of,
252
,
280

modern education and,
374

Schiller on,
41
,
306
,
308

Humboldt, Wilhelm von,
161

Hume, David,
300

Husserl, Edmund,
323

Ibsen, Henrik,
108

Iliad
(Homer),
308

Isocrates,
274

Jackson, Michael,
76

Jagger, Mick 78-79

Jefferson, Thomas,
349

Johnson, Lyndon,
331

Johnson, Virginia,
99

Jong, Erica,
229

Journey to the End of the Night
(Céline),
239

Joyce, James,
367

Kafka, Franz,
146
,
367

Kant, Immanuel:

culture viewed by,
185
–87,
190
–91,
305

Enlightenment viewed by,
299
–300

freedom viewed by,
193
,
358

French Revolution viewed by,
158

humanities and,
301
–2,
323

liberal democracy viewed by,
162

moral choice views of,
229
,
325

natural science and,
349

rational principles and,
53

Kepler, Johannes,
371

Kerr, Clark,
316

Khomeini, Ayatollah Ruhollah,
131

Kierkegaard, Søren,
368

King, Martin Luther, Jr.,
333

Kojève, Alexandre,
222
n

Kolakowski, Leszek,
224

Koyré, Alexandre,
344
–45

Kramer vs. Kramer
,
64

Kuhn, Thomas,
200

Lacan, Jacques,
193

Lawrence, D. H.,
107

Lederberg, Joshua,
350
–51

Lenin, V. I.,
219
,
348

Lenya, Lotte,
151
,
152

Lessing, Gotthold,
80

Lévi-Strauss, Claude,
40
–41,
362

Lincoln, Abraham,
29
,
59

Locke, John:

apparent superficiality of,
293