Dark Invasion: 1915: Germany's Secret War and the Hunt for the First Terrorist Cell in America (34 page)

The primary sources for each chapter of this book follow.

Prologue

Tunney,
Throttled!
; Russell,
Day Morgan Was Shot
; “Muenter, Once German Teacher Here,”
Harvard Crimson
, February 14, 1942; “Invents Machines for ‘Cure of Liars,’ ”
New York Times
, September 11, 1907; David J. Krajicek, “The Nutty Professor,”
New York Daily News
, June 21, 1909; Harvard College German Club interviews and archives; Hugo Munsterberg,
On the Witness Stand: Essays on Psychology and Crime
(New York: Doubleday, Page, 1908) and
Psychology of the Teacher
(New York: Doubleday, Page, 1909); Matthew Hale Jr.,
Hugo Munsterberg and the Origins of Applied Psychology
(Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1980); Gregory Kimble et al.,
Portraits of Pioneers of Psychology
(Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 1991); “Seek Harvard Teacher,”
New York Times
, May 26, 2008; interviews with Cambridge police; “No Trace of Muenter,”
New York Times
, April 29, 1906; “Muenter Not Yet Found,”
New York Times
, April 30, 1906.

Chapter 1

Tunney,
Throttled!
; “Trap Bomb Layer in Cathedral,”
New York Times
, March 5, 1915; NYPD service records; “Fireman’s Athletic Meet,”
New York Times
, September 14, 1898; “Restores Shoo-Fly Squad,”
New York Times
, September 16, 1910; “Catch Autoist Who Killed Dr. Bender,”
New York Times
, August 16, 1911; “Find Where Crones Once Resided Here,”
New York Times
, February 20, 1908; “Hartigan Facing Sentence Today,”
New York Times
, March 26, 1913; “New York’s IED Task Force, 1905–1919,”
New York Times
, January 17, 1912, and “The EOD Operator Who Dealt with More IEDs Than Anyone Else,” January 14, 1912, http://www.standingwellback.com/home/2012/1/14/the-eod-operator-who-dealt-with-more-ieds-than-anyone-else.html; Reppetto,
Battleground
,
New York City
; Reppetto and Lardner,
NYPD
; “T. J. Tunney Dead,”
New York Times
, January 27, 1952.

Chapter 2

Tunney,
Throttled!
; Tresca and Pernicone,
The Autobiography of Carlo Tresca
; Case,
Guy Hamilton Scull
; Reppetto,
Battleground
,
New York City
; Reppetto and Lardner,
NYPD
;
New York Times
, March 15, 1915; Millman,
Detonators
.

Chapter 3

Tuchman,
Zimmermann
; Tuchman,
Guns
; von Bernstorff,
Three Years
; von Bernstorff,
Memoirs
; Doerries,
Imperial Challenge
; Carnegie Endowment,
Official German Documents
;
Foreign Affairs Documents
, National Archives; Gerard,
Four Years
; Millman,
Detonators
; Witcover,
Sabotage
; Jones and Hollister,
German Secret Service
; Landau,
Enemy Within
; Wheeler, “History of Intelligence”; Frank Harris,
Latest Contemporary Portraits
(New York: Macaulay, 1927).

Chapter 4

Nicolai,
German Secret Service
; Richelson,
Century of Spies
; von der Goltz,
My Adventures
; Jones and Hollister,
German Secret Service
; Landau,
Enemy Within
; Strother,
Fighting Germany’s Spies
; Anonymous,
German Spy System
; Graves,
Secrets
; M,
My Experiences
; Richard B. Spence, “K. A. Jahnke and the German Sabotage Campaign in the United States and Mexico, 1914–1918,”
Historian
59, no. 1 (1996): 89–112; Millman,
Detonators
; Witcover,
Sabotage
; Carnegie Endowment,
Official German Documents
; Gerard,
Four Years
.

Chapter 5

Tunney,
Throttled!
; Case,
Guy Hamilton Scull
;
New York Times,
March 5, 1915; Tresca and Pernicone,
The Autobiography of Carlo Tresca
; Millman,
Detonators
; Reppetto,
Battleground, New York City
; Reppetto and Lardner,
NYPD
.

