Greece, the Hidden Centuries: Turkish Rule From the Fall of Constantinople to Greek Independence (54 page)
Authors: David Brewer
Tags: #History / Ancient
Chapter 15: Hunger and Disease (pp. 157–66)
For food crises see Kóstas Kostís,
Aphoría, Akrívia kai Pína
(Crop Failure, Cost of Living and Famine). The three outstanding studies of Greek rural life are Richard and Eva Blum,
Health and Healing in Rural Greece
and
The Dangerous Hour
; and John Campbell,
Honour, Family and Patronage.
For malaria see W.H.S. Jones,
Malaria and Greek History
.
1
Vacalopoulos,
A History of Thessaloniki
, p. 106, n. 12
Mazower,
Salonika
, p.1173
Jones, p. 1154
Jones, p. 1175
Jones, pp. 118–196
Papadopoulos,
The Greek Merchant Marine
, p. 3407
Stoneman, ed.,
A Literary Companion to Travel in Greece
, London, 1984, p. 2438
Blum and Blum,
Dangerous Hour
, p. 3539
Blum and Blum,
Dangerous Hour
, p. 4810
Blum and Blum,
Dangerous Hour
, p. 12911
Blum and Blum,
Dangerous Hour
, p. 15712
Blum and Blum,
Dangerous Hour
, p. 16813
Campbell, p. 32214
Campbell, p. 34715
Campbell, p. 33116
Blum and Blum,
Dangerous Hour
, p. 378
Chapter 16: Travellers to Greece (pp. 167–83)
Two excellent surveys of the travellers to Greece are David Constantine,
Early Greek Travellers and the Hellenic Ideal
; and Olga Augustinos,
French Odysseys
. Also invaluable is Terence Spencer,
Fair Greece Sad Relic.
References to Lithgow are to
Rare Adventures and Painefull Peregrinations
, a version of his
Totall Discourse
edited and abridged by B.I. Lawrence, and for a biography of Lithgow see C.E. Bosworth,
An Intrepid Scot
. Richard Chandler’s account is in the two volumes, published together in 1817 as
Travels in Asia Minor and Greece
, and Chandler references are to these two volumes unless specified as Chandler, ed. Clay.
1
Augustinos, pp. 54, 552
Augustinos, pp. 68, 69, 763
Lithgow, p. 174
Lithgow, p. 1345
Lithgow, p. 1976
Lithgow, p. 1017
Lithgow, p. 758
Titus, i, 12, Corinthians I, vi, 9–109
Spencer, p. 1210
Spencer, p. 1011
Busbecq,
Turkish Letters
, 4th letter, p. 16112
Busbecq,
Turkish Letters
, 3rd letter, p. 7713
Spencer, p. 10614
Constantine, p. 2415
Spencer, p. 133, n. 216
Augustinos, p. 6417
Constantine, p. 2918
Constantine, p. 3119
Spencer, p. 13220
Constantine, p. 3221
Augustinos, p. 108, Spencer, p. 13622
Spencer, p. 13523
Constantine, p. 222, n. 824
Spencer, pp. 78–925
Augustinos, p. 8926
Augustinos, p. 12127
Constantine, p. 18828
Chandler, ed. Clay,
Travels in Asia Minor
, p. x29
Chandler, ed. Clay,
Travels in Asia Minor
, p. 630
Chandler,
Asia Minor
, p. 5931
Chandler,
Asia Minor
, p. 5632
Chandler,
Asia Minor
, p. 14933
Chandler,
Asia Minor
, p. 14934
Chandler,
Asia Minor
, p. 32835
Chandler,
Greece
, p. 836
Chandler,
Greece
, p. 1137
Chandler,
Greece
, pp. 29–3038
Chandler,
Greece
, p. 14239
Chandler,
Greece
, p. 13340
Chandler,
Greece
, p. 13541
Chandler,
Greece
, p. 23542
Chandler,
Greece
, p. 31643
Chandler,
Greece
, p. 19944
Chandler,
Greece
, p. 16345
Chandler,
Greece
, p. 22546
Chandler,
Greece
, p. 22347
Chandler,
Greece
, p. 27748
Chandler,
Greece
, p. 23049
Chandler,
Greece
, p. 16750
Chandler,
Greece
, p. 25151
Chandler,
Greece
, p. 30552
Chandler,
Greece
, p. 15853
Chandler,
Greece
, p. 275
Chapter 17: 1770 – The Orlov Revolt (pp. 184–95)
A detailed account of the Orlov revolt is in Gritsópoulos,
Ta Orlophiká
(The Orlov Revolt). For the background see Finkel,
Osman’s Dream
; and Shaw and Shaw,
History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey
, vol. I. For travellers to Greece see Constantine, Augustinos and Spencer as for Chapter 16.
1
Gritsópoulos, pp. 41–22
Gritsópoulos, p. 583
Gritsópoulos, p. 524
Gritsópoulos, pp. 72, 815
Gritsópoulos, p. 996
Gritsópoulos, p. 1177
Gritsópoulos, p. 1228
Hasiótis,
Metaxí
, pp. 220–19
Gritsópoulos, p. 13210
Gritsópoulos, p. 14011
Gritsópoulos, p. 15712
Gritsópoulos, p. 16913
Spencer, p. 18314
Constantine, p. 17215
Spencer, p. 18616
Constantine, p. 17417
Aeneid
, bk IV, l. 62518
Augustinos, pp. 152, 15319
Augustinos, p. 14920
Augustinos, p. 156
Chapter 18: Greeks Abroad (pp. 196–208)
The main sources are Jonathan Harris,
Greek Emigrés in the West
; Chrístos Zaphíris,
Valkánios Pramatevtís
(Balkan Trader); and ed. Stelios A. Papadopoulos,
The Greek Merchant Marine.
