Jacquards' Web (40 page)

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Irascible Genius: A Life of Charles Babbage,
Inventor
. London: Hutchinson,
1964
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292

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1984
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1997
.

Shurkin, Joel.
Engines of the Mind.
New York and London: W. W. Norton,
1994
.

Spufford, Francis and Uglow, Jenny.
Cultural Babbage:
Technology, Time and Invention.
London: Faber and Faber,
1996
.

Standage, Tom.
The Victorian Internet.
New York: Walker Publishing,
1998
.

Stein, Dorothy.
Ada: A Life and Legacy
. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press,
1985
.

Sutherland, D.M.G.
France 1789–1815: Revolution and
Counterrevolution
. London: Fontana Press,
1985
.

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Charles Babbage and his Calculating Engines.

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1991
.

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2000
.

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The Ancien Régime.
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1988
.

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Ada, the Enchantress of Numbers.
Mill Valley, California: Strawberry Press,
1992
.

Tweedale, Geoffrey.
Calculating Machines and Computers.

London: Shire Publications,
1990
.

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293

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Index

Sub-entries are in chronological order.
Italic
numbers denote references to illustrations. HA = Howard Aiken, CB = Charles Babbage, HH = Herman Hollerith, J = Joseph-Marie Jacquard, AL = Ada Lovelace.

Ackroyd, Peter
113

Arago, François Jean Dominique

Adams, John Couch
104

46
–
7
,
60
,
93
,
97

Aiken, Daniel H. (HA’s father)

arithmometer
206

210

artificial intelligence (AI)
259
–
62

Aiken, Howard
227

Aspray, William
229
–
30

birth and early years
210
–
12

astronomical tables
65
–
6
,
67

university education
212
–
14

Atanasoff, John V.
245
–
6

early work on computing

Atanasoff–Berry Computer (ABC)

machines
215
,
216
–
18

246

proposal for modern computer

Austen, Jane
127

220
–
5

Austin, Henry
112

Harvard Mark I
225
–
31
,

Austrian, Geoffrey (HH’s

236
–
40

biographer)
161

tributes to CB
221
,
232
–
5

automatic loom
4
–
5
,
12
–
13
,

Aiken, Margaret (HA’s mother)

35
–
8
,
42
–
3
,
87

210
–
11

Automatic Sequence Controlled

Airy, Sir George Biddell
104
–
5
,

Calculator,
see
Harvard Mark I

115

automatic telegraph
163

Albert, Prince Consort
4
,
103

analogue computers
215

Babbage, Benjamin (CB’s father)

Analytical Engine
1
,
4
,
48
–
9
,

50
–
3
,
52
,
59
,
77

78
–
96
,
110
,
146
–
8
,
221
,

Babbage, Betty (CB’s mother)
51
,

233
–
4
;
see also
Lovelace,

78

Ada, interpretation of CB’s

Babbage, Charles
43
,
49
,
147
,

work

232
–
5
,
265
–
9

Analytical Society
57

character
1
–
2
,
116
–
17

295

Jacquard’s Web

Babbage, Charles (
continued
)

base
10 73

conceptual link with Jacquard

Bennett, Edward (HA’s professor)