Chapter 6

Tuchman,
Guns
; Millman,
Detonators
; Jones and Hollister,
German Secret Service
; Landau,
Enemy Within
; Strother,
Fighting Germany’s Spies
; Nicolai,
German Secret Service
; von Bernstorff,
Three Years
; von Bernstorff,
Memoirs
; Doerries,
Imperial Challenge
; Carnegie Endowment,
Official German Documents
; Witcover,
Sabotage
; Seymour,
Woodrow Wilson
; Bass,
America’s Entry
; Doenecke,
Nothing Less
; McMaster,
United States in the World War
; Stevenson,
Cataclysm
.

Chapter 7

Tunney,
Throttled!
; Reppetto,
Battleground, New York City
; Reppetto and Lardner,
NYPD
;
New York Times
, March 5, 1915; Case,
Guy Hamilton Scull.

Chapter 8

Von Bernstorff,
Three Years
; von Bernstorff,
Memoirs
; Witcover,
Sabotage
; Millman,
Detonators
; Tunney,
Throttled!
; New York Police Department service records; New York City real estate records; interviews with Fuller Place residents; Case,
Guy Hamilton Scull.

Chapter 9

“Harvard Teacher Still at Large,”
New York Times
, April 30, 1906; Russell,
Day Morgan Was Shot
; Tunney,
Throttled!
; Montalbano, “The Station Agent”; “Knew Muenter in Mexico,”
New York Times
, July 10, 1915; “Muenter Letters Rational,”
New York Times
, July 10, 1915; “Holt Is Muenter, Say Associates,”
New York Times
, July 5, 1915.

Chapter 10

Von Bernstorff,
Memoirs
; Tuchman,
Zimmermann
; von Bernstorff,
Three Years
; Landau,
Enemy Within
; Millman,
Detonators
; Strother,
Fighting Germany’s Spies
; Jones and Hollister,
German Secret Service
; Carnegie Endowment,
Official German Documents
; National Archives; Witcover,
Sabotage
; von der Goltz,
My Adventures
; Barton,
Celebrated Spies
; Wheeler, “History of Intelligence”; von Papen,
Memoirs
; Koeves,
Satan in Top Hat
; Doenecke,
Nothing Less
; McMaster,
United States in the World War
; Stevenson,
Cataclysm
; Tuchman,
Guns.

Chapter 11

Von der Goltz,
My Adventures
; Witcover,
Sabotage
; Millman,
Detonators
; National Archives; Douglas L. Wheeler, “Spy Mania and the Information War: The Hour of the Counterspy, 1914/15,”
American Intelligence Journal
14, no. 1 (1993): 41–45; Wheeler, “History of Intelligence”; von Papen,
Memoirs
; Nicolai,
German Secret Service.

Chapter 12

Carnegie Endowment,
Of
ficial German Documents
; National Archives; Tuchman,
Zimmermann
; Stevenson,
Cataclysm
; Witcover,
Sabotage
; Millman,
Detonators
; Landau,
Enemy Within
; Jones and Hollister,
German Secret Service
; Wheeler, “History of Intelligence”; “A Decent Bed,” Streetscapes,
New York Times
, January 14, 2000.

Chapter 13

National Archives; Tuchman,
Zimmermann
; Tunney,
Throttled!
; Landau,
Enemy Within
; Jones and Hollister,
German Secret Service
; Warner, “Kaiser Sows Destruction”; Wheeler, “History of Intelligence.”

Chapter 14

Tunney,
Throttled!
; Reppetto,
Battleground, New York City
; Reppetto and Lardner,
NYPD
; Case,
Guy Hamilton Scull
; Harvard College Alumni Directory; “Guy H. Scull Dies,”
New York Times
, October 20, 1920; New York Police Department Museum; Tuchman,
Zimmermann
; Spence, “Englishmen in New York.”