1
‘Whatever subsidy their conscience dictated’, Harris, p. 1912
Harris, p. 1673
Zaphíris, p. 2814
Zaphíris, p. 2495
Zaphíris, p. 2556
Vacalopoulos,
The Greek Nation
, p. 2687
Vacalopoulos,
The Greek Nation
, p. 2688
Papadopoulos, p. 609
Papadopoulos, p. 5710
Papadopoulos, p. 5611
Ogg,
Europe of the Ancien Regime
, London, 1965, p. 14712
Papadopoulos, p. 9913
Howe,
An Historical Sketch of the Greek Revolution
, p. 6414
Papadopoulos, p. 389
Chapter 19: Greeks and the Enlightenment (pp. 209–24)
This chapter as a whole is much indebted to George P. Henderson,
The Revival of Greek Thought.
See also the books by K.T. Dhimarás and by Paschális M. Kitromilídhis, both entitled
Neoellinikós Dhiaphotismós
(Greek Enlightenment); and L. Theocharides,
The Greek National Revival and the French Enlightenment
. Other works on Rígas and Kora
ḯ
s are C. Perrevós,
Síntomos Viographía tou Aïdhímou Ríga Pheréou
(Short Biography of Rígas Pheréos of Blessed Memory); C.M. Woodhouse,
Rhigas Velestinlis
; and K. Notarás,
O Patriotikós Agónas tou Kora
ḯ
(The Patriotic Struggle of Kora
ḯ
s). For extracts from the writings of both Rígas and Kora
ḯ
s see R. Clogg,
The Movement for Greek Independence
.
1
Quoted in Cassirer,
The Philosophy of the Enlightenment
, Princeton, 1951, p. 2512
Henderson, p. 52, n. 263
Henderson, p. 484
Henderson, p. 545
Henderson, p. 716
Theocharides, p. 41; Henderson, p. 967
Henderson, p. 928
Theocharides, p. 489
Henderson, p. 10710
Henderson, p. 11111
Henderson, pp. 102–312
Perrevós, p. 30; Woodhouse,
Rhigas Velestinilis
, p. 1613
Woodhouse,
Rhigas Velestinilis
, p. 3314
Clogg,
The Movement for Greek Independence
, pp. 149–5015
Clogg,
The Movement for Greek Independence
, p. 15716
Clogg,
The Movement for Greek Independence
, p. 15517
Clogg,
The Movement for Greek Independence
, p. 15718
Clogg,
The Movement for Greek Independence
, p. 16019
Clogg,
The Movement for Greek Independence
, p. 16220
Perrevós, pp. 13–1521
Perrevós, pp. 16–1722
Woodhouse,
Rhigas Velestinlis
, p. 11023
Woodhouse,
Rhigas Velestinlis
, pp. 137–824
Perrevós, p. 2825
Hobhouse, quoted in Marchand,
Byron: A Portrait
, London, 1971, p. 7526
Dhimarás, p. 33427
Kitromilídhis, pp. 253, 257–6028
Kitromilídhis, p. 27029
Clogg,
The Movement for Greek Independence
, p. 12730
Kitromilídhis, p. 26831
Notarás, pp. 26–732
Notarás, pp. 13–1433
Clogg,
The Movement for Greek Independence
, pp. 129–3034
Clogg,
The Movement for Greek Independence
, p. 13035
Woodhouse,
Capodistria
, pp. 502–3
Chapter 20: The Enlightenment Attacked (pp. 225–34)
References to Voltaire’s
Dictionnaire Philosophique
are to the translation by Theodore Besterman entitled
Philosophical Dictionary
– referred to below as
Dictionary
. Other references are as for Chapter 19.
1
Dictionary
, p. 112
Dictionary
, ‘Religion’, pp. 356–73
Dictionary
, ‘Théiste’, p. 3864
Dictionary
, ‘Morality’, p. 3225
Dictionary
, ‘Tyranny’, p. 3986
Dictionary
, ‘Laws’, pp. 284–57
Dictionary
, ‘Tolerance’, p. 3878
Dictionary
, ‘Torture’, p. 3969
Augustinos, p. 13610
Augustinos, p. 13911
Augustinos, p. 14012
Augustinos, p. 14513
Augustinos, p. 60; Dhimarás, p. 150; Henderson, p. 7414
Dhimarás, p. 15715
Dhimarás, p. 162; Theocharides, pp. 229, 24216
IEE
, vol. XI, p. 13217
Henderson, pp. 183–418
Dhimarás, p. 15619
Clogg,
Movement for Greek Independence
, pp. 56–6420
Notarás, p. 1621
Clogg,
Movement for Greek Independence
, pp. 87–822
Clogg,
Movement for Greek Independence
, pp. 204–523
Romans, xiii, 1–224
Clogg,
Movement for Greek Independence
, p. 20725
Kolokotrones
, tr. Edmonds, London, 1892, p. 127