loom
43
,
47
–
9
,
63
,
85
–
8
,

212
–
13

91
–
2
,
122
–
3
,
138
–
42

Berners-Lee, Sir Tim
256
–
7

autobiography
54
–
5
,
66
,
86
–
9
,

Bernoulli numbers
134
,
135

91
,
95
–
7
,
134
–
5
,
221
,
233

Berry, Clifford
245
–
6

letters
46
–
7
,
52
,
58
,
76
–
7
,
93
,

Billings, Dr John
153
–
4
,
161
,

129
,
137

162

‘Scribbling Books’
85
–
6

Binary Automatic Computer

birth and family background
50

(BINAC)
244

early years
54
–
5

binary code
245
,
252

time at Cambridge
55
–
8

bit (binary digit)
88

friendship with Herschel
57
–
8
,

Bletchley Park, England
246
,
247

59
,
65
–
6
,
78

Boichon, Claudine (J’s wife)
24
,

marriage and children
58
–
9

40

inheritance
53
–
4

Bonaparte, Napoleon
28
,
29
–
31
,

Jacquard portrait
xii
,
3
–
5
,

33
,
254
–
6

36
–
7
,
41
,
46
,
93
–
5
,
97
,
141

meets J
39
–
40

soirées
1
–
4
,
36
,
46
,
59
,
75

Bonnefond, Claude
5

work on Difference Engine
48
,

British Library
107

63
–
79

British Museum
94

vision of Analytical Engine

Broderip, William
2

78
–
82

Brontë, Charlotte
127

visit to Lyons and Turin
93
–
8

Brown, Professor Theodore
220

Government funding
77
,

Bryce, James Wares
220
,
225

100
–
12
,
109

Buckland, William
102

relationship with AL
117
,

business machines
172
–
3
,
174
,

128
–
38
,
139
–
46

179
,
181
,
200
;
see also
death and funeral
146
,
150
–
1

tabulation machines

dream fulfilled by HA’s

Buxton, Henry Wilmot
116

computer
229

Byron, Ada,
see
Lovelace, Ada

see also
Analytical Engine;

Byron, Lady Anabella (née

Difference Engine

Milbanke) (AL’s mother)

Babbage, Georgiana (née

81
–
3
,
117
,
124
–
30
,
132
,

Whitmore) (CB’s wife)

138
–
9
,
145
–
6

52
–
3
,
58
–
9
,
78
,
134

Byron, Lord (AL’s father)
81
,
83
,

Barret, Jean-Marie (J’s brother-in-

121
,
124
–
5
,
146

law)
23
,
24

296

Index

calculating machines
1
,
4
,
62
–
9
,

CB with Jacquard loom
43
,

79
,
83
,
205
–
10
,
216
–
37

47
–
9
,
63
,
85
–
8
,
91
–
2
,

Campbell Kelly, Martin
84
,
89
,

122
–
3
,
138
–
42

229
–
30

HH with Jacquard loom

card punch
165
–
6
,
166
,
169

149
–
52
,
159
–
61
,
164
,
181
,

card counter
167
–
8
,
167
,
171

202
,
222
,
260

card sorter
168
–
9
,
167
,
170
,

CB with information age
107
,

171

110
,
115
,
121
–
3
,
143
,
160

Carlyle, Thomas
115

conditional branch
229
–
30

Carnot, Lazare
33
–
4
,
60
,
61

counter
167
–
8
,
167
,
171

meets J
34

Croix Rousse
13
,
20
–
1
,
40
,
41
,

cash register, invention of
172

95

Census, United States
153
–
7
,
162
,

C-T-R (Computing-Tabulating-

172
,
173
,
174
,
176

Recording Company)
182
–
3
,

Chaptal, Jean-Antoine
33

186
–
92

Chase, George C.
217
–
18
,
220

chess programs
261
–
2

Darwin, Charles
2

Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage
(Byron)

data entry
169
–
70

125

Davy, Sir Humphrey
76

Clarke, Arthur C.
259
–
60

de Colmar, Thomas
206

Clement, Joseph (CB’s chief

De Morgan, Augustus (AL’s tutor)

engineer)
75
–
6
,
116
–
17

132
,
136

clock-making
70
–
2
,
71

de Prony, Baron Gaspard Clair

code-breaking
246
–
7

François Marie Riche
60
–
3
,

cogwheel technology
1
,
69
–
73
,

67
,
73

74
,
84
,
115
,
121
,
240

de Vaucanson, Jacques
17
–
18
,
36
,

Cohen, I. Bernard (HA’s

85

biographer)
235

Deep Blue chess program
261

Collier, Bruce
87
–
8

Dickens, Charles
2
,
53
,
112
–
14