Liberation (135 page)

Morgan.
See Forster, E.M.

Moriarty, Michael (b. 1941).
American actor and jazz pianist; raised in Detroit, educated at Dartmouth and at the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Arts. He won a Tony Award for his performance in
Find Your Way Home
, which Isherwood saw in 1974, and in the same year he won his first Emmy for his supporting role in a T.V. version of
The Glass Menagerie
with Katharine Hepburn. His films include
Bang the Drum Slowly
(1973),
Pale Rider
(1985), and
The Hanoi Hilton
(1987). In the early 1990s, he became known for his regular T.V. appearances on “Law & Order.” He had four wives; the second was Françoise Martinet, from 1966 to 1978; he divorced her to marry his third, from 1978 to 1997, Anne Hamilton Martin.

Mortimer, John (1923–2009).
British barrister, novelist and playwright, educated at Harrow and Oxford. He wrote
A Voyage Round My Father
(1971) and
Rumpole of the Bailey
(1975) and its sequels, later a T.V. series. He is credited with adapting Waugh's
Brideshead Revisited
for T.V. (1981), and he devised the script for
Tea with Mussolini
(1999), among many other projects. Tony Richardson directed his play of Robert Graves's
I, Claudius
in the West End, opening July 11, 1972, after first proposing that Mortimer adapt it along with
Claudius the God
as a film. The production was not successful.

Mortimer, Raymond (1895–1980).
English literary and art critic; he was writer and editor for numerous magazines and newspapers and wrote books on painting and the decorative arts as well as a novel. He was at Balliol College, Oxford, with Aldous Huxley and later became a close friend of Gerald Heard, introducing Heard to Huxley in 1929; he was also intimate with various Bloomsbury figures and an advocate of their work. From 1948 onward, he worked for
The Sunday Times
, spending the last nearly thirty years of his life as their chief reviewer. He appears in
D.1
and
D.2.

Mortmere.
An imaginary English village invented by Isherwood and Edward Upward when they were at Cambridge together in the 1920s; the inhabitants were satires of generic English social types and were all slightly mad. As part of their rebellion against public school and university, Upward and Isherwood shared an elaborate fantasy life which was described by Isherwood in
Lions and Shadows
. The fragmentary stories the two wrote for each other about Mortmere were eventually published as a collection in 1994; Upward's
The Railway Accident
appeared on its own in 1949.

Moses, Ed (b. 1926).
American artist, born near Long Beach, California, and educated at UCLA. His early work reflects his interest in abstract expressionism, but he has explored many styles. His drawings, paintings and graphic designs are held by major museums, including the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, the Fine Arts Museum in San Francisco, the Norton Simon Museum, and the National Gallery of Art and the Smithsonian Museum of American Art in Washington, D.C. His wife, Avilda, was a Southerner from a wealthy family and was for a time a follower of a Tibetan Buddhist mystic, Dezhung Rinpoche (1906–1987).

Mostert, Noël.
Canadian journalist and short story writer, born in Cape Town, settled in Tangier. He was a military correspondent for Canadian forces in Europe and a U.N. correspondent in New York for the
Montreal Star
. His books include
Supership
(1974), about oil tankers, and the major work,
Frontiers: The Epic of South Africa's Creation and the Tragedy of the Xhosa People
(1992).

Murdock, James (1931–1981).
American actor; born David Baker. He worked mostly in T.V. Westerns in the late 1950s and 1960s: “Gunsmoke,” “Rawhide” (as Harkness “Mushy” Mushgrove, the cook's assistant), “Have Gun, Will Travel,” and “Cheyenne.” Isherwood tended to misspell his name as Murdoc
h
. He appears in
D.2.

namaskar.
Salutation; see pranam.

Nanny.
See Avis, Annie.

Narendra, also Naren.
See Vivekananda, Swami.

Natalie.
See Leavitt, Natalie.

Natasha.
See Spender, Natasha Litvin.

