Lion of Jordan (109 page)

15
. King Abdullah,
My Memoirs Completed: ‘Al Takmilah'
(London: Longman, 1978), xvi.

16
. Interview with King Hussein bin Talal, 3 December 1996, Buckhurst Park, Ascot. An abridged version of this interview was published after the king's death under the title ‘His Royal Shyness: King Hussein and Israel',
New York Review of Books
, 15 July 1999.

17
. Protocol of a meeting held with district commanders on 2 July 1952 and chaired by Ahmed Sidqi al-Jundi, collection of Jordanian records of the General Investigations, General Security and Military Intelligence departments captured by the IDF during the June War. Classified papers deposited in the Ben-Gurion Archive, Sede–Boker.

18
. E. H. Hutchison,
Violent Truce: A Military Observer Looks at the Arab–Israeli Conflict 1951–1955
(New York: Devin-Adiar, 1956), 44.

19
. John Bagot Glubb,
A Soldier with the Arabs
(London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1957), 310.

20
. Ariel Sharon,
Warrior: The Autobiography of Ariel Sharon
(London: Macdonald, 1989), 90–91.

21
. Yemima Rosenthal, ed.,
Documents on the Foreign Policy of Israel. Volume XIII: 1953
(Jerusalem: Israel State Archives, 1995), introduction and editorial note, 769–71.

22
. Arye Eilan to Gideon Rafael, 4 January 1954, FM 2474/13A, Israel State Archives (ISA), quoted in Morris,
Israel's Border Wars
, 67.

23
. Interview with Natheer Rasheed.

24
. Philip Geyelin, ‘Hashemite: The Story of King Hussein of Jordan', unpublished manuscript, ‘The Papers of Philips Geyelin', Middle East Centre Archive, St Antony's College, Oxford, Chapter 14, 13.

25
. Satloff,
From Abdullah to Hussein
, 86–7.

26
. Ann Dearden,
Jordan
(London: Robert Hale, 1958), 107.

27
. Satloff,
From Abdullah to Hussein
, 87.

1
. Fawaz A. Gerges,
The Superpowers and the Middle East: Regional and International Politics 1955–1967
(Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1994), 26.

2
. Uriel Dann, ‘The Foreign Office, the Baghdad Pact and Jordan',
Asian and African Studies
, 21 (1987).

3
. Humphrey Trevelyan,
The Middle East in Revolution
(London: Macmillan, 1970), 56.

4
. Gerges,
The Superpowers and the Middle East
, 25.

5
. Charles Duke, ‘Jordan: Annual Review for 1955', 27 July 1956, FO 371/121461, Public Record Office (PRO).

6
. Hussein bin Talal,
Uneasy Lies the Head: An Autobiography
(London: Heinemann, 1962), 83.

7
. Ibid., 87.

8
. Interview with Prince Talal bin Muhammad.

9
. Hussein bin Talal,
Uneasy Lies the Head
, 86.

10
. Ibid., 86–7.

11
. Nutting to Eden, 18 June 1955, cited in Robert B. Satloff,
From Abdullah to Hussein: Jordan in Transition
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1993), 111.

12
. Hussein bin Talal,
Uneasy Lies the Head,
88.

13
. Satloff,
From Abdullah to Hussein,
110.

14
. Elie Podeh,
The Quest for Hegemony in the Arab World: The Struggle over the Baghdad Pact
(Leiden: Brill, 1995), 175–7.

15
. Ibid., 176–83.

16
. Dann, ‘The Foreign Office, the Baghdad Pact and Jordan'.

17
. Charles Duke, ‘Jordan: Annual Review for 1955', 27 July 1956, FO 371/121461, PRO.

18
. Hussein bin Talal,
Uneasy Lies the Head,
93.

19
. Trevelyan,
The Middle East in Revolution,
57.

20
. John Bagot Glubb,
A Soldier with the Arabs
(London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1957), 393–7.

21
. Lawrence Tal,
Politics, the Military, and National Security in Jordan 1955–1967
(Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002), 22.

22
. Interview with Mreiwad al-Tall.