Chapter 15

Tuchman,
Zimmermann
; von der Goltz,
My Adventures
; Nicolai,
German Secret Service
; Carnegie Endowment,
Official German Documents
; National Archives, Hall’s affidavit, Mixed Claims Commission; Landau,
Enemy Within
; Jones and Hollister,
German Secret Service
; James,
Eyes of the Navy
; Ewing,
Man of Room 40
; Willert,
Road to Safety
; Witcover,
Sabotage
; Millman,
Detonators
; Andrew,
Her Majesty’s Secret Service
; Beesley,
Room 40
; Gannon,
Inside Room 40
.

Chapter 16

Tuchman,
Zimmermann
; Case,
Guy Hamilton Scull
; Tunney,
Throttled!
; Andrew,
Her Majesty’s Secret Service
; Beesley,
Room 40
; Gannon,
Inside Room 40
; Warner, “Kaiser Sows Destruction”; Wheeler, “History of Intelligence”; National Archives; Spence, “Englishmen in New York”; Russell,
True Adventures
; George G. Aston,
Secret Service
(New York: Cosmopolitan, 1930); Millman,
Detonators
; Witcover,
Sabotage
; Jeffrey M. Dorwart,
The Office of Naval Intelligence: The Birth of America’s First Intelligence Agency, 1865– 1918
(Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1979); Jones and Hollister,
German Secret Service
; Powe,
War Department Intelligence Agency
; Willert,
Road to Safety
;
Report and Hearings Before the Senate Subcommittee on the Judiciary
, 65th Cong., 1st sess., doc. 62 (1919);
Espionage and Interference with Neutrality: Hearings on H.R. 291 Before the Committee on the Judiciary
, 65th Cong., 1st sess. (1917).

Chapter 17

Arthur Woods, “The Policeman of Today,”
Journal of the National Institute of Social Science
3 (1917); Tunney,
Throttled!
; Reppetto,
Battleground, New York City
; Reppetto and Lardner,
NYPD
; “Ex-Detective Barnitz Buried,”
New York Times
, June 8, 1927; New York Police Department service records.

Chapter 18

Witcover,
Sabotage
; Millman,
Detonators
; Tunney,
Throttled!
; Lopate,
Waterfront
; Case,
Guy Hamilton Scull.

Chapter 19

Witcover,
Sabotage
; Millman,
Detonators
; Tunney,
Throttled!
; Case,
Guy Hamilton Scull
; Landau,
Enemy Within
; Jones and Hollister,
German Secret Service
; Wheeler, “History of Intelligence”; R. B. Hill, “The Early Years of the Strowger System” and “Early Work on Dial System,”
Bell Laboratories Record
, March 1953 and January 1953; Bob Stoffels, “Almon Brown Strowger and Patent No. 447,918,”
OSP Magazine
, January 2010.

Chapter 20

Carnegie Endowment,
Official German Documents
; National Archives; Doenecke,
Nothing Less
; Stevenson,
Cataclysm
; Tuchman,
Zimmermann
; Millman,
Detonators
; Witcover,
Sabotage
; McMaster,
United States in the World War
; Chernow,
House of Morgan
; Forbes,
J. P. Morgan
;
Hearings Before the Special U.S. Senate Committee Investigating
the Munitions Industry
, 74th Cong., 2nd sess. (1937); Willert,
Road to Safety
; Keegan,
First World War
; Tumulty,
Wilson as I Know Him
; Daniels,
Years of Peace
; Dearle,
Economic Chronicle of the Great War
; Lansing,
War Memoirs
; “Wilson’s Change of Attitude on War Loans” and “U.S. Policy on War Loans to Belligerents,” Brigham Young University World War I Document Archive.

Chapter 21

Von Rintelen,
Dark Invader
; Millman,
Detonators
; Witcover,
Sabotage
; Nicolai,
German Secret Service
; Holmes,
Oxford Companion to Military History
; Tuchman,
Zimmermann
; Wheeler, “History of Intelligence”; Jones and Hollister,
German Secret Service
; Strother,
Fighting Germany’s Spies
; Landau,
Enemy Within
; Keegan,
First World War
; Tuchman,
Guns
; Willert,
Road to Safety
; Tunney,
Throttled!