Eavesdropping (32 page)
Authors: John L. Locke
3
Reynolds 1972; nearly two million years ago a camp was built in eastern Africa that was later discovered by archeologist Mary Leakey. She found that this camp, known as the Stone Circle, conformed to a plan that was practically identical in size and shape to camps built by freely living groups just a few generations ago. The Circle, Leakey wrote, “resembles temporary structures often made by present-day nomadic peoples” (Leakey 1971, p. 24).
4
Hedge 1982; Oldham 1988; Sundstrom et al. 1982.
5
The correct spelling is actually !Kung, where the first symbol represents a lingual (alveopalatal) click. This tribe is also known as the Ju/hoansi (or Ju/wasi).
6
Yellen 1977, p. 134.
7
Briggs 1971, p. 77.
8
Yellen 1977.
9
Lee 1979b, p. 461.
10
Gould 1977.
11
Groves & Sabater Pi 1985.
12
Dentan 1968, p. 29.
13
Dentan 1968, pp. 28–29.
14
Dentan 1968, p. 29.
15
Bird-David 1994.
16
Bird-David 1994, pp. 590–591.
17
Shore 1982, p. 179.
18
Shore 1982, p. 180.
19
Roberts & Gregor 1971.
20
Sundstrom et al. 1982.
21
Archea 1977, p. 121.
22
Dentan 1968, p. 29.
23
Foster 1960.
24
Forge 1972, p. 374.
25
Humphrey 2007, p. 752.
26
Fejos 1943.
27
Fried 1968, p. 475.
28
Narroll 1959.
29
Foster 1960, p. 177.
30
Forge 1972, p. 375.
1
Leyhausen 1971.
2
Gregor 1977, p. 244; Klopfer & Rubenstein 1977, p. 62; Thomas Nagel, “The shredding of public privacy,”
Times Literary Supplement
, August 14, 1998; Schwartz 1968, p. 741.
3
Excavation of a camp found on the French Riviera indicates that the ability to build existed three to four hundred thousand years ago (de Lumley 1969; Kostof 1995).
4
Cohen 1977, pp. 122–123.
5
Hitchcock 1987.
6
Cohen 1977, p. 133.
7
Wilson 1988.
8
Barker 2006; Cohen 1977. Wilson 1988 interprets early fishing settlements to mean that it was population pressures more than agriculture that produced the drift into sedentism.
9
Barker 2006.
10
Kent 1989; Lee 1979b.
11
Rapoport 1969, p. 20, italics mine.
12
Cooper 1946, pp. 110–111.
13
Rapoport 1969, p. 21, italics mine.
14
Carpenter 1966, p. 221.
15
Wilson 1988, p. 173.
16
Roberts & Gregor 1971.
17
Draper 1973.
18
Feeley-Harnik 1980, p. 562.
19
Feeley-Harnik 1980, p. 564.
20
Feeley-Harnik 1980, p. 568.
21
Feeley-Harnik 1980, p. 581.
22
Feeley-Harnik 1980, p. 580.
23
Haviland & Haviland 1983.
24
Haviland & Haviland 1983, p. 347.
25
Haviland & Haviland 1983, p. 347, italics theirs.
26
Haviland & Haviland 1983, p. 354.
27
Haviland & Haviland 1983, p. 349.
28
Barker 2006.
29
Byrd 2005.
30
Foster 1960.
31
Wilson 1988, p. 104.
32
Gregor 1970.
33
Gregor 1970, p. 244.
34
Gregor 1970, p. 244, italics mine.
35
Smith 1997.
36
Weitman 1973, p. 230, italics mine.
37
Flannery 1972.
1
Wilson 1988, p. 173.
2
Campbell 1964, pp. 292–293.
3
Allen 1988, p. 15, italics mine.
4
Arendt 1959, p. 58.
5
Delany 1969, p. 21.
6
Muchembled 1985, p. 41, italics his.
7
Duby 1987, p. viii.
8
Hamill 1969, p. 151.
9
Le Roy Ladurie 1978, p. 256.
10
Bok 1982, p. 13.
11
Glassie 1972, p. 43, italics mine.
12
Muchembled 1985, pp. 34, 35.
13
Ward 1999.
14
Stevenson 1879 / 1992, p. 173.
