In Harm's Way: The Sinking of the U.S.S. Indianapolis and the Extraordinary Story of Its Survivors (31 page)
Authors: Doug Stanton
BOOK: In Harm's Way: The Sinking of the U.S.S. Indianapolis and the Extraordinary Story of Its Survivors
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CHAPTER FOUR: THE BURNING SEA
Interviews: Giles McCoy, Dr. Lewis Haynes, Mike Kuryla, Jack Miner, Harlan Twible, Robert Gause, Jack Cassidy, Richard Stephens, Ed Brown, Charlie Sullivan, Curt Newport, Dennis Covert.
p. 87
About twelve miles from where:
Hashimoto,
Sunk
! , pp. 140–48; Court Martial.
About twelve miles from where:
Hashimoto,
Sunk
! , pp. 140–48; Court Martial.
As later explained by Goro Yamada:
“Sinking the
Indianapolis:
A Japanese Perspective,”
The Quan,
1996.
“Sinking the
Indianapolis:
A Japanese Perspective,”
The Quan,
1996.
p. 89
On board the
Indy: Survivor Statements, 7 August 1945.
On board the
Indy: Survivor Statements, 7 August 1945.
p. 92
Back in his native Tennessee:
Moore,
Goodbye Indy Maru,
pp. 130–31.
Back in his native Tennessee:
Moore,
Goodbye Indy Maru,
pp. 130–31.
p. 93
Since July 27, a typhoon:
Court of Inquiry.
Since July 27, a typhoon:
Court of Inquiry.
About twenty men were stationed:
Progress Report (NIG).
The officer of the deck:
Court Martial.
Progress Report (NIG).
The officer of the deck:
Court Martial.
p. 94
Three miles away and closing:
Hashimoto,
Sunk!,
pp. 140–48; Court Martial.
Three miles away and closing:
Hashimoto,
Sunk!,
pp. 140–48; Court Martial.
The
Indy
was actually travelling:
Court Martial.
Indy
was actually travelling:
Court Martial.
p. 95
The first torpedo hit: Ibid;
Court of Inquiry; Personal Narrative of Captain Charles B. McVay, III, USN. Undated.
The first torpedo hit: Ibid;
Court of Inquiry; Personal Narrative of Captain Charles B. McVay, III, USN. Undated.
p. 97
Down in engine room 1:
Survivor Statements; Court of Inquiry; Court Martial.
Down in engine room 1:
Survivor Statements; Court of Inquiry; Court Martial.
Chief engineer Richard Redmayne:
Court of Inquiry; Court Martial.
Court of Inquiry; Court Martial.
p. 98
Up in his battle cabin, Captain McVay:
The following details about the torpedoing, McVay’s actions, and the crew’s response are drawn from Court of Inquiry; Court Martial; Narrative by: Captain Charles B. McVay; Survivor Statements;
The Bluejackets’ Manual;
Personal Narrative of Captain Charles B. McVay;
American Heritage,
1982, “The Agony of the
Indianapolis,”
Kenneth Ethridge.
Up in his battle cabin, Captain McVay:
The following details about the torpedoing, McVay’s actions, and the crew’s response are drawn from Court of Inquiry; Court Martial; Narrative by: Captain Charles B. McVay; Survivor Statements;
The Bluejackets’ Manual;
Personal Narrative of Captain Charles B. McVay;
American Heritage,
1982, “The Agony of the
Indianapolis,”
Kenneth Ethridge.
p. 102
Boys standing or lying:
Bill Van Daalen, videotaped interview with Bob Brundige, 1990.
Boys standing or lying:
Bill Van Daalen, videotaped interview with Bob Brundige, 1990.