National Institute of Arts and Letters.
The National Institute of Arts and Letters had 250 members chosen in recognition of their individual achievements in art, literature, and music. It amalgamated in 1976 with the American Academy of Arts and Letters and was called the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters, then later simplified its name to the American Academy of Arts and Letters. Members are chosen for life, and they confer several awards of their own, including the E.M. Forster Award. The organization maintains a library and museum in Manhattan. Isherwood was elected in 1949.

National Portrait Gallery, London.
After acquiring Bachardy's 1967 portrait of Auden in 1969, Roy Strong left the NPG to become director of the Victoria and Albert Museum in 1974 and went on to a career as a writer and broadcaster. He was succeeded at the NPG by the art historian John Hayes, who was director from 1974 to 1993. Hayes was an expert in the paintings of Thomas Gainsborough. It was not until 1996, when Charles Saumarez Smith was director, that the NPG acquired Bachardy's portraits of Ackerley (1961), Forster (1961), John Osborne (1968), and Thom Gunn (1996) and commissioned portraits of James Ivory, Ismail Merchant, and Ruth Prawer Jhabvala. In 1998, the NPG purchased a ninth portrait, of Dodie Smith (1961).

Neal, Warren.
Black psychiatric nurse. He was Jim Gates's first real love after Gates left the monastery. Neal commuted to work at an institution northeast of Los Angeles, past Pomona, possibly in Bakersfield. He died of AIDS some time before Gates did, and a number of years after they broke up.

Neil.
See Hartley, Neil.

Nelson, Allyn L.
A girlfriend of Jim Gates and Peter Schneider. She lived in Oxnard, California, and attended Claremont College, where she met Gates and Schneider. Schneider later recalled she may have been studying nursing. She appears in
D.2.

Newman, Bob
.
Friend, assistant, and travelling companion to Tony Richardson during the mid-1970s; he settled in Richardson's Los Angeles pool house, looked after the gardens at Richardson's various properties, and eventually started his own gardening business. Bachardy hired him to garden at 145 Adelaide Drive from the mid-1980s onward.

Newman, Paul (1925–2008) and Joanne Woodward (b. 1930).
American actor, director, producer, born in Ohio, educated at Kenyon College, Yale School of Drama and Actors' Studio and his second wife, actress, film and T.V. producer, born in Georgia and educated at Louisiana State University and New York's Neighborhood Playhouse. He debuted on Broadway in
Picnic
(1953) and received many awards and nominations for his Hollywood films, which include
Cat on a Hot Tin Roof
(1958),
The Hustler
(1961),
Hud
(1963),
Cool Hand Luke
(1967),
Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid
(1969),
The Sting
(1973),
The Verdict
(1982),
The Color of Money
(1986, Academy Award), and
Road to Perdition
(2002). They met when Woodward was an understudy for
Picnic
and married in 1958. By then, she had won an Academy Award for
The Three Faces of Eve
(1957). Her other films include
Rachel, Rachel
(1968) and
The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds
(1972) both directed by Newman,
The Sound and the Fury
(1959),
Mr. and Mrs. Bridge
(1991), and two Emmy Award-winning T.V. films in 1978. They were liberal Democratic activists, and his Newman's Own food products generated hundreds of millions of dollars for charity. Gore Vidal introduced Isherwood and Bachardy to the Newmans in the mid-1950s, and they appear in
D.1
and
D.2
. Both stars sat for Bachardy in the early 1960s.

Nichols, Mike (b. 1931).
American actor, director, producer; born in Berlin. He emigrated to New York at seven and was educated at the University of Chicago. His real name was Michael Igor Peschkowsky. He studied acting with Lee Strasberg and became famous with Elaine May in a comedy duo which they took to Broadway as
An Evening with Mike Nichols and Elaine May
(1960). He directed many Broadway hits, including
Barefoot in the Park
(1964),
The Odd Couple
(1965),
The Little Foxes
(1967),
Plaza Suite
(1968),
The Prisoner of Second Avenue
(1971),
The Real Thing
(1984),
Death and the Maiden
(1992), and
Spamalot
(2005). His Hollywood successes were just as numerous, among them:
Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf ?
(1966),
The Graduate
(1967),
Carnal Knowledge
(1971),
The Day of the Dolphin
(1973),
Silkwood
(1983),
Working Girl
(1988),
Postcards from the Edge
(1990),
Primary Colors
(1998),
Closer
(2004), and
Charlie Wilson's War
(2007). When Isherwood knew him, his wife was Pat Scot. His fourth wife, since 1988, is newscaster Diane Sawyer. He appears in
D.2.

