Dirty Wars (142 page)

and al Shabab,
199
–200,
298

and Black Hawk Down incident,
197
–198

and CIA, and Somali warlord program,
199

death of,
489

and Dheere,
199

and Djibouti Agreement,
227

education of,
197

and Ethiopian occupation of Somalia,
226

and Hammami,
271

as HVT,
197

and Mombasa attacks,
119
,
198
–199

and Qanyare,
199

and US embassy, Kenya, bombing of,
119
,
196
–197,
198

and US embassy, Tanzania, bombing of,
119
,
196
–197,
198

Mohammed, Omar Bakri,
292

Mohsen, Ali,
462

Mombasa attacks,
119
,
198
–199

Moore, Joseph,
212

Morell, Mike,
436
,
442

Morrell, Geoff,
410
–411

Motel
6
(interrogation facility),
147

Moussaoui, Zacarias,
28

Mubarak, Hosni,
308
,
430
,
431

Mueller, Robert,
63
,
72

and Awlaki, Anwar, interrogation of,
187

and Saleh, Ali Abdullah,
64

Mugisha, Nathan,
485

Muhajir, Abu Abdullah al-,
493

Muhammad, Abdulhakim Mujahid (aka Carlos Bledsoe),
260
–263

and drive-by shooting at Arkansas recruitment center,
260
–261

and FBI interrogation,
260

Mullen, Michael,
410
,
427

and Afghanistan,
282

and al Qaeda,
256
,
263

and Majalah massacre,
308
–309

and McChrystal, resignation of,
349

and Yemen,
321

Muller, Scott,
156

Multi-National Security Transition Command-Iraq,
164

Multilateralism,
8

Mumbai bombings,
413

Muntasir, Abu,
37

Muse, Abduwali,
482

Muse, Kurt,
53

Musharraf, Pervez,
169
,
216
,
217
,
245

Muslim and Arab communities, government harassment of,
43
–44

Muslim Association of Britain,
134

Muslim Brotherhood,
134
,
188

Muslimpad,
289

Mutallab, Alhaji Umaru,
317
,
320

Myers, Richard, 908

Nabhan, Saleh Ali Saleh,
119
,
198
,
272
,
396
,
470

and CIA, and Somali warlord program,
199
,
200

and Djibouti Agreement,
227

and Ethiopian occupation of Somalia,
226

and Hammami,
271

JSOC, targeted killing of,
295
–296,
297
,
299

JSOC hunt for,
294

Nadari, Shaykh Harith al-,
187
,
235
,
456

Nairobi, US embassy in,
120
,
198
,
199

Nakhleh, Emile,
15
,
65
,
211
,
322
,
326
,
363
,
467
–468

and Awlaki, Anwar, web sermons of,
234

Nance, Malcolm,
58
,
86
,
163
–164

and Camp NAMA,
155
,
157

and ICU, and US-backed Ethiopian invasion of Somalia,
209

and JSOC, and targeted killings/drone strikes, in Somalia,
295
–296

and Somalia,
205

National Command Authority,
92

National Counterterrorism Center,
255
,
281

National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency,
162

National Imagery and Mapping Agency,
95

National Missions Force,
98

National Reconnaissance Office,
95

National Security Act of 1947,
24

National Security Agency (NSA),
95
,
99
,
470
,
471
–472

and bin Laden at Abbottabad compound,
440

and Real Time Regional Gateway,
162

National Security Council,
29
,
117
,
325
,
508

kill list,
351

National Security Decision Directive (NSDD),
51

National Security Presidential Directive,
17

National Security Presidential Directive-1 (NSPD-1),
16

National Security Presidential Directive-38 (NSPD-38),
171

National Security Service (NSS; Somalia),
472

National sovereignty, and assassination operations,
169

“National Strategy for Combating Terrorism” (Bush),
117

NATO, and Gardez raid/massacre,
338
,
339
,
340
–341,
342
,
343
–344

Natural resources, dominance over, and neo-conservatives,
8

Naval Postgraduate School,
116

Naval Special Warfare Development Group (DEVGRU),
51
,
115
,
438
,
439

Navy SEALs.
See
US Navy SEALs

Naylor, Sean,
127
,
199

Negroponte, John,
186
,
207

Neoconservative leaders,
9
.
See also
Cheney, Dick; Rumsfeld, Donald

Neoconservative movement

aims of,
9
–10

beliefs of,
8

and Obama, cabinet selection of,
246

Neoconservatives

and Cheney, defense plan of,
8

and CIA, oversight changes in,
23
–24

and McChrystal,
109

and natural resources, dominance over,
8

and shadow government,
7

New Mexico State University,
31

New York City Bar Association, Committee on International Human Rights,
149
–150

Nicaragua,
11
,
165

Night raids,
521

in Afghanistan,
332
–334 (
see also
Gardez raid/massacre)