CHAPTER FIVE: ABANDON SHIP
Interviews: Giles McCoy, Dr. Lewis Haynes, Jack Cassidy, Jack Miner, Richard Stephens, Mike Kuryla, Harlan Twible, Ed Brown, Felton Outland, John Spinelli, William Drayton, Russell Hetz, Donald Allen, Curt Newport, Dr. Julie Johnson, Dr. Terry Taylor, Gordon Linke.
p. 123
As the Indy sank:
Court of Inquiry; Court Martial; Survivor Statements.
As the Indy sank:
Court of Inquiry; Court Martial; Survivor Statements.
p. 125
In fact, in a radio shack:
Hearing before the Committee on Armed Services, September 14, 1999.
In fact, in a radio shack:
Hearing before the Committee on Armed Services, September 14, 1999.
p. 127
The prevailing protocol:
Facts and Discussion of Facts (NIG).
Shortly after the distress calls were sent:
Narrative by: Captain Charles B. McVay; Court Martial.
The prevailing protocol:
Facts and Discussion of Facts (NIG).
Shortly after the distress calls were sent:
Narrative by: Captain Charles B. McVay; Court Martial.
Clair Young’s account:
Hearing before the Committee on Armed Services, September 14, 1999.
Hearing before the Committee on Armed Services, September 14, 1999.
p. 128
It would later be estimated:
Hearing before the Committee on Armed Services, September 14, 1999.
It would later be estimated:
Hearing before the Committee on Armed Services, September 14, 1999.
CHAPTER SIX: HOPE AFLOAT
Interviews: Dr. Lewis Haynes, Robert Gause, Ed Brown, Harlan Twible, Giles McCoy, Felton Outland, Mike Kurlya, John Spinelli, Jack Miner, Curt Newport, Bob McGuiggan, Richard Stephens, Bill Drayton, Gus Kay, Charlie Sullivan, Dr. Julie Johnson, Dr. Terry Taylor.
p. 136
About half of the 900 survivors:
Court Martial. Many details about the Haynes group’s initial time in the water also come from Haynes’s interviews, his article in the
Saturday Evening Post,
August 6, 1955, and his memoir “Survivor of the
Indianapolis,”
in
Navy Medicine
86, no. 4 (July-August 1995).
About half of the 900 survivors:
Court Martial. Many details about the Haynes group’s initial time in the water also come from Haynes’s interviews, his article in the
Saturday Evening Post,
August 6, 1955, and his memoir “Survivor of the
Indianapolis,”
in
Navy Medicine
86, no. 4 (July-August 1995).
p. 137
Captain McVay found himself:
Narrative by: Captain Charles B. McVay; Personal Narrative of Captain Charles B. McVay.
Captain McVay found himself:
Narrative by: Captain Charles B. McVay; Personal Narrative of Captain Charles B. McVay.
p. 142
He was fully dressed;
Bill Van Daalen, videotaped interview with Bob Brundige.
He was fully dressed;
Bill Van Daalen, videotaped interview with Bob Brundige.
p. 144
In fact, what they were seeing:
Hashimoto,
Sunk!,
p. 147.
In fact, what they were seeing:
Hashimoto,
Sunk!,
p. 147.
p. 146
Floating to the northeast:
Nanative by: Captain Charles B. McVay; Personal Narrative of Captain Charles B. McVay; Court Martial;
Bay City Times,
August 15, 1945, “833 Dead and Missing in U. S. Cruiser Loss;” Al Havins, personal interview, 1996; Bill Van Daalen, videotaped interview with Al Havins, 1990.
Floating to the northeast:
Nanative by: Captain Charles B. McVay; Personal Narrative of Captain Charles B. McVay; Court Martial;
Bay City Times,
August 15, 1945, “833 Dead and Missing in U. S. Cruiser Loss;” Al Havins, personal interview, 1996; Bill Van Daalen, videotaped interview with Al Havins, 1990.
p. 147
Kurlick was naked:
Newcomb,
Abandon Ship!,
p. 117.
Kurlick was naked:
Newcomb,
Abandon Ship!,
p. 117.
p. 148
The tractor planes:
Progress Report (NIG).