15
Muchembled 1985.
16
Sarti 2002, pp. 121–122.
17
Smith 2000, p. 20.
18
Gadlin 1976, p. 305.
19
Smith 2000, p. 204.
20
Allen 1988.
21
These concerns are reflected today in the authorship of books on privacy. Do a literature search and you will find, as I have, that many of the books written by men warn of creeping surveillance by the government, or of threats to privacy in the context of business, banking, or computing. Women’s books, on the other hand, stress the importance of privacy in the context of relations and family life.
22
Ellis 1899/1942.
23
Parker 1974, p. 280.
24
Sarti 2002.
25
Ariès 1989.
26
Corbin 1990.
27
Corbin 1990; Ariès 1989.
28
Mansfield & Winthrop 2000.
29
Gadlin 1976, p. 306.
30
Bagehot 1853/1911, p. 134.
31
Duby 1987, p. viii.
32
Baumeister 1986, p. v.
33
Le Sage 1707, p. 39.
34
Ames 1973.
1
Hunter 1994.
2
Hunter 1994, p. 117.
3
Hunter 1994.
4
Hunter 1994, p. 83.
5
Bateson et al. 2006.
6
Maloney 1976, p. vii.
7
Ginsburg & Shechtman 1993, p. 1851.
8
McAdams 1996, pp. 2266–2267.
9
Wilson 2003.
10
Posner 1993.
11
Fletcher 1993, p. 1626.
12
Thompson 1975.
13
Walker 1960, p. 21.
14
Thompson 1983.
15
Farge 1989, p. 578.
16
Perrot 1990, p. 228.
17
In Perrot 1990, p. 228.
18
Ernaux 1992, pp. 15–16.
19
Crawford and Gowing 2000, quotes from pp. 156–157.
20
Le Roy Ladurie 1978, p. 258.
21
Gouge 1622 / 1976, p. 259.
22
For additional details, see Castan, N. 1989, among many sources.
23
Castan, N. 1989, p. 417.
24
Castan, N. 1989, p. 417.
25
Locke & Bogin 2006.
26
Bott 1971, p. 67.
27
Emler 1992, pp. 23, 24.
28
Walsh 1977.
29
The term may have come from the Old Norse
upsardropi
, derived from
ups
“eaves” +
dropi
“a drop.”
30
Blackstone 1796, p. 169.
31
McIntosh 1996, p. 93.
32
McIntosh 1998.
33
McIntosh 1991, p. 68.
34
The Legal News
, 30 July 1887, p. 241
35
McIntosh 1991, p. 68.
36
Russell 1958.
37
Stone 1977, p. 98.
38
McIntosh 1998, p. 175.
39
Mendelson & Crawford 1998, p. 212.
40
McIntosh 1996.
41
McIntosh 1998.
42
William Sheppard (or Shepherd),
A Grand Abridgment of the Common and Statute Law of England
(London, 1675), quoted in Boose 1991, p. 189.
43
Blackstone 1796, ch. 13.
44
Gowing 1996, p. 2.
45
Goldberg 1995.
46
Springer 1998.
47
Poor Robin’s True Character of a Schold, or, the Shrews Looking Glass
. London: Printed for L. C. 1678.
48
Roberts 1616.
49
Shoemaker 2004, p. 62.
50
Harper 1638.
51
Plot 1686, p. 389.
52
Blacklock 1897.
53
Brushfield 1855, p. 37.
54
Lackington 1795, p. 278.
55
Boose 1991, p. 206.
56
Fabre 1989, p. 535.
57
Davis 1975.
58
Fabre 1989, p. 535; Alford 1959.
59
Thompson 1991; Ingram 1984.
60
Fletcher 1995, pp. 271–2.
61
Ingram 1994.
62
Fletcher 1995, p. 272.
1
Balzac 1847/1968.
2
Geist 1983, p. 67.
3
Benjamin 1973.
4
Prendergast 1992.
5
Featherstone 1998.
6
Benjamin 1983, p. 36.
7
Tester 1994.
8
Baudelaire 1863/1995, p. 10.
9
Baudelaire 1869 / 1970, p. 20, quoted by Tester 1994, p. 3.
10
Shaya 2004, p. 49.
11
See Forgione 2005, p. 680.