23
. Hazza' al-Majali,
Mudhakkarati [My Memoirs],
in Arabic (Beirut: Dar al-Ilm lil-Malayeen, 1960), 72.

24
. Glubb,
A Soldier with the Arabs,
407.

25
. Hussein bin Talal,
Uneasy Lies the Head,
92–3.

26
. E. Schneorson to E. Elath, 4 January 1956, 3745/1, ISA.

27
. Quoted in Uriel Dann, ‘Glubb and the Politicization of the Arab Legion: An Annotated Document',
Asian and African Studies,
21 (1987).

28
. Anthony Eden,
Full Circle: The Memoirs of the Rt Hon. Sir Anthony Eden
(London: Cassell, 1960), 345–6.

29
. Satloff,
From Abdullah to Hussein,
131–2.

30
. Interview with Prince El Hassan bin Talal.

31
. Peter Snow,
Hussein: A Biography
(London: Barrie and Jenkins, 1972), 65.

32
. James Morris,
The Hashemite Kings
(London: Faber and Faber, 1959), 205.

33
. Charles Duke, ‘Jordan: Annual Review for 1955', 27 July 1956, FO 371/121461, PRO.

34
. Hussein bin Talal,
Uneasy Lies the Head,
57.

35
. Amalia and Aharon Barnea,
Mine Enemy
(London: Halban, 1989).

36
. Ibid., Chapter 5.

1
. James Morris,
The Hashemite Kings
(London: Faber and Faber, 1959), 206–7.

2
. Evelyn Shuckburgh,
Descent to Suez: Diaries 1951–1956
(London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1986), 292.

3
. C. H. Johnston, ‘Jordan: Annual Review for 1956', 19 March 1957, FO 371/127876, Public Record Office (PRO).

4
. Hussein bin Talal,
Uneasy Lies the Head: An Autobiography
(London: Heinemann, 1962), 107–12.

5
. Morris,
The Hashemite Kings,
209.

6
. Interview with Marwan Kasim.

7
. Hussein bin Talal,
Uneasy Lies the Head,
116.

8
. Interview with Marwan Kasim; interview with Natheer Rasheed.

9
. Interview with Prince Talal bin Muhammad.

10
. Hussein bin Talal,
Uneasy Lies the Head,
117–18.

11
. Interview with Marwan Kasim.

12
. Morris,
The Hashemite Kings,
211.

13
. Anthony Eden,
Full Circle: The Memories of the Rt Hon. Sir Anthony Eden
(London: Cassell, 1960), 347–8.

14
. Ibid., 348–9.

15
. Hussein bin Talal,
Uneasy Lies the Head,
119–20.

16
. Interview with Ahmad al-Lozi.

17
. Eden,
Full Circle,
349.

18
. Anthony Nutting,
No End of a Lesson: The Story of Suez
(London: Constable, 1967), 18.

19
. Mohamed H. Heikal,
Cutting the Lion's Tail: Suez through Egyptian Eyes
(London: André Deutsch, 1986), 96–8.

20
. Lester Mallory to DOS, 16 March 1956,
Foreign Relations of the United States 1955–1957.Volume XIII. Near East: Jordan – Yemen
(Washington, DC: United States Government Printing House, 1988), 33.

21
. Ann Dearden,
Jordan
(London: Robert Hale, 1958), 119.

22
. Morris,
The Hashemite Kings,
211.

23
. P. J. Vatikiotis,
Politics and the Military in Jordan: A Study of the Arab Legion 1921–1957
(London: Frank Cass, 1967), 124.

24
. C. H. Johnston, ‘Jordan: Annual Review for 1956', 19 March 1957, FO 371/127876, PRO.

25
. Ibid.

26
. Captain Aluf Hareven, Military Intelligence, to Foreign Ministry, 14 May 1956, ‘The Establishment of a Fedayeen Organisation in Jordan', 3745/1, Israel State Archive (ISA), Jerusalem.

27
. Zeid Raad, ‘A Nightmare Avoided: Jordan and Suez 1956,'
Israel Affairs,
1:2 (Winter 1994).