The tractor planes:
Progress Report (NIG).
p. 150
A complex web of sea life:
Paul Auerbach and Edward Geehr,
Management of Wilderness and Environmental Emergencies,
Chapter 34.
A complex web of sea life:
Paul Auerbach and Edward Geehr,
Management of Wilderness and Environmental Emergencies,
Chapter 34.
p. 152
Captain McVay and his ragged:
Narrative by: Captain Charles B. McVay; Personal Narrative of Captain Charles B. McVay; Al Havins, personal interview.
Captain McVay and his ragged:
Narrative by: Captain Charles B. McVay; Personal Narrative of Captain Charles B. McVay; Al Havins, personal interview.
McVay recorded all these sightings: Yankee,
1978, “The Last Secret Voyage of the USS
Indianapolis,”
Evan Wylie.
1978, “The Last Secret Voyage of the USS
Indianapolis,”
Evan Wylie.
CHAPTER SEVEN: SHARK ATTACK
Interviews: Giles McCoy, Richard Stephens, Dr. Lewis Haynes, Robert Gause, Jack Cassidy, Jack Miner, Mike Kuyrla, Bob McGuiggan, Felton Outland, Ed Brown, Harlan Twible, John Spinelli, Curt Newport, Dr. Julie Johnson, Dr. Terry Taylor.
p. 157
Those sailors who were naked:
Ron and Valerie Taylor, introduction,
Sharks: Silent Hunters of the Deep,
pp. 76, 100, 140.
Those sailors who were naked:
Ron and Valerie Taylor, introduction,
Sharks: Silent Hunters of the Deep,
pp. 76, 100, 140.
p. 158
Present-day wisdom: Military Medicine,
vol. 155, August 1990. “Shark Repellent: Not Yet, Maybe Never,” Capt. H. David Baldridge Jr., p. 358.
Present-day wisdom: Military Medicine,
vol. 155, August 1990. “Shark Repellent: Not Yet, Maybe Never,” Capt. H. David Baldridge Jr., p. 358.
In 1943, the navy had set out: Ibid.,
p. 358.
p. 358.
No evidence has ever:
David H. Baldridge,
Contributions from the Mote Marine Laboratory,
vol. 1, number 2, 1974. “Shark Attack: A Program of Data Reduction and Analysis,” pp. 186-87; Victor G. Springer and Joy P. Gold,
Sharks in Question: The Smithsonian Answer Book,
pp. 82, 127-8, 135.
David H. Baldridge,
Contributions from the Mote Marine Laboratory,
vol. 1, number 2, 1974. “Shark Attack: A Program of Data Reduction and Analysis,” pp. 186-87; Victor G. Springer and Joy P. Gold,
Sharks in Question: The Smithsonian Answer Book,
pp. 82, 127-8, 135.
p. 160
As the water flashed: Washington Post,
August 6, 1980, “Terror of Shark and Sea, 35 Years After,” (byline: Chip Brown).
As the water flashed: Washington Post,
August 6, 1980, “Terror of Shark and Sea, 35 Years After,” (byline: Chip Brown).
Capable of bursts of speed:
Springer and Gold,
Sharks in Question,
p. 59, 82; Samuel H. Gruber, editor,
Discovering Sharks,
p. 36.
Springer and Gold,
Sharks in Question,
p. 59, 82; Samuel H. Gruber, editor,
Discovering Sharks,
p. 36.
p. 161
Around Captain McVay’s raft:
Narrative by: Captain Charles B. McVay.
Around Captain McVay’s raft:
Narrative by: Captain Charles B. McVay.
p. 162
On Tuesday, Mc Vay: Ibid.;
Court Martial.
On Tuesday, Mc Vay: Ibid.;
Court Martial.
p. 163
At this latitude:
Matthew C. Barron, NAVOCEANO: Oceanographer and Ocean Services Division Officer, Naval Pacific Meteorology and Oceanography Center/Joint Typhoon Warning Center; USS
Register
(APD 92), Deck Log—Additional Remarks, August 3–7, 1945.
