James Madison: A Life Reconsidered (84 page)

Statute for Religious Freedom,
6

tobacco in,
12
–16,
430

and war debts,
215
–16,
217
,
219

War of 1812 in,
389
–90,
410

western land claims of,
66
–67,
85
–86,
210
,
393

Virginia Assembly,
6
,
84
,
85
,
86
,
94
,
104
,
105
–10,
185
,
257
,
280
–81

House of Burgesses,
44
,
46

House of Delegates,
63
,
64
,
123
,
184
,
280
,
281
,
282
–84

Virginia Convention (1776),
55
–62,
72

declaration of rights,
57
,
58
,
59
,
63
–64,
108
–9

and independence,
57
–58,
62

roles of,
61
,
62

and state constitution,
58
,
60
–62

Virginia Declaration of Rights,
57
,
58
,
59
,
63
–64,
108
–9,
183

Virginia Gazette,
26
,
58
,
63
,
64

Virginia Herald,
185

Virginia ratifying convention,
166
–67,
168
–78,
183
,
190
,
234
,
347

Virginia Resolutions,
57
–58,
62
,
276
–77,
279
,
282
–83,
351
,
437
,
445
,
446

Wadsworth, Jeremiah,
201
–2

Walker, Betsey,
309

Walker, John,
80
,
86
,
309

War Department, creation of,
190

War of 1812,
8
,
379
–404,
405
–21,
429

assessments of,
420
–21

Congreve rockets in,
407
,
413
,
418

declaration of war,
378

land battles in,
381
–82,
386
–87,
388
,
391
–92,
393
–94,
394
–95,
397
,
398
,
400
,
407
–8,
418
,
420

opponents of,
374
,
379
–81,
382
–83,
384
,
389
,
391
,
395
–96,
415
,
419
,
421

peace negotiations,
395
,
398
,
414
,
419

peace treaty,
419
,
421

steps toward,
366
,
369
,
370
–71,
372
–78

and taxes,
374
,
375
,
389
,
414
,
417

Tenth Military District,
399
,
405
–6

U.S. invasion of Canada,
373
–74,
381
–82,
386

U.S. naval victories in,
383
–84,
385
–86,
388
,
392
,
420

war hawks,
372
,
375
,
377
–78

Washington City as target in,
390
,
398
–400,
403
–4,
405
–12

and western expansion,
419
–20

Washington, Bushrod,
173

Washington, George:

birthday celebrated,
253

as Cincinnatus,
179

and Constitutional Convention,
7
,
119
–20,
125
–28,
136
–37,
138
,
140
,
151
,
156

and Continental army,
48
,
56
,
58
,
63
,
66
,
75
,
95
,
209

and Continental Congress,
77

death of,
281
–82

editorial attacks on,
235
,
241

estate of,
452

Farewell Address of,
263
,
266
,
438

and
The Federalist,
158

and foreign relations,
89
,
240
–42,
247
,
257
,
259

and Hamilton,
91
,
234
,
278

health of,
217
,
219
,
233
–34,
349

and House of Burgesses,
44
,
46

inaugural address of,
186
,
187
–88,
438

and Jay Treaty,
255
,
256
,
257
,
258
,
260
,
266
,
269

and land speculation,
115

Madison’s assistance to,
188
,
203
,
227
,
234
,
242
,
244

Madison’s correspondence with,
71
,
175
,
178

Madison’s eulogy for,
281
–82

and military expansion,
278
–79

and money matters,
97
,
222

at Mount Vernon,
167
,
178
,
179
,
184
–85,
266
,
281

papers of,
10

personal traits of,
2
,
192
–93,
281
–82

and political parties,
233
,
241
,
247

popularity of,
57
,
247

portrait of,
409
,
435

and Potomac River,
113

presidency of,
8
,
168
,
178
–79,
182
,
185
,
186
–88,
238
,
242

and prisoners of war,
69

and ratification,
157
,
166
,
167
,
172
,
174
,
178

reputation of,
120
,
258

and retirement,
179
,
233

and Revolution,
49
,
63
,
64
–65,
66
,
78
,
90
–91,
115

and right of assembly,
251
–52

and Second Congress,
227

and second term,
233
–34,
236
–37

and slavery,
51
,
167

and Society of the Cincinnati,
119
–20

statesmanship of,
156

successors to,
262
,
263

and Whiskey Rebellion,
250
,
251
,
252

Washington, George Steptoe,
250

Washington, Lucy Payne,
250

Washington, Martha,
349
,
452

Washington City:

burned by British,
8
,
409
,
411
,
416
–17

early days of,
295
–97

Madisons’ move to,
295
–97

Patent Office building,
414

reestablishing the government in,
410
–12,
414
,
415

setting of,
219
,
296
,
297
,
360
–61

social life in,
253
,
306
–7,
313
–16,
354
–56,
385
–86

and War of 1812,
8
,
390
,
392
,
398
–400,
402
–4,
405
–12,
418

White House in,
411

Webster, Daniel,
391
,
433

Wellington, Duke of,
420
–21

Wesley, John,
38

West Florida,
304
,
310
,
323
,
329
,
331
,
367
–68

West Point,
80
,
112
,
386

Whiskey Rebellion,
250
–52,
255

Wilkins, William,
249

Wilkinson, James,
336
–37,
393

Williamson, Hugh,
148

Willis, John,
331

Willis, Nelly Madison,
438
,
453

Wilson, James,
131
,
133
,
134
,
136
,
139
,
143
–44

Winder, Levin,
399

Winder, William,
399
–401,
403
,
405
–7,
410
,
417

Wirt, William,
266
,
338
,
347
,
414
,
415

Witherspoon, John,
22
,
25
,
27
–30,
42

Wythe, George,
70
,
107
,
129
,
176
,
284
,
290
,
291

XYZ Affair,
273
,
279
,
331

Yates, Robert,
133

Yazoo landgrab,
324
–27,
347

Yorktown, Battle of,
91
,
92

Yrujo y Tacón, Don Carlos Martínez de,
323
,
332
,
337

1
: Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USZ62-16960

2
: Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USZC4-4098

3
: Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USZC4-4099

4
: Louis S. Glanzman

5
: Excerpt courtesy of the Newspaper and Periodicals Division of the Library of Congress

6
: Photograph © 2014 Museum of Fine Arts, Boston

7
:
George Washington
(oil on canvas), Stuart, Gilbert (1755–1828) / Sterling & Francine Clark Art Institute, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA / The Bridgeman Art Library

8
: Charles Willson Peale,
James Madison,
from the collection of Gilcrease Museum, Tulsa, Oklahoma

9
: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Gift of Mrs. George S. Robbins

10
: White House Historical Association (White House Collection)

11
: Courtesy of The Montpelier Foundation, James Madison’s Montpelier, and Partsense, Inc.

12
: Courtesy of The Montpelier Foundation, James Madison’s Montpelier, and Partsense, Inc.

13
: Courtesy of The Montpelier Foundation, James Madison’s Montpelier, and Partsense, Inc.

14
: © National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution, and the Thomas Jefferson Foundation at Monticello

15
: Collection of The New-York Historical Society, negative #6227

16
: Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USZ62-4702

17
: Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USZ62-1804

18
: © Fundación Lázaro Galdiano, Madrid

19
: Gilbert Charles Stuart,
Marquis de Casa Yrujo,
1804. Collection of Thomas R. and Susan McKean; photograph courtesy of the Philadelphia Museum of Art

20
: Gilbert Charles Stuart,
Marchioness de Casa Yrujo,
1804. Collection of Thomas R. and Susan McKean; photograph courtesy of the Philadelphia Museum of Art

21
: Courtesy National Gallery of Art, Washington

22
: White House Historical Association (White House Collection)

23
: Gilbert Stuart, 1944.15. Virginia Historical Society

24
: Wood, Joseph (1778–1830), (attributed to).
John Payne Todd.
ca. 1817. Watercolor on ivory, 2 ⅝ x 2
¹
⁄
₁₆
in. (6.7 x 5.26 cm). Gift of Miss Mary Madison McGuire, 1936 (36.73). The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NY, U.S.A. Image copyright © The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Image source: Art Resource, NY

25
: Naval History & Heritage Command, Washington, DC

26
: Naval War College Museum Collection

27
:
John Armstrong
by Rembrandt Peale, from life, c. 1808. Courtesy of Independence National Historical Park

28
: © Bettmann/Corbis

29
: White House Historical Association (White House Collection)

30
: Armed Forces History Division, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution

31
: Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, photograph by Carol M. Highsmith, LC-HS503-5367

32
: White House Historical Association (White House Collection)

33
: Joseph Wood, 1967.14. Virginia Historical Society

34
: Joseph Wood, 1967.13. Virginia Historical Society

35
: Photograph by Kenneth Wyner. Courtesy of The Montpelier Foundation, James Madison’s Montpelier

36
: Photograph by Philip Beaurline. Courtesy of The Montpelier Foundation, James Madison’s Montpelier

37
: Courtesy of The Montpelier Foundation, James Madison’s Montpelier