Getting Screwed (34 page)

4.
Human Trafficking: Better Data, Strategy, and Reporting Needed to Enhance U.S. Antitrafficking Efforts Abroad,
U.S. Government Accountability Office (July 2006), 10,
http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d06825.pdf
.

5.
Human Trafficking: A Crime That Shames Us All
, Global Report on Trafficking in Persons, U.N. Office on Drugs and Crime (February 2009): 48,
http://www.unodc.org/documents/Global_Report_on_
TIP
.pdf
.

6.
Human Trafficking: Better Data, Strategy, and Reporting Needed
, 12.

7.
Duren Banks and Tracy Kyckelhahn,
Characteristics of Suspected Human Trafficking Incidents, 2008–2010
, Special Report, U.S. Department of Justice (April 2011), 1,
http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/cshti0810.pdf
.

8.
Amy Farrell, Jack McDevitt, and Stephanie Fahy, “Where Are All the Victims? Understanding the Determinants of Official Identification of Human Trafficking Incidents”
Criminology and Public Policy
9, no. 2 (2010): 215.

9.
Curtis et al., “The Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children in New York City,” 3.

10.
Martin Cizmar, Ellis Conklin, and Kristen Hinman, “Real Men Get Their Facts Straight,”
Village Voice,
June 20, 2011, 4. Laurel Kirchner, “Darts & Laurels,”
Columbia Journalism Review,
May 26, 2011.

11.
Kimberly J. Mitchell, David Finkelhor, and Janis Wolak, “Conceptualizing Juvenile Prostitution as Child Maltreatment: Findings from the National Juvenile Prostitution Study,”
Child Maltreatment
15, no. 1 (February 2010): 18–36.

12.
Michelle Stransky and David Finkelor,
Sex Trafficking of Minors: How Many
Juveniles Are Being Prostituted in the
US
?
University of New Hampshire Crimes against Children Research Center, May 2008 (revised June 2012): 3,
http://www.unh.edu/ccrc/pdf/
CV
279_Revised_Sex_Trafficking_Bulletin.pdf
.

13.
Curtis et al., “The Commercial Exploitation of Children in New York City,” 47.

14.
Anthony Marcus et al., “Conflict and Agency Among Sex Workers and Pimps: A Closer Look at Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking,”
ANNALS
of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
653 (2014): 241–242;
DOI
: 10.1177/0002716214521993.

15.
Curtis et al., “The Commercial Exploitation of Children in New York City,” 74.

16.
Ibid., 76.

17.
Ibid., 73.

18.
Ibid., 37.

19.
Sex Workers Project,
Behind Closed Doors: An Analysis of Indoor Sex Work in New York City,
Urban Justice Center, March 30, 2005,
http://swp.ujcprd.vshift.net/sites/default/files/BehindClosedDoors.pdf
.

20.
Impact Report 2013
, Coalition to Abolish Slavery and Trafficking (
CAST
), 7,
http://www.castla.org/impact-report
, 7.

21.
Farrell, McDevitt, and Fahy, “Where Are All the Victims?,” 201 and 203.

22.
Carol Leigh, “Prop 35, Youth, Sex Trade and Sex Trafficking — Interview with Alexandra Lutnick, Researcher,” Indybay.org, Nov. 2, 2012,
https://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2012/11/02/18724988.php
.

23.
Curtis et al., “The Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children in New York,” 120.

24.
Farrell, McDevitt, and Fahy, “Where Are All the Victims?,” 223.

25.
Michelle Chen, “Are New York's Sex Workers Getting Their Fair Day in Court?,”
Nation,
October 6, 2014,
http://www.thenation.com/blog/181861/are-new-yorks-sex-workers-getting-their-fair-day-court#
.

26.
Christie Thompson, “Escorted to Jail,”
Chicago Reporter,
November 1, 2012,
http://www.chicagoreporter.com/escorted-jail#.VCHU1RYAWmQ
.

27.
G.W. Rasopsoff, “Kenai's ‘Gifted Hands Massage' Owner Found Guilty on Six Felony Prostitution and Sex Trafficking Charges,”
Alaska Native News,
August 1, 2013,
http://alaska-native-news.com/kenai-s-gifted-hands-massage-owner-found-guilty-ofsix-felony-prostitution-and-sex-trafficking-charges-8497
.

28.
Mark Billingsley (assistant public defender) “Motion to Dismiss Complaint,” State of Alaska v. Celestine Theisen, District Court for the State of Alaska, Fourth Judicial District, October 24, 2013.