At this latitude:
Matthew C. Barron, NAVOCEANO: Oceanographer and Ocean Services Division Officer, Naval Pacific Meteorology and Oceanography Center/Joint Typhoon Warning Center; USS
Register
(APD 92), Deck Log—Additional Remarks, August 3–7, 1945.
p. 164
Its beaches had been stormed:
Dunnigan and Nofi,
Victory at Sea,
p. 577.
Its beaches had been stormed:
Dunnigan and Nofi,
Victory at Sea,
p. 577.
On Leyte there were two:
Philippine Sea Frontier. From: Captain Alfred M. Granum, U.S. Navy. To: Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas. Signed: Alfred M. Granum. Dated: 1 September 1945; U.S. Naval Operating Base, Navy 3964. From: Lieutenant Commander Jules C. Sancho. To: Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas. Signed: Jules C. Sancho. Dated: 31 August 1945; Court of Inquiry; Progress Report (NIG); Facts and Discussion of Facts (NIG); Discussion of Facts (NIG); Expected Arrivals and Departures, 31 July–2 August 1945.
Philippine Sea Frontier. From: Captain Alfred M. Granum, U.S. Navy. To: Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas. Signed: Alfred M. Granum. Dated: 1 September 1945; U.S. Naval Operating Base, Navy 3964. From: Lieutenant Commander Jules C. Sancho. To: Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas. Signed: Jules C. Sancho. Dated: 31 August 1945; Court of Inquiry; Progress Report (NIG); Facts and Discussion of Facts (NIG); Discussion of Facts (NIG); Expected Arrivals and Departures, 31 July–2 August 1945.
p. 166
Initiated by Chief of Naval Operations:
Buell,
Master of the Sea, p. 328.
Initiated by Chief of Naval Operations:
Buell,
Master of the Sea, p. 328.
p. 167
Of the 1,196 crew:
Court Martial.
Of the 1,196 crew:
Court Martial.
p. 170
Captain Mc Vay was no quitter:
Narrative by: Captain Charles B. McVay; Al Havins, personal interview; Dan Kurzman,
Fatal Voyage: The Sinking of the USS
Indianapolis, p. 115.
Captain Mc Vay was no quitter:
Narrative by: Captain Charles B. McVay; Al Havins, personal interview; Dan Kurzman,
Fatal Voyage: The Sinking of the USS
Indianapolis, p. 115.
p. 173
One boy chewed: Yankee,
1978, “The Last Secret Voyage of the USS
Indianapolis,”
Evan Wylie.
One boy chewed: Yankee,
1978, “The Last Secret Voyage of the USS
Indianapolis,”
Evan Wylie.
CHAPTER EIGHT: GENOCIDE
Interviews: Dr. Lewis Haynes, Giles McCoy, Mike Kuryla, Felton Outland, Harlan Twible, John Spinelli, Ed Brown, Robert Gause, Jack Cassidy, Gus Kay, Gordon Linke, Winthrop Smith, Jr., Billie Havins, Dr. Julie Johnson.
p. 183
McVay’s four rafts:
Narrative by: Captain Charles B. McVay; Personal Narrative of Captain Charles B. McVay; Al Havins,
personal interview; Bill Van Daalen, videotaped interview with Al Havins.
McVay’s four rafts:
Narrative by: Captain Charles B. McVay; Personal Narrative of Captain Charles B. McVay; Al Havins,
personal interview; Bill Van Daalen, videotaped interview with Al Havins.
p. 187
One boy got in his car:
Newcomb,
Abandon Ship!,
p. 131.
One boy got in his car:
Newcomb,
Abandon Ship!,
p. 131.
p. 196
Back on Leyte:
Leyte Gulf Expected Arrivals and Departures, 31 July–2 August 1945.