28
. S. B. Yeshaya to the director-general of the Foreign Ministry, 15 October 1956, 3745/ 1, ISA.

29
. Research Department, Foreign Ministry, 18 October 1956, ‘Israel and the Entry of an Iraqi Army into Jordan', 3745/1, ISA.

30
. Research Department, Foreign Ministry, 24 October 1956, ‘The New Jordanian Parliament', 3745/1, ISA.

31
. S. Divon to Foreign Minister, 15 October 1956, 3745/1, ISA.

32
. Eliahu Elath, London, to the Foreign Ministry, 13 December 1956, 3745/1, ISA.

1
. Hussein bin Talal,
Uneasy Lies the Head: An Autobiography
(London: Heinemann, 1962), 127.

2
. Ibid., 128.

3
. Interview with Marwan Kasim.

4
. Robin Bidwell,
Dictionary of Modern Arab History
(London: Kegan Paul, 1998), 292.

5
. Moshe Dayan,
Diary of the Sinai Campaign
(London: Sphere Books, 1967), 89.

6
. David Ben-Gurion's diary, 17 October 1956, the Ben-Gurion Archive, Sede-Boker. For an English version see ‘Ben-Gurion's Diary: The Suez-Sinai Campaign' in
The Suez-Sinai Crisis 1956: Retrospective and Reappraisal,
eds. Selwyn Ilan Troen and Moshe Shemesh (London: Frank Cass, 1990), 303.

7
. Avi Shlaim, ‘The Protocol of Sèvres, 1956: Anatomy of a War Plot',
International Affairs,
73:3 (July 1997).

8
. Appendix in ibid. The text of ‘The Protocol of Sèvres, 24 October 1956'was first published as Appendix A in Keith Kyle,
Suez
(London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1991).

9
. Zeid Raad, ‘A Nightmare Avoided: Jordan and Suez 1956',
Israel Affairs,
1:2 (Winter 1994).

10
. Hazza' al-Majali,
Mudhakkarati [My Memoirs],
in Arabic (Beirut: Dar al-Ilm lil-Malayeen, 1960).

11
. Anwar al-Khatib al-Tamimi,
Ma'a Salah al-Din fi al-Quds: Ta'ammulat wa-Dhikrayat [With Salah al-Din in Jerusalem: Contemplations and Memoirs],
in Arabic (Jerusalem: Dar al-Tibaah al-Arabiyah, 1989), 105–11.

12
. Charles Johnston,
The Brink of Jordan
(London: Hamish Hamilton, 1972), 27.

13
. Peter Snow,
Hussein: A Biography
(London: Barrie and Jenkins, 1972), 100.

14
. Quoted in Kennett Love,
Suez-The Twice-fought War: A History
(New York: McGraw-Hill, 1969), 532–3.

15
. Khatib,
Ma'a Salah al-Din fi al-Quds,
111.

16
. Dayan,
Diary of the Sinai Campaign,
89–90.

17
. Philip Geyelin's interview with Ali Abu Nuwar, 20 June 1990, ‘The Papers of Philip Geyelin', Middle East Centre Archive, St Antony's College, Oxford.

18
. Interview with Prince El Hassan bin Talal.

19
. James Morris,
The Hashemite Kings
(London: Faber and Faber, 1959), 213.

20
. Snow,
Hussein,
100–101.

21
. C. H. Johnston, ‘Jordan: Annual Review for 1956', 19 March 1957, FO 371/127876, PRO.

22
. John Bagot Glubb,
A Soldier with the Arabs
(London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1957), 432.

23
. Johnston,
The Brink of Jordan,
81.

24
. Munib al-Madi and Suleiman Musa,
Tarikh al-urdunn fi al-qarn al-'ishreen [The History of Jordan in the Twentieth Century],
in Arabic, 2nd ed., Volume I (Amman: Maktaba al-Muhtasab, 1988), 648.

25
. Lester Mallory to the DOS, 9 November 1956,
Foreign Relations of the United States 1955–1957. Volume XIII. Near East: Jordan-Yemen
(Washington, DC: United States Government Printing House, 1988), 59.