Daily Life in Turkmenbashy's Golden Age (38 page)
Read Daily Life in Turkmenbashy's Golden Age Online
Authors: Sam Tranum
Tags: #Turkmenbashy, #memoir, #Central Asia, #travel, #Turkmenistan
100. Hannan, “Managing Turkmenistan’s Karakum Canal,” p. 231.
101. Brice,
Environmental History
, p. 348.
102. Finn, Peter. (July 10, 2007). “Aral Sea’s Return Revives Withered Villages.”
Washington Post
.
103. Hannan, “Managing Turkmenistan’s Karakum Canal,” pp. 230-231.
104. Ibid, pp. 230-231.
105. Ibid, p. 232.
106. USSR Academy of Sciences. (1977).
The Remaking of Nature under Socialism: Desert Development in the V.I. Lenin Karakum Canal Zone
. Moscow: USSR Academy of Sciences.
107. Kerimi, Nina. “Opium Use in Turkmenistan: A Historical Perspective.”
Addiction
, 2000. Vol. 95, No. 9, pp. 1319-1333.
108. Allworth,
Central Asia
, p. 274.
109. A half-pencil-sized cellophane tube of nas costs only a few cents and can be found at most bazaars. Recipes vary, but they can include tobacco leaves, lime (purportedly from chicken shit), vegetable oil, pomegranate rind, and saksaul ashes. When I tried it, it wasn’t much fun – it made me dizzy and a little queasy. Niyazov banned it in 2004, claiming it caused cancer and tuberculosis. Still, the sidewalks in most Turkmen cities were stained with green splotches, where men had spit their nas goop.
110. Associated Press. (August 23, 2005). “Turkmen President Bans Lip Synching Performances.”
Table of Contents
Daily Life in Turkmenbashy’s Golden Age:
Part I: From Palm Beach to Central Asia
Chapter 2: From Palm Beach to Central Asia
Chapter 3: Welcome to the Gulag
Chapter 5: Marching for One Man
Chapter 6: A Massacre, a Plague of Locusts, and an Earthquake
Chapter 7: Permission Required
Part II: Corruption, Absurdity, and Paranoia
Chapter 11: In the Golden Age, There Are No Cold Schools
Chapter 12: The Internet Center
Chapter 15: A Wave of Revolutions
Chapter 17: This Is Not a Camp
Chapter 19: My Three-Part Plan
Chapter 22: Isolated and Smothered
Chapter 23: It All Comes Crashing Down
Chapter 24: Accused of Kidnapping
Chapter 26: Working in the Vineyard
Chapter 27: Conversations With a KGB Agent
Chapter 28: A City Inside a Mountain