Eleanor and Franklin (169 page)

6
.
Woman's Home Companion,
May, 1934; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Newton D. Baker, Oct. 4, 1934, and Baker's reply, Oct. 8, 1934.

7
. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt, Dec. 3, 1934.

8
. Eleanor Roosevelt described this experience in a speech to the Altrusa Club, El Paso, Texas, March 11, 1938.

9
. Interview with Rabbi Arnold Lasker, one of the participants; Minutes of the Youth Today Meeting, Nov. 22, 1934; E. Roosevelt, speech, Altrusa Club.

10
. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Lady Florence Willert, Jan. 16, 1935.

11
. In questions and answers submitted by Harper's when she was writing
TIR
.

12
. Oursler,
Behold the Dreamer,
cited (Ch. 43), pp. 393–400; Smith, “The First Lady,” cited (Ch. 40).

13
. Frances Perkins, report to the Senate, April 5, 1935.

14
. E. Roosevelt,
TIR,
cited (Ch. 16), pp. 162–63.

15
. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Cornelia S. Adair, Oct. 23, 1935; Eleanor Roosevelt's “too late” comments on the Williams letter, Aug. 20, 1935; letters from Aubrey Williams to Eleanor Roosevelt, Nov. 22 and 23, 1935; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Aubrey Williams, Nov. 30, 1935.

16
. Letter from Aubrey Williams to Eleanor Roosevelt, Nov. 20, 1935; Aubrey Williams, “Youth and the Government,”
Progressive Education,
Dec., 1935; Ruby Black,
Eleanor Roosevelt
(New York, 1940); letter from Ruby Black to Malvina Thompson Scheider, July 5, 1940.

17
. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Homer Rainey, March 24, 1936; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to John Lang, March 21, 1936; Eleanor Roosevelt, radio broadcast, March 18, 1936; Republican criticism of the NYA made by Mrs. Eugene Meyer in radio debate, Feb. 27, 1936.

18
. Letter from Camp Jane Addams' girls to Eleanor Roosevelt, June 25, 1936.

19
. Letter from Aubrey Williams to Eleanor Roosevelt, Oct. 14, 1936; letter from Charles Taussig to Eleanor Roosevelt, June, 1940; letter from Mrs. Carroll to Eleanor Roosevelt, Aug. 13, 1936.

20
. Eleanor Roosevelt, speech at the University of North Carolina, June 1, 1935.

21
. E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” cited (Ch. 8), Dec. 6, 1936.

22
. Letter from Viola Ilma to Eleanor Roosevelt, June 15, 1934, and Eleanor Roosevelt's reply, Aug. 15, 1934.

23
. Letter from Viola Ilma to Eleanor Roosevelt, Dec. 7, 1934.

24
. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Waldo McNutt, April 23, 1935.

25
. Letters from Eleanor Roosevelt to William Hinckley, Jan. 16 and 21, 1936; Associated Press, Feb. 9, 1936.

26
. Summary of the Proceedings of the National Council of the American Youth Congress, Jan., 1936; William Hinckley, in
Progressive Education,
Dec., 1935.

27
. Summary of the Proceedings of the National Council of the American Youth Congress,
op. cit.;
for the NYA's analysis of the American Youth Act, see the memorandum from Dorothy I. Cline, undated.

28
. Letter from Mark McCloskey to Eleanor Roosevelt, Feb. 4, 1936, and Eleanor Roosevelt's reply, Feb. 11, 1936.

29
. Letter from Joseph P. Lash to a friend, Jan. 29, 1936.

30
. Letter from John Little, New York chairman of the Young Communist League, to Eleanor Roosevelt, May 4, 1936, and Eleanor Roosevelt's reply, May 9, 1936.

31
. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to William Hinckley, Nov. 30, 1936.

32
. Letter from Abbott Simon to Eleanor Roosevelt, Jan. 7, 1937; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Abbott Simon, Jan. 14, 1937.

33
. See letters from Eleanor Roosevelt to Robert Fechner, director of the CCC, Dec. 11, 1935; from Robert Fechner to the War Dept., Dec. 12, 1935; from Robert Fechner to Eleanor Roosevelt, Dec. 12, 1935.

34
. Letters from Abbott Simon to Franklin D. Roosevelt, Feb. 11 and 12, 1937; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Abbott Simon, Feb. 13, 1937; Minutes of the National Executive Committee, American Student Union, March 20 and 21, 1937.

35
. Letter from the American Youth Congress to affiliates, March 8, 1937; letter from Aubrey Williams to William Hinckley, Feb. 22, 1937.

36
. Letter from Mark McCloskey to Eleanor Roosevelt, Feb. 11, 1938, and Eleanor Roosevelt's reply, Feb. 15, 1938.

37
. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Mark McCloskey, Feb. 15, 1938.