12
Hamilton 1929; Kinsey et al. 1953.
13
Tjaden and Thoennes 1997; Locke 2005.
14
Gleber 1999, p. 171.
15
Figure 12 in Sieburth 1984.
16
Addison 1711, p. 51.
17
Prendergast 1992, p. 134.
18
Smith 1841.
19
Sieburth 1984, p. 175 and p. 166.
20
Prendergast 1992.
21
Murkowski 1933/1970, p. 406.
22
Humphrey 2007, p. 749.
23
Individuation is also evident in
Pont Neuf
, painted by Renoir in 1872 (Forgione 2005).
24
Benjamin 1973, p. 35.
25
Sieburth 1984.
26
Prendergast 1992, p. 134.
27
Ferguson 1994, pp. 27–28.
28
Benjamin 1973, p. 175.
29
Poe 1840, pp. 63, 64. In fact, Poe’s account was the inspiration for Baudelaire’s; Mazlish 1994.
30
Bédarida & Sutcliffe 1980; Buck-Morss 1986; Featherstone 1998; Forgione 2005.
31
Miller 1981.
32
Forgione 2005.
33
Zola 1881/2001, p. xxii.
34
Steele 1985.
35
Miller 1981, p. 192.
36
R. Dupouy, De la kleptomanie.
Journal de Psychologie Normale et Pathologique
(1905), 413, cited in Miller 1981, p. 204.
37
Friedberg 1994, p. 36.
38
Williams 1902, p. 69.
39
Bedarida & Sutcliffe 1980; Buck-Morss 1986; Featherstone 1998.
40
Prendergast 1992.
41
Prendergast 1992.
42
Corfield 1990.
43
Cranz 1980, p. S80 and S81.
44
Love 1973.
45
Lyle 1970, p. 51.
46
Lennard & Lennard 1984.
47
Oosterman 1992, p. 162.
1
Trials for adultery; or, the history of divorces. Being select trials at Doctors commons, for adultery, fornication, cruelty, impotence, & c. From the year 1760, to the present time. Including the whole of the evidence on each cause
. New York: Garland, 1985. Quotations from vol. I, pp. 20–24.
2
Kent 1989.
3
Hobsbawm 1968, cited in Robbins 1986, p. 15.
4
Veblen 1899/1957, p. 39.
5
Turner 1962.
6
Kussmaul 1981.
7
Hunter 1994; Sarti 2002; Dawes1973; Dutch art reveals this integration of employers and staff. It is difficult to distinguish servants and family members, wrote Simon Schama, since the former were “axiomatically included” in domestic scenes (Schama 1991). In the seventeenth century, according to Wayne Franits, Dutch maids frequently ate at the same table as the family, even when they had dinner guests (Franits 1993).
8
Fairchilds 1984.
9
Blackstone 1796, cited in Steedman 2003, p. 320.
10
In Steedman 2003, p. 321.
11
Sarti 2002, p. 144.
12
Turner 1962, p. 15.
13
Hecht 1980, p. 221.
14
McBride 1974, p. 53.
15
Sarti 2002.
16
Adams & Adams 1825, p. 20.
17
May 1998.
18
Braddon 1863/1998, p. 245.
19
Town & Country Magazine, 10.234
(1778), 222; in Stone 1990, p. 222.
20
Selections from the Letters of Geraldine Endsor Jewsbury to Jane Welsh Cashyle
, ed. Mrs Alexander Ireland. London: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1892. Letter dated 3 August 1852. Quoted in Flanders 2003, 152–153.
21
Flanders 2003, pp. 152–153.
22
Mainardi 2003, p. 61.
23
Hunter 1994.
24
Stone 1990, p. 222.
25
Stone 1990, p. 221.
26
Trials for adultery
, vol. 3, p. 15.
27
Trials for adultery
, vol. 3, p. 24.
28
Trials for adultery
, vol. 6, p. 70.
29
Trodd 1989, p. 162.
30
Schama 1991.
31
Robinson 1987.
32
Trodd 1989, p. 246.
33
Stone & Stone 1984.
34
Boswell 1758, p. 226.
1
Dawkins 1982.
2
McNeill 2003, p. 25.
3
McNeill 2003.
4
McNeill 2003, p. 27; italics mine.