Back on Leyte:
Leyte Gulf Expected Arrivals and Departures, 31 July–2 August 1945.
In an air-conditioned bunker:
Sweeney with Antonucci and Antonucci,
War’s End,
p. 1; Knebel and Bailey,
No High Ground,
p. 164; Richard B. Frank,
Downfall: The End of the Imperial Japanese Empire,
p. 261.
Sweeney with Antonucci and Antonucci,
War’s End,
p. 1; Knebel and Bailey,
No High Ground,
p. 164; Richard B. Frank,
Downfall: The End of the Imperial Japanese Empire,
p. 261.
CHAPTER NINE: DEAD DRIFT
Interviews: Giles McCoy, Dr. Lewis Haynes, Robert Gause, Jack Cassidy, Ed Brown, Jack Miner, John Spinelli, Bob McGuiggan, Felton Outland, Gus Kay, Harlan Twible, Hilton D. Logan, Irving Lefkovitz, Curt Newport, Martin Williams.
p. 201
Something had gone wrong:
Information about Gwinn’s patrol and rescue effort is drawn from Lech,
All the Drowned Sailors,
pp. 90–95; Wilbur Gwinn speech transcript, Survivors’ Reunion, Indianapolis, Indiana, 1960; Correspondence with Norma Gwinn; Sighting of Survivors of U.S.S.
Indianapolis:
Participation in Air-Sea Rescue and Subsequent Search for Bodies and Debris, 2–7 August 1945. Signed M. S. Langford; Court of Inquiry; United States Pacific Fleet, Air Force, Patrol Bombing Squadron 152. Statement Concerning Sighting of Survivors of CA-35 U.S.S.
Indianapolis
on 2 August 1945. Signed Wilbur C. Gwinn. 3 August 1945.
Something had gone wrong:
Information about Gwinn’s patrol and rescue effort is drawn from Lech,
All the Drowned Sailors,
pp. 90–95; Wilbur Gwinn speech transcript, Survivors’ Reunion, Indianapolis, Indiana, 1960; Correspondence with Norma Gwinn; Sighting of Survivors of U.S.S.
Indianapolis:
Participation in Air-Sea Rescue and Subsequent Search for Bodies and Debris, 2–7 August 1945. Signed M. S. Langford; Court of Inquiry; United States Pacific Fleet, Air Force, Patrol Bombing Squadron 152. Statement Concerning Sighting of Survivors of CA-35 U.S.S.
Indianapolis
on 2 August 1945. Signed Wilbur C. Gwinn. 3 August 1945.
The plane, like the
Miss Deal: “American Aircraft of World War II,”
www.ixpress.com/ag1caf/usplanes/american.htm
;http://www.usplanes/aircraft/ventura.htm.
Miss Deal: “American Aircraft of World War II,”
www.ixpress.com/ag1caf/usplanes/american.htm
;http://www.usplanes/aircraft/ventura.htm.
p. 203
At about the same time:
Court of Inquiry.
At about the same time:
Court of Inquiry.
Gwinn leveled the PV-1:
Statement Concerning Sighting of Survivors of CA-35 U.S.S.
Indianapolis
on 2 August 1945; Herbert Hickman, “Six Most Important Words of Your Life,” courtesy of John Wassell, “Mission Accomplished … But at a Price”; Sighting of Survivors of U.S.S.
Indianapolis:
Participation in Air-Sea Rescue and Subsequent Search for Bodies and
Debris, 2–7 August 1945; Questions asked by Correspondents of Lt. (jg) W. G. Gwinn, USNR, Lt. R. A. Marks, USNR, and Lt. Commander G. C. Atteberry, 6 August 1945; Court of Inquiry; Dispatch 020125; Wilbur Gwinn speech transcript, Survivors’ Reunion, 1960.
Statement Concerning Sighting of Survivors of CA-35 U.S.S.