Niem, Jan (d. 1973).
Chauffeur to Tony Richardson, for twenty years. He was born in Poland and sent to a camp in Siberia by the Russians during World War II. He came to the U.K. after the war, on a training scheme Churchill offered Stalin, and was made a British citizen so that he did not have to return to the USSR. He married an English woman with whom he ran a car service for the film industry. According to rumor, Tony Richardson “won” him in a poker game with Cubby Broccoli. He died on top of a prostitute while on location in the South of France.

Nikhilananda, Swami.
Indian monk of the Ramakrishna Order; a longtime head of the Ramakrishna-Vedanta Center in New York, on the Upper East Side; author of numerous books on Vedanta and translator of
The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna
from Bengali into English with the help of Joseph Campbell, Margaret Woodrow Wilson, and John Moffitt who put Nikhilananda's translations of the songs into poetic form. He appears in
D.1
and
D.2
.

Nin, Anaïs (1903–1977) and Rupert Pole (1919–2006).
American writer and her second husband, an actor, forest ranger, and teacher. She was born in Paris, raised in New York after the outbreak of World War I, and spent the 1920s and 1930s back in Paris seeking out the company of writers, intellectuals, and bohemians. She became a psychoanalyst as well as writing novels, short stories, and literary criticism. Her six-volume
Diary
began to appear in 1966, and tells, among other things, about her friendship with Henry Miller. Her other books include
Children of the Albatross
(1947)—which Isherwood read and admired before he met her—
The Four-Chambered Heart
(1950), and
A Spy in the House of Love
(1954). Some of her work, like Miller's, was published in Paris years before it appeared in the U.S. She had many love affairs, and her 1955 marriage to Pole was bigamous, since she never divorced her first husband, New York banker Hugh Guiler, and kept her continuing relationship with Guiler a secret from Pole until 1966. Pole, much younger than she, was a stepgrandson of Frank Lloyd Wright. He had a Harvard music degree, played the viola and the guitar, and acted professionally in New York in the late 1940s before going to California to study forestry at UCLA and Berkeley. As Isherwood tells in
Lost Years
, Nin lived with Pole at his forest station in the San Gabriel mountains among all the other rangers in defiance of the rules. By the 1970s, the pair settled in the Silver Lake District of Los Angeles in a house designed by Wright's grandson, Eric Lloyd Wright, and Pole became a science teacher. They appear in
D.2
.

Nixon and the students.
Student opposition to the Vietnam War grew in response to the introduction of the draft lottery in December 1969 and erupted after Nixon, on April 30, 1970, announced the Cambodian invasion. On May 4, four student demonstrators were shot and killed and nine others wounded by the Ohio National Guard at Kent State in Ohio. On May 8, 100,000 students marched on Washington. Nixon left the White House before dawn on May 9 to speak with a few informally at the Lincoln Memorial. On May 15, two more students were shot dead and twelve wounded at Jackson State in Mississippi. Over 400 campuses across the U.S. were closed by protests.

Oberon, Merle (1911–1979).
British film star, raised in India and discovered in London by her first husband, Alexander Korda, who made her internationally famous during the 1930s. Her films include
The Private Life of Henry VIII
(1933),
The Scarlet Pimpernel
(1935),
Wuthering Heights
(1939),
Forever and a Day
(1943),
Stage Door Canteen
(1943), and
A Song to Remember
(1945). She divorced Korda in 1945 and married cinematographer Lucien Ballard, whom she divorced in 1949. In 1957 she married again, to Bruno Pagliai, an Italian industrial tycoon with vast holdings in Latin America and especially Mexico, where they went to live until she divorced him in 1973. Her fourth marriage was to actor Robert Wolders, her co-star in her last film,
Interval
(1973), which she produced herself. She appears in
D.2.