29.
Leigh, “Prop 35, Youth, Sex Trade and Sex Trafficking — Interview with Alexandra Lutnick.”

30.
Henry Lee, “19 Charged in Alameda County Massage-Parlor Crackdown,”
San Francisco Chronicle,
May 2, 2014,
http://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/19-charged-in-Alameda-County-massage-parlor-5449576.php
.

31.
Amanda Milkovits, “Hunting Houses of Ill Repute: Law Enforcement Sex Trafficking,”
Providence Journal,
May 27, 2014.

32.
Helen Peterson, “Madam Trafficked in Teen Girls,
DA
Says,”
Daily News,
February 15, 2005.

6. From Bad Laws to Bad Cops and Violence against Women

1.
Devon D. Brewer et al., “Extent, Trends, and Perpetrators of Prostitution-Related Homicide in the United States,”
Journal of Forensic Sciences
51, no. 5: 1101.

2.
John J. Potterat et al., “Mortality in a Long-Term Open Cohort of Prostitute Women,”
American Journal of Epidemiology
158, no. 8 (2004): 778–85,
http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/159/8/778.full
.

3.
Ibid.

4.
Weitzer,
Legalizing Prostitution
, 26.

5.
O'Doherty, “Victimization in Off-Street Sex Industry Work,” 13.

6.
Abel et al.,
Taking the Crime Out of Sex Work,
223.

7.
Annie Sprinkle, “Remembering Our Dead and Wounded,” in
Hos, Hookers, Call Girls and Rent Boys,
David Henry Sterry, ed. (New York: Soft Skull Press, 2009), 12.

8.
C. Gabrielle Salfati, Alison R. James, and Lynn Ferguson, “Prostitute Homicides: A Descriptive Study,”
Journal of Interpersonal Violence
23 (March 2008): 538.

9.
Delacorte, “
Sex Work: Writings by Women in the Sex Industry,
205.

10.
Weitzer,
Legalizing Prostitution,
198.

11.
Bernstein,
Temporarily Yours,
58.

12.
Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner,
SuperFreakonomics
(New York: Harper Collins, 2009), 45.

13.
Celia Williamson et al.,
Domestic Sex Trafficking in Ohio
, Research and Analysis Sub-Committee of the Ohio Human Trafficking Commission, August 8, 2012, 16–18,
http://www.ohioattorneygeneral.gov/getattachment/2ff15706–77ad-4567-b1aa-d8330b5c4005/2012-Domestic-Sex-Trafficking-in-Ohio-Report.aspx
.

14.
Robert Kolker,
Lost Girls: An Unsolved American Mystery
(New York: Harper Collins, 2013), 111–28.

15.
Ibid., 129–33.

16.
Ibid., 330.

17.
Ibid., 333.

18.
Ibid., 260.

19.
Joseph Goldstein and Al Baker, “For Prostitutes, the Discovery of Bodies on Long Island Is Stoking Fear,”
New York Times,
May 30, 2011,
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/31/nyregion/prostitutes-fears-grow-as-remains-on-long-island-are-identified.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0
.

20.
Scott J. Croteau, “Detective Work Led to Scesny; ‘Person of Interest' in Deaths of Women,”
Worcester Telegram & Gazette,
May 4, 2008, A1.

21.
Gary V. Murray, “Scesny Gets Life in Woman's Murder,”
Worcester Telegram & Gazette,
March 31, 2012.

22.
Scott J. Croteau, “Profiling Team Upgrades Scesny's Status in Deaths of Prostitutes,”
Worcester Telegram & Gazette,
April 2, 2012.

7. Busted in Sin City

1.
Brents et al.,
The State of Sex,
81–82.

2.
Ibid., 84.

3.
Ibid., 143.

4.
Weitzer,
Legalizing Prostitution
, 88.

5.
Seagraves,
Soiled Doves
, 86–87.

6.
Brents et al.,
The State of Sex,
52.

7.
Ibid., 55.

8.
Ibid., 63.

9.
Ibid., 65.

10.
Ibid., 74.

11.
Weitzer,
Legalizing Prostitution
, 88.

12.
Brents et al.,
The State of Sex
, 92.

13.
Melissa Ditmore, “Sex and Taxes,” the
Guardian
, April 16, 2009,
http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/cifamerica/2009/apr/03/nevada-prostitution-tax
.

14.
Brents et al.,
The State of Sex,
124.

8. Misguided Laws and Misuse of Resources

1.
Helen Peterson, “Madam Trafficked in Teen Girls,
DA
Says,”
New York Daily News,
February 15, 2005.

2.
Barbara Ross and Bill Hutchinson, “Madam on Hook for 5 Yrs,”
Daily News,
July 28, 2005.

3.
Julie Pearl, “The Highest Paying Customers: America's Cities and the Cost of Prostitution Control,”
Hastings Law Journal,
38 (April 1987): 784.