Indianapolis
on 2 August 1945; Herbert Hickman, “Six Most Important Words of Your Life,” courtesy of John Wassell, “Mission Accomplished … But at a Price”; Sighting of Survivors of U.S.S.
Indianapolis:
Participation in Air-Sea Rescue and Subsequent Search for Bodies and
Debris, 2–7 August 1945; Questions asked by Correspondents of Lt. (jg) W. G. Gwinn, USNR, Lt. R. A. Marks, USNR, and Lt. Commander G. C. Atteberry, 6 August 1945; Court of Inquiry; Dispatch 020125; Wilbur Gwinn speech transcript, Survivors’ Reunion, 1960.
p. 208
Meanwhile, Gwinn was trying:
Statement Concerning Sighting of Survivors of CA-35 USS
Indianapolis
on 2 August 1945; Gwinn speech transcript, Survivors’ Reunion, 1960; Dispatch 020245; Questions Asked by Correspondents; Sighting of Survivors of USS
Indianapolis
; Participation in Air-Sea Rescue and Subsequent Search for Bodies and Debris, 2–7 August 1945; Court of Inquiry.
Meanwhile, Gwinn was trying:
Statement Concerning Sighting of Survivors of CA-35 USS
Indianapolis
on 2 August 1945; Gwinn speech transcript, Survivors’ Reunion, 1960; Dispatch 020245; Questions Asked by Correspondents; Sighting of Survivors of USS
Indianapolis
; Participation in Air-Sea Rescue and Subsequent Search for Bodies and Debris, 2–7 August 1945; Court of Inquiry.
p. 210
First to receive the message:
Court of Inquiry; Dispatch 020409; Lech,
All the Drowned Sailors
, pp. 99–100.
First to receive the message:
Court of Inquiry; Dispatch 020409; Lech,
All the Drowned Sailors
, pp. 99–100.
p. 211
As the rescue effort heated up:
Sighting of Survivors of U.S.S.
Indianapolis:
Participation in Air-Sea Rescue and Subsequent Search for Bodies and Debris, 2–7 August 1945; John Wassell, “Mission Accomplished … But at a Price.”
As the rescue effort heated up:
Sighting of Survivors of U.S.S.
Indianapolis:
Participation in Air-Sea Rescue and Subsequent Search for Bodies and Debris, 2–7 August 1945; John Wassell, “Mission Accomplished … But at a Price.”
Lieutenant Commander George Atteberry:
Sighting of Survivors of U.S.S.
Indianapolis:
Participation in Air-Sea Rescue and Subsequent Search for Bodies and Debris, 2-7 August 1945; Court of Inquiry; Questions asked by Correspondents, 6 August 1945.
Sighting of Survivors of U.S.S.
Indianapolis:
Participation in Air-Sea Rescue and Subsequent Search for Bodies and Debris, 2-7 August 1945; Court of Inquiry; Questions asked by Correspondents, 6 August 1945.
p. 212
The plane belonged: New York Times
, “Adrian Marks, 81, World War II Navy Pilot”; Adrian Marks speech transcript, Survivors’ Reunion, 1960; John Wassell, “Mission Accomplished … But at a Price”; U.S.S.
Cecil J. Doyle
(DE 368). Memorandum Report on Rescue of Survivors of USS
Indianapolis
(CA-35) August 2–4, 1945. Signed by W. G. Claytor, Jr. Undated;
The Washington Post,
“No-Nonsense Lawyer Claytor Knows When to Bend the Rules”; “Selected Speeches of R. Adrian Marks”; Bill Van Daalen, videotaped interview with Adrian Marks, 1990; Questions asked by Correspondents, 6 August 1945.
The plane belonged: New York Times
, “Adrian Marks, 81, World War II Navy Pilot”; Adrian Marks speech transcript, Survivors’ Reunion, 1960; John Wassell, “Mission Accomplished … But at a Price”; U.S.S.
