Manufacturing depression (69 page)

Kennedy, Edward,
266

Ketamine,
174
–77

Kinsey, Alfred,
42

Klein, Donald,
243
,
301
,
336

Klerman, Gerald,
192
–93,
298
,
299
,
301
,
304

Kline, Mahlon,
206
–8

Kline, Nathan,
186
–91,
193
–94,
298

Koch, Robert,
52
–53

Kovel, Joel,
121
,
122

Kraepelin, Emil,
60
,
64
–79,
81
,
82
,
104
,
129
,
131
,
199
,
246
,
316
–17

diagnostic scheme of,
64
,
68
–71,
84
,
85
,
90
,
123
,
233
,
239
,
245
,
267
,
343
,
346
,
377
n

Dreyfus and,
76
–79

empathy rejected by,
65
,
103

Kuhn and,
184
–85

Meyer and,
88
,
89
,
95
–98

observational approach of,
69
–70,
240

scientific rhetoric of,
152
,
206
,
224

therapeutic nihilism of,
71
–74,
86
,
96

Krafft-Ebing, Richard von,
133

Kramer, Peter,
7
–8,
20
–21,
23
,
33
–36,
39
,
40
,
231
,
272
,
351
–53,
361
–63

Kravitz, Richard,
278
–81,
350
–51,
354
–55

Kuhn, Roland,
182
–85,
189
,
199
,
233
,
346
,
351

Ladker Award,
193

Laing, R. D.,
237

La Mettrie, Julien Offray de,
66
,
322
,
326
,
330

Larkin, Philip,
106
–8,
110

Lasagna, Louis,
212
,
213
,
216
,
219
,
222

Latinos,
12

Lay analysis,
124
–25,
149
,
238

L-dopa,
194

Leadbelly,
264

Learned helplessness,
116

Lears, Jackson,
100

Leary, Timothy,
165
,
169

Leaves of Grass
(Whitman),
324

Lehrbuch der Psychiatrie
(Kraepelin),
71
,
73
,
76
,
78
,
88
,
377
n

Leo Burnett Company,
273
–74

Lexapro,
355

Librium,
260
,
266

Life Sciences
(journal),
10
,
11

Lilly, Eli,
8

Lincoln, Abraham,
254
,
338

Lind, James,
216
–19,
221

Linkletter, Art,
257

Linnaeus, Carl,
69
–70

Listening to Prozac
(Kramer),
8
–9,
20
,
91
,
351

Lobotomy,
145
,
228

pharmacological,
180

Loewi, Otto,
3
,
4

Louis XVI, King of France,
217

LSD,
5
,
153
,
161
–68,
172
,
173
,
178
,
187
,
257
,
258
,
266
,
381
n

L-tryptophan,
320

Luborsky, Lester,
300

Luther, Martin,
192
n

Lysergic acid diethylamine,
see
LSD

MacCurdy, John,
78
,
99

Macintosh, Charles,
46

Madame X,
178
–79

Magic bullets,
23
,
79
,
212
,
225
,
271
,
318

for depression,
126
,
185
,
269
,
354

Ehrlich’s concept of,
48
,
53
,
59

for psychosis,
181

for syphilis,
58

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),
317
,
329

Magnificent Mind at Any Age
(Amen),
318

Maimonides, Moses,
136

Maine, University of, Darling Marine Laboratory,
1

Major depressive disorder (MDD),
38
,
227
,
244
,
245
,
247
,
267
,
278
,
304

Malaria,
40
,
46
,
47
,
54
,
137
,
179

Manic-depressive illness,
19
,
73
–74,
96
,
139
,
235
,
244
,
259

Manichaeanism,
22
,
118

Mann, Horace,
323

Mao Zedong,
243

Marijuana,
254
,
258
,
266

Marsilid,
see
Iproniazid

Martin, Emily,
262
,
265

Massachusetts General Hospital, Mood Disorders Unit,
40
–43,
82
,
104
–5,
108
,
126
,
133
,
228
,
253
,
321
,
344
,
349

criteria for determination of improvement at,
282
–83

diagnosis of depression at,
38
,
40
,
61
,
76
,
81
,
123
,
251

drugs provided at,
201

randomized clinical trial methodology at,
216

Massachusetts Medical Society,
51

Materialism,
66
–67,
330
,
341
,
357

Mauveine,
47
–48

McCarthy, Joseph,
212

MDMA,
153
–59,
169
–71,
178
,
366
,
367

Meduna, Ladislas von,
139
–42,
144
–46,
175

Melancholia,
187
,
346
–48,
377
n

Freud on,
112
,
114
–15,
119
,
123
,
125
,
288

Hippocrates on,
26
,
73

Kraepelinian view of,
73
,
77
–78,
82

Menninger, Karl,
233
–34,
241

Menninger, William,
233
,
234

Meprobamate,
see
Miltown

Merck & Company, Inc.,
23
,
59
,
261
–62,
264
,
265
,
268
–69

Mercury, medicinal use of,
51
,
54
–56,
137
,
159
–60,
202

Mesmer, Franz Anton,
217

Methylene blue,
179

Methylenedioxymethamphetamine,
see
MDMA

Metrazol,
141
,
144
,
146
,
151
,
175

Meyer, Adolf,
82
–90,
94
–101,
110
,
111
,
134
–36,
199
,
233
,
240
,
242
,
346

Miasma,
51

Miltown,
260
,
261

Minor depressive disorder,
39

Modified Talbott Plan,
243

Mollusks, research on,
1
–5

Monamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs),
194
–95

Monoamines,
194
–95,
198
,
277
,
326

Morgan, Anne,
219
,
333

Morgan, J. P.,
219

Morrison, Kate,
307
–8

Mourning,
108
,
111
–12,
119
,
247
,
249

ritual,
28
,
31

see also
Bereavement; Grief

“Mourning and Melancholia” (Freud),
111
–12,
115
,
118
,
125

Murex bandaris,
43
–44

Murex trunculus,
43
–44

Murphy, Newton,
124

Myth of Mental Illness, The
(Szasz),
237

Mytilus edulis,
2

Naphthalidine,
47

Napoleon III, Emperor of France,
44

National Depressive and Manic-Depressive Association,
273

National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH),
288
,
317

National Institute on Drug Abuse,
266

National Institutes of Health (NIH),
174
,
187
,
194
,
196
,
234
,
255
,
270

Nature
(journal),
326
–27,
329

Nazis,
120
,
121
,
135
,
186

Nervous depression,
93

Neurasthenia,
92
–94,
96
,
263

Neurosis,
121
–23,
150
,
181

depressive,
20
,
183
–84,
233
,
239
,
240
,
242
–44,
259
–61,
302

diagnosis of,
235

electroconvulsive therapy for,
147
–48

eliminated from DSM,
242
–43,
250
,
252
,
344
,
345

Neurotransmitters,
3
–6,
159
,
175
,
177
,
198
–99,
267
,
277

see also specific neurotransmitters

New England Journal of Medicine,
261
,
274
,
327