Authors: Unknown

Tags: #Psychology/Human Sexuality, #Social Science/Gay Studies, #SOC012000, #PSY016000

Male Sex Work and Society (84 page)

BOOK: Male Sex Work and Society

10.77Mb size Format: txt, pdf, ePub

ads

research discourse: the philosophical lens through which a particular area of study is seen or interpreted

responsive marketing strategy: a flexible plan for advertising a business or service that can be amended as needed to adjust to client response

rights-based:
adj
. focused on defending civil or human rights

robust standard error: (
statistics
) a measure of the variability of expected errors within a dataset

ROI: Republic of Ireland

Ruhama: an organization working to end prostitution in the Republic of Ireland

r-squared: (
statistics
) a statistical measure showing how well a set of graphed data fits on a predicted line or curve; the higher the value of r-squared, the more likely the data are to be predictive

saturated market: an economic market in which supply is much greater than demand

scarcity premium: the amount by which the price of a good or service can be raised because a limited resource is in demand

Schlupfwinkel:
“hiding place”; public place in which MSWs operate (Germany)

scortum:
MSW (Ancient Rome)

scrape:
v
. to extract data directly from a website without accessing the underlying files or databases

secondary prevention: an attempt, especially through a government or public health program, to manage health issues using early detection and appropriate follow-up

selective interventions: public health or awareness initiatives that target individuals or groups of people who may be at risk or in danger

self-actualization:
n
. the process by which an individual seeks psychological growth and fulfillment

self-realization:
n
. the act of fulfilling one’s own potential

semantic differentiation: a process in which two words or concepts similar in meaning develop more distinct differences over time

sero-: (
combining form
) having to do with a person’s perceived or actual HIV status, as in
seropositioning, serosorting, serostatus

serology:
n
. the study of bodily serums, especially blood serum

SES: socioeconomic status

sexology:
n
. the study of human sexuality

sexual deviant:
n
. an individual whose sexual behavior fails to meet or directly contradicts a society’s standards of what is proper or appropriate

Sexual Offences Act (UK; 1967, 2000, 2003): a legislative act decriminalizing homosexual behavior; later amendments equalized the age of consent at 16 and made prostitution-related offenses gender-neutral in the UK

Sexual Offences Order (NI, 2008): the main legislative act governing the regulation of prostitution in Northern Ireland

shebeen:
“pub” (Namibia)

snowball sampling method: a cumulative method of recruiting subjects for a research study in which the participants refer other possible subjects to the researchers

social constructionism:
n
. in sociology, the theory that there is no objectivity and an individual’s reality is created through social systems

social context: the relationships and experiences influencing an individual within a particular culture or setting; also
social environment

social vulnerability: the risk of potential discrimination, violence, or other alienation from society faced by an individual or group

socio-: (
combining form
) involving or related to society or to social interaction; as in
sociodemographic, sociolegal, sociopolitical, sociosexual

socioeconomic status (SES): a measure of social position that takes into account education, income, and occupation

soldier prostitution: an 18
^th-century category of MSW between straight-identified male soldiers and queer-identified male clients; also
barracks prostitution

somatic:
adj
. affecting an individual’s physical body

specialist service provision: to offer services such as health care or economic support to a specific group of people

sphintria:
MSW (Ancient Rome)

SSW:
Survey to Sex Workers
(research survey, Latin America)

STDEV: standard deviation

STI
or
STD: sexually transmitted infection
or
disease

stigma:
n
. an identity or characteristic considered to be shameful

stigmatize:
v
. to label as shameful a person or group possessing a particular identity or characteristic; stigmatization,
n
.

stigma resistance: an individual’s ability to overcome the negative effects of a stigmatized identity

Stricher:
“hustler”; MSW (Germany); more stigmatized term than
Jungs

structural:
adj
. resulting from economic or political factors that are beyond an individual’s control

structural violence: harm caused by social structures or institutions

structured interview
or
survey: a method of collecting consistent data by asking exactly the same questions of all participants in a study, either in a personal interview or as a written questionnaire

structures of dependency: societal, political, and/or economic factors that perpetuate a need for support in individuals or nations

subjectivity:
n
. an internal identity constructed by an individual or a group

suicidal ideation: a preoccupation with or desire to commit suicide

suzhi:
“quality” (China, modern)

swag: (slang)
n
. a stylish and charismatic attitude

syllogism:
n
. a logical argument inferring a conclusion from two true statements

syndemics:
n
. a system of linked health problems within a population

TB: tuberculosis

tertiary prevention: an attempt, especially through a government or public health program, to manage and promote health among those with existing health issues

tongzhi:
collective term for sexually diverse identities (China, modern); equivalent of
LGBTI

TORL: Turn Off the Red Light (Ireland)

transactional sex: sex for pay or barter

transgressive sexuality: sexual behavior considered to be outside of socially acceptable norms

transprostitution: sex work involving those who identify as transgendered

transnational “circuit of desire”: a migration pattern followed by individuals engaged in sex tourism or sex work in Southeast Asia

travesti:
biological men with female or feminine gender identity (South America)

triad:
n
. organized Chinese criminal gang

trope:
n
. a commonly used image or theme

TTT: transsexuals, transvestites,
travesti
(South America)

Turn Off the Red Light: an organization working to end prostitution and human trafficking in Ireland

two-tailed test: (
statistics
) a test of a hypothesis calculating the likelihood of a statistically significant relationship on either end of a probability curve; a
one-tailed test
measures only one end of the curve

typology:
n
. classification according to similar characteristics; typological,
adj
.

UglyMugs.ie: an organization that campaigns for sex worker safety in Ireland

UKNSWP: UK Network of Sex Work Projects

UN: United Nations

UNAIDS: Joint UN Programme on HIV/AIDS

universal interventions: public health or awareness initiatives that target an entire population or community

Vic: Victoria (state, Australia)

WA: Western Australia (state)

wakashu, wakashudo:
actors who specialized in adolescent male roles and sometimes female impersonation, often understood to be MSW (17
^th-century Japan)

WHO: World Health Organization

Wolfenden report (UK, 1957): a report to the British government recommending that homosexual behavior should no longer be a criminal offense; decriminalization did not occur until the passage of the Sexual Offences Act in 1967

X: in the rating system established in 1968 by the Motion Picture Association of America, a rating restricting admission to patrons aged 18 and over

xiaohai:
“child”; MSW who predominantly serves male clients (China, modern); also
haizi, zai

xiao laoban:
“small boss”; entrepreneur
or
small businessman (China, modern)

yanda:
“hard strike/stern blow”; harsh media campaign (China, modern)

yazi:
“duck”; MSW (China, modern)

yuan:
Chinese unit of currency

yutao:
“peach remainder”; literary euphemism for male homosexuality (China, historical)

zai:
“boy”; MSW who predominantly serves male clients (China, modern); also
haizi, xiaohai

Zigeuner:
“gypsy” or “Roma” (Germany)

INDEX

Page numbers refer to the print edition but are hyperlinked to the appropriate location in the e-book
.

Note: Information contained in figures and tables are denoted by an italicized
f
and
t
, respectively.