Cecil J. Doyle
(DE 368). Memorandum Report on Rescue of Survivors of USS
Indianapolis
(CA-35) August 2–4, 1945. Signed by W. G. Claytor, Jr. Undated;
The Washington Post,
“No-Nonsense Lawyer Claytor Knows When to Bend the Rules”; “Selected Speeches of R. Adrian Marks”; Bill Van Daalen, videotaped interview with Adrian Marks, 1990; Questions asked by Correspondents, 6 August 1945.
p. 213
Meanwhile, CINCPAC:
Dispatch 020617.
Meanwhile, CINCPAC:
Dispatch 020617.
Then, in the midafternoon:
Leyte Gulf Expected Arrivals and Departures, July 31-August 2, 1945; Dispatch 020848; Dispatch 030041; Court of Inquiry; Lech,
All the Drowned Sailors,
p. 100.
Leyte Gulf Expected Arrivals and Departures, July 31-August 2, 1945; Dispatch 020848; Dispatch 030041; Court of Inquiry; Lech,
All the Drowned Sailors,
p. 100.
p. 214
Lieutenant Adrian Marks:
Sighting of Survivors of U.S.S.
Indianapolis:
Participation in Air-Sea Rescue and Subsequent Search for Bodies and Debris, 2–7 August 1945; Questions asked by Correspondents, 6 August 1945.
Lieutenant Adrian Marks:
Sighting of Survivors of U.S.S.
Indianapolis:
Participation in Air-Sea Rescue and Subsequent Search for Bodies and Debris, 2–7 August 1945; Questions asked by Correspondents, 6 August 1945.
At about the same time, the destroyers:
Dispatch 020601.
Dispatch 020601.
p. 215
Marks knew the situation:
Dispatch 020625; Bill Van Daalen, videotaped interview with Adrian Marks; Adrian Marks speech transcript, Survivors’ Reunion, 1960; Questions asked by Correspondents, 6 August 1945.
Marks knew the situation:
Dispatch 020625; Bill Van Daalen, videotaped interview with Adrian Marks; Adrian Marks speech transcript, Survivors’ Reunion, 1960; Questions asked by Correspondents, 6 August 1945.
p. 216
Earlier in the day:
Dispatch 020516; Dispatch 020747; Dispatch 020400; Dispatch 020756.
Earlier in the day:
Dispatch 020516; Dispatch 020747; Dispatch 020400; Dispatch 020756.
p. 217
Shortly before Marks landed:
Sighting of Survivors of U.S.S.
Indianapolis:
Participation in Air-Sea Rescue and Subsequent Search for Bodies and Debris, 2–7 August 1945; Record of Flight Operations in Search for Survivors from USS
Indianapolis
(CA-35), 2 August 1945; Joseph M. Lalley,
Search and Rescue
; Bill MacDermott,
A Walk Through the Valley: The History of the 3rd Emergency Rescue Squadron.
Shortly before Marks landed:
Sighting of Survivors of U.S.S.
Indianapolis:
Participation in Air-Sea Rescue and Subsequent Search for Bodies and Debris, 2–7 August 1945; Record of Flight Operations in Search for Survivors from USS
Indianapolis
(CA-35), 2 August 1945; Joseph M. Lalley,
Search and Rescue
; Bill MacDermott,
A Walk Through the Valley: The History of the 3rd Emergency Rescue Squadron.
Around 7:15 p.m.:
4th Emergency Rescue Squadron, Flight Detachment, APO 265. Subject: Rescue Operations 2 August through 5 August. Signed: Lt. Richard C. Alcorn. Dated: 6 August 1945; 4th Emergency Rescue Squadron, Flight Detachment, APO 265. Subject: Search Operations of 7 August, 1945. To: Sub Area Operations. Signed Lt. Richard Alcorn. Dated: 8 August 1945; Kurzman,
Fatal Voyage
, p. 174.
