Great Soul: Mahatma Gandhi and His Struggle With India (76 page)

Ohlange Institute (Inanda),
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3

Omvedt, Gail

Orange Free State,
1.1
,
5.1
,
12.1

Orwell, George

Ottoman Empire: erosion of power of,
6.1
,
6.2
.
See also
Khilafat, Khilafat movement

Pakistan,
6.1
,
7.1
,
11.1
; Bangladesh’s “liberation” from,
11.2
; frozen assets issue and,
12.1
,
12.2
,
12.3
; Gandhi’s vow to spend rest of his life in,
12.4
,
12.5
,
12.6
; Hindus remaining in,
12.7

Palestine: Arab-Jewish strife in,
10.1
,
10.2
; Zionist movement and,
4.1
,
10.3

Panchamas,
2.1
,
2.2

Parekh, Bhikhu

Pariahs,
2.1
,
2.2
,
6.1
,
6.2
,
10.1

Park Station (Johannesburg)

Parliament, British,
6.1
,
8.1
,
10.1

Parliament, South African,
1.1
,
3.1
,
4.1
,
4.2
,
4.3
,
5.1
,
5.2
,
5.3

Parsuram (stenographer)

partition,
6.1
,
6.2
,
7.1
,
11.1
,
12.1
; British proposal and,
11.2
,
11.3
; communal violence and,
11.4
,
11.5
,
11.6
,
11.7
,
11.8
,
11.9
,
11.10
,
11.11
,
11.12
,
12.2
,
12.3
,
12.4
,
12.5
,
12.6
,
12.7
; Congress’s approval of final plan for,
12.8
,
12.9
,
12.10
; flight of refugees and,
11.13
,
12.11
,
12.12
,
12.13
,
12.14
; Gandhi and Jinnah’s negotiations over,
11.14
,
12.15
; Gandhi’s declaration of two homelands and,
12.16
; Gandhi’s last-minute attempt at heading off,
12.17
; Gandhi’s Noakhali mission and,
11.15
,
11.16
; Gandhi’s scheme for autonomous Pakistan within Indian union and,
11.17
; Jinnah’s “direct action” campaign and,
11.18
; Nehru’s visit to Noakhali and,
11.19
,
11.20
; as price to pay for independence,
11.21

“passive resistance,” replaced with term “satyagraha”,
1.1
,
12.1

Patchappen (indentured Indian),
5.1
,
12.1

Patel, Vallabhbhai,
6.1
,
9.1
,
9.2
,
9.3
,
9.4
,
9.5
,
11.1
,
11.2
,
12.1
,
12.2
,
12.3
,
12.4
,
12.5
,
12.6
,
12.7
,
12.8

Pathans,
3.1
,
4.1
,
4.2
,
4.3
,
12.1

Patil, S. K.

Payne, Robert

peace committees,
11.1
,
12.1
,
12.2

Phoenix Settlement (north of Durban),
1.1
,
2.1
,
3.1
,
4.1
,
4.2
,
4.3
,
5.1
,
5.2
,
6.1
,
6.2
,
7.1
,
8.1
,
9.1
,
12.1
; author’s visits to,
fm.1
,
fm.2
; founding of,
1.2
,
1.3
,
12.2
; Gandhi’s long absences from,
3.2
,
3.3
,
10.1
; Gandhi’s return to (1913),
4.4
,
4.5
,
4.6
; Gandhi’s visits to,
4.7
; inspiration for,
4.8
; nonviolent resistance at (1913),
3.4
; Zulu neighbors of,
3.5
,
3.6
,
3.7
,
3.8
,
3.9

Pietermaritzburg: monument to Gandhi in,
1.1
; train incident at (1893),
1.2
,
1.3

Pillay, C. M.

Pitt, W. H.

Pius XI, Pope

plague,
2.1
,
3.1
,
4.1

Point Road (Durban), Gandhi’s visit to shanties near

Polak, Henry,
4.1
,
4.2
,
4.3
,
4.4
,
4.5
,
5.1
,
5.2

Polak, Millie (née Downs),
1.1
,
4.1

polygamy

Poona (now Pune): Gandhi’s anti-untouchability tour in,
9.1
,
9.2
; Hindu extremist plot in,
12.1

Poona Pact,
9.1
,
9.2
,
9.3

poorna swaraj (complete independence)

Porter, Cole

poverty,
1.1
,
2.1
,
2.2
,
6.1
,
12.1
; campaign for village self-sufficiency and,
9.1
,
10.1
,
10.2
(
see also
All India Village Industries Association); loincloth symbolism and,
1.2
,
6.2
; persistence of, in contemporary India,
10.3
,
10.4
; voluntary, Gokhale’s ethic of,
6.3
; voluntary, of Gandhi,
2.3
,
3.1
,
4.1
,
6.4

Prasad, Rajendra,
6.1
,
6.2

predestination doctrine

Pretoria,
1.1
; Gandhi’s racial encounter in,
1.2

prohibition,
8.1
,
9.1

Pulayas,
7.1
,
7.2
,
7.3
,
7.4
,
7.5
,
10.1
,
10.2

Punjab,
12.1
; communal violence in,
12.2
,
12.3
,
12.4
; Gandhi’s visits to,
12.5
,
12.6
,
12.7

Pyarelal (in full, Pyarelal Nayar),
2.1
,
2.2
,
2.3
,
9.1
,
10.1
,
11.1
,
11.2
,
11.3
,
11.4
,
12.1
,
12.2
,
12.3
,
12.4
; Manu’s presence and,
11.5
,
11.6
,
11.7

“Quit India!” movement (1942),
11.1
,
12.1

“Raghupati Raghav Raja Ram
”