38
. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Franklin D. Roosevelt, Jan. 7, 1938.

39
.
America,
Aug. 6, 1938; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Father Murphy, Aug. 16, 1938.

40
. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to James West, Aug. 13, 1938.

41
. E. Roosevelt, speech, Altrusa Club.

42
. E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” Aug. 16, 17, and 21, 1938.

43
. Letter from Aubrey Williams to William Hinckley, Feb. 22, 1937.

44
. Eleanor Roosevelt, speech to the
New York Herald Tribune
Forum,
New York Times,
Oct. 25, 1938; Abbott Simon, report to the American Youth Congress, Feb. 17, 1938; Minutes of the American Youth Congress Resident Board, May 2, 1938.

45
. May Craig, syndicated columns, Oct., 1938.

46
. Joseph P. Lash, speech “Students in the Service of Democracy,” Dec. 27, 1938; memorandum from Franklin D. Roosevelt, Jan. 17, 1939; letter from James Roosevelt to Franklin D. Roosevelt, Feb. 2, 1939, and Franklin Roosevelt's telegram in reply, undated.

47
. Associated Press, Jan. 31, 1939.

48
. Letter from Aubrey Williams to Eleanor Roosevelt, June 21, 1939; Minutes of the American Youth Congress Resident Board, May 18, 1939; F. D. Roosevelt,
Public Papers,
cited (Ch. 13), 1939, p. 332.

49
. Alexander, OHP.

50
. Letter from Harry Hopkins to Eleanor Roosevelt, Sept. 18, 1940.

51
. Letter from Aubrey Williams to Eleanor Roosevelt, Aug. 1, 1939.

52
. “A Program of Action,” issued by the American Youth Commission, Oct., 1939; Eleanor Roosevelt, speech to the American Youth Congress, Feb. 21, 1939.

53
. “Proceedings of the Model Congress of Youth, July 1–5, 1939,” American Youth Congress;
Time,
July 17, 1939.

54
.
Ibid.

46. FROM PACIFIST TO ANTI-FASCIST

1
. Irwin Shaw, in the
New York Times,
May 3, 1936; E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” cited (Ch. 38), May 20, 1936.

2
. Eleanor Roosevelt, speech, Jan. 24, 1934;
New York Times,
May 19, 1934, and Jan. 3, 1935.

3
. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Lewis Chamberlain, Feb. 19, 1934; letter from Steve Early to Claude Swanson, May 23, 1934, and Swanson's reply, May 26, 1934; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Jeannette Rankin, Oct. 23, 1933; Franklin D. Roosevelt's attitude toward Japan based on Eleanor Roosevelt's reply to a question submitted by Lorena Hickok in connection with the writing of
TIR
.

4
. Mary Gray Peck,
Carrie Chapman Catt
(New York, 1944), p. 351.

5
.
New York Herald Tribune,
April 24, 1933.

6
. Letter from Esther Lape to Eleanor Roosevelt, Dec. 10, 1933; letter from Franklin D. Roosevelt to Eleanor Roosevelt, Dec. 19, 1933; letter from Esther Lape to Eleanor Roosevelt, mid-Jan., 1934.

7
. Letter from Esther Lape to Eleanor Roosevelt, March 18, 1934, and Eleanor Roosevelt's
reply, March 19, 1934; letter from Esther Lape to Eleanor Roosevelt, March 19, 1934;
New York Times
, March 23, 1934; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Esther Lape, April 12, 1934; letter from Esther Lape to Eleanor Roosevelt, Oct. 9, 1934; Hull,
Memoirs
, cited (Ch. 36), p. 388.

8
. Wire from Esther Lape to Eleanor Roosevelt, Jan. 15, 1935.

9
. F. D. Roosevelt,
Public Papers,
cited (Ch. 13), 1934, pp. 40–41;
New York Times,
Jan. 16, 1935.

10
. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Esther Lape, Jan. 24, 1935.

11
. Eleanor Roosevelt, speech on WNBC, Jan. 27, 1935.

12
. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Esther Lape, Feb. 1, 1935.

13
. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Mrs. Kendall Emerson, Feb. 12, 1935.

14
. Ickes,
Secret Diary,
cited (Ch. 24), I, pp. 284–85.

15
. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to the League of Nations Association, Feb. 20, 1935.

16
. Eleanor Roosevelt, speech in Chicago,
New York Times,
Nov. 1, 1935; on the defects of the “merchants of death” thesis, see George Thayer,
The International Trade in Armaments
(New York, 1969).

17
. Hull, pp. 398–400.

18
. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to John Haynes Holmes, Oct. 23, 1935.

19
. Letter from Carola von Schaeffer-Bernstein to Eleanor Roosevelt, Jan. 3, 1936, and Eleanor Roosevelt's reply, Jan. 28, 1936.