4.
Bernstein,
Temporarily Yours,
57.

5.
Arrests for Prostitution Offenses 2013, New York State Division of Criminal Justice Statistics,
2013 New York State Statistical Yearbook,
37th ed.,
http://www.rockinst.org/nys_statistics/
.

6.
Drake Hagner, ed., “Criminal Law Chapter: Prostitution and Sex Work,” Tenth Annual Review of Gender and Sexuality Law,
Georgetown Journal of Gender and the Law
10, no. 2 (2009): 10.

7.
Kuo,
Prostitution Policy,
74–75.

8.
Arrests for Prostitution Offenses 2013
.

9.
Criminal, Victim, or Worker? The Effects of New York's Human Trafficking Intervention Courts on Adults Charged with Prostitution-Related Offenses
, report by the Red Umbrella Project, October 2014.
http://www.redumbrellaproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Red
UP-NYHTIC-FINAL
web.pdf
.

10.
David Kepler, “New York Bill Would Bar Condoms as Proof of Prostitution,”
Associated Press,
April 27, 2014,
http://news.yahoo.com/ny-bill-bar-condoms-proof-prostitution-125545358.html
.

11.
Hagner, “Criminal Law Chapter: Prostitution and Sex Work,” 3.

12.
Ibid., 3.

13.
Pearl, “The Highest Paying Customers,” 772.

14.
Ibid., 772.

15.
Laurie Becklund, “Prostitution Arrests Cost $2,000 Each, Study Finds,”
Los Angeles Times,
July 10, 1987.

16.
Pearl, “The Highest Paying Customers,” 769.

17.
Ibid., 775.

18.
Ibid., 782.

19.
Ronald Weitzer, “Sociology of Sex Work,”
Annual Review of Sociology,
35 (August 2009): 213–34.

20.
Arrests for offenses, New York State Division of Criminal Justice Statistics,
2011 New York State Statistical Yearbook,
37th ed.,
http://www.rockinst.org/nys_statistics/
.

21.
James Bovard, “The Legalization of Prostitution,”
Freedom Daily,
September 1998,
http://fff.org/explore-freedom/article/legalization-prostitution/
.

22.
Kuo, 125.

23.
Ibid., 125–6.

9. The Rhode Island Story

1.
Lynn Arditi,“How Rhode Island Opened the Door to Prostitution,”
Providence Journal-Bulletin,
May 31, 2009,

2.
Ibid.

3.
Ibid.

4.
Karen Lee Ziner and Tom Mooney, “14 Nabbed for Prostitution Under New Law”
Providence Journal,
December 12, 2009.

5.
Editorial, “Progress against Prostitution,”
Providence Journal,
February 16, 2011.

6.
Weitzer,
Legalizing Prostitution,
76.

10. Sex Work Overseas

1.
Sandra Ka Hon Chu and Rebecca Glass, “Sex Work Law Reform in Canada: Considering Problems with the Nordic Model,”
Alberta Law Review,
51. no. 1 (2013): 104.

2.
Ibid.

3.
Ibid., 106.

4.
Susanne Dodillet and Petra Östergren, “The Swedish Sex Purchase Act: Claimed Success and Documented Effects,” paper delivered at the International Workshop on Decriminalizing Prostitution and Beyond: Practical Experiences and Challenges, the Hague (March 3 and 4, 2011), 22–23,
http://chezstella.org/docs/etude-suede-2011.pdf
.

5.
Ibid., 23.

6.
Ibid., 24.

7.
Jay Levy and and Pye Jakobsson, “Sweden's Abolitionist Discourse and Law: Effects on the Dynamics of Swedish Sex Work and on the Lives of Sweden's Sex Workers,”
Criminology and Criminal Justice,
14, no. 5 (2014): 603,
DOI
: 10.1177/1748895814528926.

8.
Petra Östergen, “Sexworkers Critique of Swedish Prostitution Policy,”
Bildernaar tagna av Orlando G Bostrom, Webb av Sphinxly,
CMS
(2010), 5,
http://petraostergren.com/pages.aspx?r_id=40716
.

9.
Jane Scolar, “What's Law Got to Do with It? How and Why Law Matters in the Regulation of Sex Work,”
Journal of Law and Society,
37, no. 1 (March 2010): 19. Levy and Jakobsson, “Sweden's Abolitionist Discourse and Law,” 598.