Rai, Lajpat

Rajagopalachari, C. R.,
12.1
,
12.2

Rajchandra, Shrimad

Rajkot, Gujarat: banquet in,
2.1
; Gandhi’s sojourn in (1896),
2.2

Ramayana
,
12.1

Ramnarayan (castigated by Gandhi as philanderer)

Rand Club (Johannesburg),
5.1
,
5.2

Rashid, Abdul

Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS)

Ravindran, T. K.,
7.1
,
7.2

registration issue, in Transvaal (“Black Act”),
1.1
,
1.2
,
1.3
,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
4.1
,
4.2
,
5.1
,
12.1

Republican Party

Republic Day

Reuters,
5.1
,
5.2
,
5.3

rishi (sage)

roads, public, barring of untouchables from,
7.1
,
7.2
,
7.3
,
7.4
,
7.5

Rolland, Romain,
8.1
,
8.2

Round Table Conference (1930–31)

Round Table Conference (1931),
8.1
,
8.2
,
8.3
,
8.4
,
8.5
,
9.1
,
12.1

Rubusana, Rev. Walter

Ruskin, John,
2.1
,
4.1
,
7.1
; Phoenix Settlement and,
1.1
,
4.2
,
12.1

ryots (tenant farmers)

Sabarmati Ashram (formerly Kochrab Ashram; Ahmedabad),
4.1
,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
6.4
,
7.1
,
8.1
,
8.2
,
9.1
,
12.1
; Gandhi’s final departure from (1930),
8.3
; Gandhi’s withdrawl to (mid-1920s),
8.4
; untouchables residing at,
6.5

salt,
4.1
,
4.2

Salt March (1930),
4.1
,
8.1
,
8.2
,
8.3
,
11.1
,
11.2
,
12.1
,
12.2

sanatanists (orthodox Hindus),
9.1
,
9.2
,
9.3
,
9.4

Sandow, Eugen,
4.1
,
4.2

Sanger, Margaret,
10.1
,
10.2
,
10.3

sannyasi (holy man),
1.1
,
4.1
,
6.1

Sanoo, M. K.

Saonar, Maharashtra, Gandhi’s anti-untouchability tour in

Satyabhamapur, Orissa, Gandhi’s anti-untouchability tour in

satyagraha,
1.1
,
4.1
,
4.2
,
4.3
,
4.4
,
4.5
,
6.1
,
6.2
; Ambedkar’s adoption of,
8.1
,
8.2
,
8.3
; against apartheid,
3.1
; first national strike in India (1919),
6.3
,
7.1
,
7.2
,
12.1
; Gandhi’s conceptions of,
1.2
,
7.3
; Muslim converts to,
6.4
; noncooperation strategy in,
4.6
,
6.5
(
see also
noncooperation campaigns); passive-aggressive aspect of,
5.1
; “passive resistance” replaced with term,
1.3
,
12.2
; Salt March of 1930,
4.7
,
8.4
,
8.5
,
8.6
,
11.1
,
11.2
,
12.3
,
12.4
; South Africans’ loss of belief in,
fm.1
; Tolstoy Farm and,
3.2
,
4.8
; Transvaal registration issue and,
1.4
,
1.5
,
1.6
,
3.3
,
3.4
,
12.5
; against untouchability,
7.4
(
see also
Vaikom Satyagraha); village self-sufficiency campaign,
9.1
,
10.1
,
10.2
(
see also
All India Village Industries Association); violent clashes resulting from,
5.2
,
6.6
,
6.7
,
8.7
,
8.8
,
8.9
.
See also
nonviolence

Satyagraha
(Glass),
1.1
,
12.1

Satyagraha Ashram.
See
Sevagram village and ashram

satyagraha campaign of 1913 (South Africa),
1.1
,
4.1
,
4.2
,
6.1
,
7.1
,
7.2
,
7.3
,
12.1
,
12.2
,
12.3
; Africans in crackdown on,
5.1
,
5.2
; African workers’ possible inclusion in,
5.3
; anti-Indian laws and regulations leading to,
5.4
(
see also
head tax); in context of white South African politics,
5.5
,
5.6
; end of,
5.7
; final settlement in,
5.8
,
5.9
,
6.2
,
7.4
; Gandhi’s arrests in,
5.10
,
5.11
,
5.12
; Gandhi’s arrival in Newcastle and,
1.2
,
5.13
,
5.14
,
5.15
; Gandhi’s Durban speech after,
5.16
; Gandhi’s feeding of strikers in,
5.17
; Gandhi’s renown in India and,
6.3
; Gandhi’s warnings to government and,
5.18
; hard labor sentences for participants in,
5.19
,
5.20
; illegal border crossings in,
5.21
,
5.22
,
5.23
,
5.24
; indentured servants as participants in,
1.3
,
4.3
,
5.25
,
5.26
,
6.4
,
6.5
,
12.4
; Indian critics of,
5.27
,
5.28
,
5.29
; judicial commission and,
5.30
,
5.31
; legacy of,
5.32
; London’s response to,
5.33
,
5.34
; mass arrests in,
5.35
,
5.36
,
5.37
; as model for Indian campaign,
8.1
,
8.2
; as religious struggle,
5.38
,
5.39
,
5.40
; spread of,
5.41
,
5.42
,
5.43
,
5.44
; stated aims of,
5.45
; in sugar country,
5.46
,
5.47
,
5.48
; Tamil women’s preparatory work for,
5.49
,
5.50
; violent clashes in,
5.51
,
5.52
,
5.53
,
6.6
; women in,
5.54
,
5.55
,
5.56
,
5.57
,
5.58
,
5.59

Satyagraha in South Africa
(Gandhi),
1.1
,
5.1

Schlesin, Sonja,
4.1
,
5.1
,
6.1

Schumacher, E. F.

Seedat, Hassim