and anti-US sentiment,
518

escalation of, and Afghanistan insurgency,
349

and Taliban, support for,
348

Night Stalkers.
See
160
th Special Operations Aviation Regiment

9/11 attacks and Awlaki, Anwar, response of,
37
,
39
–40,
41
–42,
43

exploitation of,
19

and hit list,
14

and war, right to declare,
19
–20

Nixon, Richard,
9

Niyoyunguruza, Juvenal,
299

Nobel Peace Prize, and Obama,
301
–302

Nodal analysis patterns of movement,
173

Noor, Abdulkadir Moalin (aka “the Khalifa”),
479
–480

Noriega, Roger,
409
–410

Norris, Molly,
379
,
380

North, Oliver,
11
,
165

Northern Virginia Paintball Jihad,
72

Northwest Flight
253
Christmas day bombing attempt,
317
–321,
369
,
378

NSA.
See
National Security Agency

NSDD.
See
National Security Decision Directive

NSPD-i.
See
National Security Presidential Directive-1

NSPD-38.
See
National Security Presidential Directive-38

NSS.
See
National Security Service

Nuhaas, Ibn,
137

Nur, Mohamed Ahmed,
494

Nur, Sheikh Aden Mohamed,
277

Obama, Barack,
169

and Afghanistan,
270
,
284

and Afghanistan, surge in,
328
–329

and Afghanistan strategy,
282

and African policy,
298

and al Qaeda,
248
,
255
–257,
294
,
320
–321

and al Shabab in Somalia,
271
–272,
272
–273

and AQAP bomb plot against US,
390

and assassination operations,
253

and assassination policy,
353
–354

and Awlaki, Anwar,
237
–238,
243
,
354

and Awlaki, Anwar, hunt for,
401

and Awlaki, Anwar, killing of,
499
–500,
501

and Awlaki, Anwar, strikes against, failure of,
314
–316,
453
–454

and Awlaki, Anwar as top terrorist,
269

and Awlaki, Nasser, letter from,
326
–327

and bin Laden at Abbottabad compound,
435
,
436
,
437
,
440
,
441
,
442
–443,
444
,
445
,
446
–447,
449
,
450
,
451
–452

and bin Laden raid, protest over,
458

and Blackwater-CIA-JSOC covert action, in Pakistan,
252
–253

and Bush, drone strike policies of, escalation and preservation of,
250
,
251

and Bush-era counterterrorism policy, expansion of,
261
,
516
–517,
520

and Bush-era covert wars, expansion of,
248
,
256
,
259
–260

and Bush-era detention policy, expansion of,
296

and Bush-era torture and detention programs, dismantling of,
248

cabinet selection of,
246

and Cheney,
247
,
320

and CIA interrogation and torture/techniques,
245

and CIA-JSOC divide,
350
–351

and clandestine action,
282
–283

and counterinsurgency, in Afghanistan,
328
–329

and counterterrorism policy,
246
–247,
249
–250,
295
–297

and counterterrorism policy, expansion of,
261

and counterterrorism policy, reframing of,
297
–298

and counterterrorism policy, SOFs role in,
355

and covert wars, US,
301
–302

and Davis incident,
403
,
404
,
423
,
424
,
425

and drone program,
515
–516

and first annual budget request,
298

foreign policy of,
244
–247

and Global War on Terror,
468

and Guantánamo, and Yemeni prisoners, repatriation of,
323

and Guantánamo, and Yemeni prisoners, transfer of,
256
,
257
–258,
261

and Guantánamo prison break,
254

inauguration of (second term),
513

interrogation policy of,
261

and Israel, and right to defend against missile attacks,
519

and JSOC,
329

and JSOC, and clandestine action,
282

and JSOC, expansion of authority of,
297

and JSOC, in Somalia,
295
–296

and JSOC, support for,
355

and JSOC, transformation of,
259

and JSOC-ization of US counterterrorism policy,
350
–351

and JSOC operations, intensification of,
350

and JSOC/SOFs, admiration for,
276

and “just war” theory,
353

and kill/capture operations,
245
–246

and
Maersk Alabama,
hijacking of,
274
–276

and Majalah massacre,
308

and McCain,
245
–246,
256

and McChrystal, resignation of,
349

and Musharraf,
245

Nobel Peace Prize speech of,
301
–302

and piracy industry in Somalia,
482
–483

Republicans' attack on,
320
–321

and Saleh, Ali Abdullah,
256
,
257
–258

and secret prisons/black sites,
294
,
296
,
473

and Shabwani incident,
357
–358

and Shaye,
399

and Signature Strikes,
249
,
352

and smart war,
515

and SOFs, increased presence of,
354
–355

and Somalia, dual-track policy in,
474
–475,
476
,
477

and spy programs, in Pakistan,
250

and targeted killings/drone strikes,
295
–296,
473

and targeted killings/drone strikes, and al Qaeda recruitment,
494

and targeted killings/drone strikes, expansion of,
513
–514

and targeted killings/drone strikes, final authority over,
351
–352

and targeted killings/drone strikes, in Pakistan,
248
–250,
255
,
352

and targeted killings/drone strikes, in Yemen,
78

and targeted killings/drone strikes, legality of,
517
–518,
519
–521