20
.
New York Times,
Jan. 24, 1936.

21
. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Miss Schillinger (with a copy to Farley), April 22, 1936.

22
. Letter from Felix Frankfurter to Missy LeHand, April 14, 1936; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Felix Frankfurter, April 18, 1936; letter from Felix Frankfurter to Eleanor Roosevelt, April 21, 1936, and Eleanor Roosevelt's reply, April 30, 1936.

23
. Clarence Pickett's draft of Eleanor Roosevelt's speech for the Emergency Peace Campaign with Franklin D. Roosevelt's corrections, Eleanor Roosevelt file.

24
. Sumner Welles,
Seven Decisions That Shaped History
(New York, 1950), p. 4; E. Roosevelt,
My Days
, cited (Ch. 39), pp. 28–29.

25
. Letter from Hendrik Willem Van Loon to Eleanor Roosevelt, June 23, 1935; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to the Thomas Manns, June 22, 1935.

26
. Letter from George F. Peabody to Eleanor Roosevelt, April 2, 1936; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Clarence Pickett, April 2, 1936.

27
.
New York Times,
Aug. 28, 1936; Krock,
Memoirs,
cited (Ch. 40), p. 183.

28
. Letter from Clarence Pickett to Eleanor Roosevelt, Aug. 28, 1936, and Eleanor Roosevelt's reply, Aug. 31, 1936.

29
. Letter from Adm. Richard Byrd to Eleanor Roosevelt, Jan. 27, 1937.

30
. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Adm. Richard Byrd, Jan. 27, 1937.

31
.
New York Times
, April 7, 1937.

32
. See F. D. Roosevelt,
Public Papers,
1937, pp. 406–11, for “quarantine” speech delivered Oct. 5, 1937, and
ibid.,
pp. 422–25, for the press conference held the next day at Hyde Park; E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” Oct. 6, 1937.

33
. Welles, pp. 71–73.

34
. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Miss Baker, Jan. 2, 1938; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Mrs. Graham, Feb. 2, 1938.

35
. Letter from Carola von Schaeffer-Bernstein to Eleanor Roosevelt Dec. 13, 1936; E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” May 27, 1937.

36
. E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” June 1, 1937.

37
.
Ibid.,
July 9, 1937; letter from Martha Gellhorn to Eleanor Roosevelt, July 18, 1937.

38
. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Anna Louise Strong, May 18, 1937.

39
. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Martha Gellhorn, June 14, 1937.

40
.
Ibid.,
June 24, 1937.

41
. Letter from Patrick Scanlan to Eleanor Roosevelt, Aug. 10, 1937, and Eleanor Roosevelt's reply, Aug. 10, 1937.

42
.
New York Times,
April 30, 1938, and May 2, 1938;
New York Herald Tribune,
April 18, 1938; E. Roosevelt,
My Days,
p. 238.

43
. Letter from Sra. de los Rios to Eleanor Roosevelt, April 2, 1938.

44
. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Louis Fischer, Feb. 25, 1938.

45
. Letter from Franklin D. Roosevelt to Eleanor Roosevelt, Dec. 8, 1938; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Martha Gellhorn, June 29, 1938.

46
. Max Lerner, in the
New York Post,
Nov. 9, 1962.

47
. Letter from Catherine Delehanty to Eleanor Roosevelt, Jan. 30, 1939, and Eleanor Roosevelt's reply, Feb. 7, 1939; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to C. P. Minnigerode of the Corcoran Gallery, Feb. 19, 1939.

48
. Letter from Sra. de los Rios to Eleanor Roosevelt, March 31, 1939.

49
. Letter from Annie T. Ganey to Eleanor Roosevelt, March 18, 1939, and Eleanor Roosevelt's reply, March 24, 1939.

50
. Gunther,
Roosevelt in Retrospect,
cited (Ch. 26), p. 191.

47. A SPIRITUAL SHOCK

1
. Eleanor Roosevelt's answer to Malvina Thompson Scheider's memorandum, Nov. 23, 1935; E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” cited (Ch. 8), Sept. 9, 1936.

2
. Lash Diaries, April 20, 1940; E. Roosevelt, notes in preparation for the writing of
TIR
.

3
. Welles,
Seven Decisions That Shaped History,
cited (Ch. 46), pp. 22–23.

4
. Eleanor Roosevelt, speech to the Conference on the Cause and Cure of War, Jan. 19, 1938.

5
. Sumner Welles,
The Time for Decision
(New York, 1944), pp. 66–67; Winston Churchill,
The Gathering Storm
(Boston, 1948), pp. 254, 255; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Martha Gellhorn, April 5, 1938.

6
. E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” Sept. 16, 1938.

7
.
Ibid
., Sept. 20, 1938.