4th Emergency Rescue Squadron, Flight Detachment, APO 265. Subject: Rescue Operations 2 August through 5 August. Signed: Lt. Richard C. Alcorn. Dated: 6 August 1945; 4th Emergency Rescue Squadron, Flight Detachment, APO 265. Subject: Search Operations of 7 August, 1945. To: Sub Area Operations. Signed Lt. Richard Alcorn. Dated: 8 August 1945; Kurzman,
Fatal Voyage
, p. 174.
p. 219
Circling overhead, Lieutenant Commander Atteberry:
Sighting of Survivors of U.S.S.
Indianapolis:
Participation of Air-Sea Rescue and Subsequent Search for Bodies and Debris, 2-7 August 1945; Questions asked by Correspondents, 6 August 1945; Bill Van Daalen, videotaped interview with Adrian Marks; “Selected Speeches of R. Adrian Marks”; Kurzman,
Fatal Voyage
, p. 167; U.S.S.
Cecil J. Doyle
(DE 368). Memorandum Report on Rescue of Survivors of USS
Indianapolis
(CA-35) August 2–4, 1945; Adrian Marks speech transcript, Survivors’ Reunion, 1960.
Circling overhead, Lieutenant Commander Atteberry:
Sighting of Survivors of U.S.S.
Indianapolis:
Participation of Air-Sea Rescue and Subsequent Search for Bodies and Debris, 2-7 August 1945; Questions asked by Correspondents, 6 August 1945; Bill Van Daalen, videotaped interview with Adrian Marks; “Selected Speeches of R. Adrian Marks”; Kurzman,
Fatal Voyage
, p. 167; U.S.S.
Cecil J. Doyle
(DE 368). Memorandum Report on Rescue of Survivors of USS
Indianapolis
(CA-35) August 2–4, 1945; Adrian Marks speech transcript, Survivors’ Reunion, 1960.
p. 222
Captain Graham Claytor:
USS
Cecil J. Doyle
(DE 368), Memorandum Report on Rescue of Survivors of USS
Indianapolis
(CA 35), August 2–4, 1945; Wren,
Those in Peril on the Sea
, p. 59; Correspondence with Ruby and Albert Harp; USS
Madison
(DD 425), Narrative of Search Operations, 2 to 5 August 1945.
Signed: Donald W. Todd. Dated: 6 August 1945; USS
Dufilho
(DE 423), Rescue—Survivors Search, August 3–6, 1945. Signed: A. H. Nienau. Dated: 9 August 1945.
During the predawn hours: Wren, Those in Peril on the Sea
, pp. 81–85, 161.
Captain Graham Claytor:
USS
Cecil J. Doyle
(DE 368), Memorandum Report on Rescue of Survivors of USS
Indianapolis
(CA 35), August 2–4, 1945; Wren,
Those in Peril on the Sea
, p. 59; Correspondence with Ruby and Albert Harp; USS
Madison
(DD 425), Narrative of Search Operations, 2 to 5 August 1945.
Signed: Donald W. Todd. Dated: 6 August 1945; USS
Dufilho
(DE 423), Rescue—Survivors Search, August 3–6, 1945. Signed: A. H. Nienau. Dated: 9 August 1945.
During the predawn hours: Wren, Those in Peril on the Sea
, pp. 81–85, 161.
p. 224
At 4 A.M., the searchlight: The Saturday Evening Post,
August 6, 1955, “We Prayed While 833 Died,” Lewis L. Haynes.
At 4 A.M., the searchlight: The Saturday Evening Post,
August 6, 1955, “We Prayed While 833 Died,” Lewis L. Haynes.
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Return of Condor Heroes by Jin Yong
Sunlight and Shadow by Cameron Dokey
Cities of the Dead by Linda Barnes
Tool of the Trade by Joe Haldeman
Crematorium for Phoenixes by Nikola Yanchovichin
The Fortune of Goblins: Mesa-Tulsa by Joshua Cox-Steib