Last of the Cold War Spies (59 page)

14
. Levine,
Eyewitness
.

15
. Information supplied by a retired French intelligence operative.

16
. Levine,
Eyewitness,
p. 196; see also testimony before the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee Hearings, June 6 and 7, 1956.

17
. U.S. National Archives, file 761, 62/09-2239.

18
.
New York Times,
October 12, 1939.

19
. The Louis Waldham files at the New York Public Library, Folder 2, November 25, 1939, from Immigration Director Houghteling of the Labor Department.

20
. Costello,
Mask of Treachery,
p. 348.

21
. Philby,
My Silent War,
p. 102.

22
. The source for this is Peter Wright,
Spycatcher
. Chapman Pincher also covers this in
Too Secret Too Long
. His source, although unnamed at the time of the book’s publication, was Peter Wright.

23
. The source for Liddell’s reaction is a former MI5 officer, who was informed by Arthur Martin. Martin reviewed the Krivitsky material when Philby was interrogated, and he sat in on the questioning of Philby.

24
. Sources for the report by Jane Sissmore,
née
Archer, include Kim Philby,
My Silent War
, and Brooke-Shepherd,
The Storm Petrels
.

25
. The source is the former MI5 officer cited above who was informed by Arthur Martin.

26
. Ibid.

27
. Borovik,
The Philby Files,
pp. 243–244.

28
. Ibid., pp. 83, 122, 243–244, 275, 298.

1
. Burgess’s visa dates taken from the U.S. National Archive, NA\710.4111, Burgess, Guy 7-840.

2
. Costello,
Mask of Treachery
, p. 271.

3
. FBI interviews with Michael Straight, June 24, 1963.

4
. Young,
The Elmhirsts of Dartington,
p. 343.

5
. Ibid., p. 344.

6
. Both the U.S. National Archives and the Roosevelt Library at Hyde Park, New York, have a record of a letter regarding Michael Straight being sent by Franklin Roosevelt to the State Department (NA\111.24/131 1/2, July 29, FDR to State).

7
. Newton,
The Cambridge Spies,
pp. 21–22.

8
. Interview with former MI5 officer, December 2002.

9
. Newton,
The Cambridge Spies,
pp. 21–22.

10
. Interview with Wright, 1988. Rothschild told Wright that he had been chosen by Liddell to go to Washington to debrief Krivitsky again.

11
. Interviews with Modin in 1993 and 1996; interviews with Vladimir Barkovsky, October 1996.

12
. Flora Lewis, “Who Killed Krivitsky,”
Washington Post,
February 13, 1966.

13
.Dallin,
Soviet Intelligence,
pp. 409–410.

14
. FBI report to J. Edgar Hoover, February 14, 1941, file no. 100-11146-22.

15
. Chambers,
Witness
, pp. 485–486.

16
. Ibid.

17
. Dallin,
Soviet Intelligence.
His desire to purchase a gun seems odd, considering that, according to Chambers, he already carried one. One explanation could be that he was forced to buy a weapon by his killers, who were setting up the “suicide.”

18
. Newton,
The Cambridge Spies
, p. 24;
Washington Star,
February 11, 1941.

19
. Ibid.

20
. Dallin,
Soviet Intelligence.

21
. Ibid.

22
. This is Waldman’s explanation of the lock.

23
. FBI reports from file no. 100-11146; serials 13, 14, 16, 17, 19, 22, 28, 28, 29, 34, 43, 53.

24
. Brooke-Shepherd,
The Storm Petrels,
pp. 176–177, and Newton,
The
Cambridge Spies,
pp. 28ff. Italics added.

25
. Ibid.

26
. Via Internet—1: Cold War Spies and Espionage; 2: Venona: Soviet Espionage and the American response, and links; 3: Nova On-line, and links.

27
. Borovik,
The Philby Files,
p. 122.

28
. Newton,
The Cambridge Spies,
p. 30; see also Report no. 15 in the Senate Judiciary Files, U.S. National Archives, dated April 8, 1954, re: The Murder of General Walter Krivitsky in Washington, D.C.

29
. Ibid.

30
. Straight,
After Long Silence
, p. 140.

31
. Ibid., p.143.

32
. Interview with Modin, October 1996.

1
. Straight,
After Long Silence
, p. 157.

2
. Ibid.

3
. Ibid.

4
. Young,
The Elmhirsts of Dartington,
p. 236.

5
.Straight,
After Long Silence
, p. 159.

6
. Ibid.

7
.
New Republic
, February 17, 1941.

8
. Ibid.

9
. Straight,
After Long Silence
, pp. 160–161.

10
. Ibid., p. 166.

11
.
New Republic
, April 28, 1941.

12
. See FBI file no. 100-3476; also Hoover to his special agent in charge of investigating the
New Republic,
September 15, 1942, file no. 100-619296-26; also relevant are the FBI interviews with Michael Straight, June 24, 1963.

13
. Ibid.

14
.
New Republic
, May 26, 1941.

15
. From Michael Straight’s FBI file. The article was by Benjamin Stolberg.

16
. Straight,
After Long Silence
, p. 268.

17
. Leaming,
Orson Welles
, p. 276.

18
. Ibid.

19
. Straight,
Let This Be the Last War
, p. 162; see especially the chapter titled “The Crisis of the War of Liberation.”

20
. FBI file no. 100-619296; FBI interview with Michael Straight, June 24, 1963.

21
. References to code names from Venona material at the NSA.

22
. In 1945 Gayn would be arrested in the so-called
Amerasia
case. The Office of Naval Intelligence found hundreds of secret government documents strewn around the offices of
Amerasia
, a small pro-Maoist journal published by Philip Jaffe and partially funded by the Institute of Pacific Affairs. Gayn was never prosecuted. This led to speculation in intelligence circles that he was turned into a double agent. It would certainly explain Gayn’s position. No other journalist, not even Australia’s communist-supporting agent of influence Wilfred Burchett, had access to the highest echelons of power in Moscow, Beijing, and Washington during the 1950s. In 1963 the ubiquitous Gayn was said to have foreknowledge of the plot to assassinate President Kennedy. According to Richard Case Nagell, a U.S. military intelligence officer, a Soviet agent ordered him to eliminate Lee Harvey Oswald before he and two Cuban accomplices could carry out a plan to assassinate Kennedy. That Soviet agent, Nagell claimed, was either Gayn or Tracy Barnes, a CIA spy, who was Michael Straight’s cousin. These claims are explained in the book by U.S. journalist Dick Russell,
The Man
Who Knew Too Much
.

23
. Costello,
Mask of Treachery,
p. 477.

24
. Ibid.

25
. The FBI file on Michael Straight, 100-3644.

26
. Harvey et al.,
The Secret World of American Communism
, pp. 249–259. In the end, Browder found Josephine Treslow Adams, who started the link to the Roosevelts when she was commissioned to paint Eleanor in 1941. Adams claimed to Browder that she had personally intervened with the president to release Browder from prison, to which he had been sentenced in 1941 for using a false passport on his trips to the Soviet Union. Roosevelt had Browder released in May 1942—three years short of his full term. In mid-1943, messages flowed
from Adams to Browder, which she claimed came originally from her verbal communication with Roosevelt. They were sent to the Moscow Center and Stalin. The communications “coup” of supposedly having the president’s ear gained Browder some kudos. Later the “verbal” messages were found to have been concocted by the skillful Adams, who was diagnosed as mentally ill.

27
. See Venona at NSA for May 1943.

28
. Blum,
The Price of Vision,
pp. 347–358.

29
. Edgar Snow, “Must the East Go Red?”
Saturday Evening Post,
May 12, 1945.

30
. See Michael Straight’s FBI file.

31
. See Klehr and Radosh, “Anatomy of a Fix,”
New Republic
, April 21, 1986; see also their updated book of 1996,
The Amerasia Spy Case.

32
. Interview with William Elmhirst, August 1997.

33
. Sudoplatov, Sudoplatov, and Schecter,
Special Tasks;
see especially the chapter titled “Atomic Spies.”

34
. Ibid., p. 189.

35
. Ibid.

36
. Ibid.

1
. Historian Hugh Trevor Roper recalled Blunt telling him in some detail about the assignment. See
Times Literary Supplement,
October 1945. There is also an account of Moorhead’s visit with Blunt in the Royal Archive, Royal Collections Department, Windsor, Berkshire.

2
. Report on Nash in
New York Times,
June 10, 1946. She was arrested for gem theft at the Kronberg Castle after Blunt’s visit. She was inspired—with her friend Colonel Jack Durant, an army flyer—to act criminally when she realized the value of items and treasures at the castle.

3
.
Times Literary Supplement,
October 1945.

4
. Costello,
Mask of Treachery
, pp. 446–447.

5
. Interview with Peter Wright, June 1988; and another MI5 source, June 1992; also interview with Modin, July 1993.

6
. Ibid.

7
. Blunt to British historian Hugh Trevor-Roper,
Times Literary Supplement
, October 1945.

8
. Information from British intelligence source, February 1997.

9
.
Times Literary Supplement
, October 1945. This supports information from Modin, Wright, and two other British intelligence sources that Blunt read the letters and transcripts.

10
. Information from John Costello, November 1994, and a British intelligence source, June 1996; see also Costello,
Mask of Treachery,
p. 446.

11
. Sources include Modin and Wright. This is the assessment of several journalists, historians, and intelligence operatives in the United Kingdom and Russia.

12
.Information from Modin, July 1993.

13
. Interviews with Modin, July 1993 and October 1996. A further Russian source added some detail in an interview, August 1993.

14
. Interviews with Modin, July 1993 and October 1996.

1
. Interview with Cord Meyer, October 1996.

2
. Smith,
A Peril and a Hope,
p. 283; interview with Cord Meyer, October 1996.

3
. Straight,
After Long Silence
, p. 200.

4
. Ibid.

5
. Straight,
After Long Silence
, p. 201.

6
. FBI interview with Michael Straight, July 18, 1975; file no. 100-61927-10.

7
. See Maria Elena de la Iglesia, ed.,
Dartington Hall School
.

8
. Interview with William Elmhirst, February 1997.

9
. Sudoplatov, Sudoplatov, Schecter,
Special Tasks;
see especially the chapter titled “Atomic Spies.”

10
. Ibid.

11
. See
New Republic
editorials throughout 1946.

12
. Schmidt,
Henry A. Wallace, Quixotic Campaign 1948
, p. 19.

1
. Straight,
After Long Silence,
p. 204.

2
. Ibid., pp. 221–222.

3
.
New Republic,
December 16, 1946.

4
. See all editions of
New Republic,
December 1946.

5
. Ibid.

6
. Straight,
After Long Silence,
p. 205.