Mary Tudor (52 page)
6. Loades,
Mary Tudor
, pp. 370-1.
7. TNA SP11/14, no. 1.
8. A. Feuillerat,
Documents Relating to the Office of the Revels in the Reigns of Edward VI and Mary
(1914), p. 335.
9. Ibid., pp. 225-31. For a fuller discussion of this see Loades,
Intrigue and Treason
(2004), p. 225.
10. Machyn,
Diary
, p. 162.
11.
Cal. Ven
., VI (ii), ii May 1557, p. 1,054.
12. Michieli had earlier said that she understood Spanish, but did not speak it. Loades,
Mary Tudor
, p. 225.
13. Loades,
Intrigue and Treason
, pp. 217-18.
14. Ibid., p. 226. Jane appears to have been an ‘innocent’, that is an adult with the mental age of a child. She had been in Mary’s service for many years. John Southworth,
Fools and, Jesters at the English Court
(1998), pp. 100-6.
15. Loades,
Mary Tudor
, pp. 302-3.
16. BL Add. MS 710009.
17. Ibid., f. i5v. Extracts from the document, edited by Fiona Kisby, were published in Ian Archer
et al
. (eds),
Religion, Politics and Society in Sixteenth Century England
, Camden Society (2003), pp. 18-35.
18. Loades,
Intrigue and Treason
, pp. 222-3.
19. BL Add. MS 710009, ff. 31-2.
20. David Loades,
The Tudor Court
(1986), pp. 63-4. William Cecil later made strenuous efforts to stamp out this ‘room service’.
21. TNA E351/1795.
22. On Cornwallis, see R. C. Braddock, ‘The Rewards of Office Holding in Tudor England’,
Journal of British Studies
, 14 (1975) pp. 29-47.
23. Loades,
Mary Tudor
, pp. 370-80.
24. Surian to the doge and senate, 15 January 1558,
Cal. Ven
., VI (ii) p. 1427. Philip to Pole, 21 January,
Cal. Span
., XIII , p. 340.
25. Loades,
Mary Tudor
, p. 302.
26. Ibid., p. 377.
27. TNA SP11/13, nos. 51, 52, 54, 55, etc.
28. Machyn,
Diary
, pp. 161-2. Sir Edward Hastings (master of the horse) became lord chamberlain, Sir Thomas Cornwallis controller, Sir Henry Jerningham master of the horse, and Sir Henry Bedingfield vice chamberlain and captain of the guard.
12 Elizabeth the Heir
1.
Cal. Span
., XIII, 398. Loades,
Reign of Mary
, p. 333.
2. Feria to Philip, I May 1558.
Cal. Span
., XIII, 378-80.
3. Notes in Renard’s hand for a letter to Philip (it is not certain that it was ever sent), dated in the
Calendar
‘March ? 1558’, but apparently written before the author knew of Thomas Stafford’s execution on 28 May 1557.
Cal. Span
., XIII, 272-3.
4. Loades,
Mary Tudor
, p. 303.
5. BL Cotton MS Titus B.II, f. 109. Strype,
Ecclesiastical Memorials
, III, ii, p. 418.
6. Feria to Philip, 23 June 1558.
Cal. Span
., XIII, 399-400.
7. Machyn,
Diary
, pp. 166-7.
8. T. Glasgow, ‘The Navy in the French Wars of Mary and Elizabeth, 1557–59’,
Mariners Mirror
, 53 (1967), pp. 321-42; 54 (1968), pp. 23-37.
9. Rodriguez Salgado,
The Changing Face of Empire
, pp. 306-7.
10. Extracts from
A Journal of the Travels of Philip II
by Jean Vandenesse, printed as an appendix to
Cal. Span
., XIII.
11. Loades,
Mary Tudor
, pp. 380-3.
12. ‘The Count of Feria’s Despatch to Philip II of 14 November 1558’, ed. M. J. Rodriguez Salgado and Simon Adams,
Camden Miscellany
, XXVIII (1984) pp. 319/28.
13.
An epitaphe upon the death of Quene Marie
, Society of Antiquaries, Broadsheet 46. Foxe,
Acts and Monuments
, p. 2,098.
14. ‘Feria’s despatch’, pp. 320/29.
15. Philip to the princess dowager of Portugal, 4 December 1558.
Cal. Span
., XIII, 440. The letter was written in haste, and mainly about other matters.
16. Rodriguez Salgado,
The Changing Face of Empire
, pp. 166-7.
17. Ibid.
18. ‘Feria’s despatch’, pp. 320 /29 and note.
19. Ibid., pp. 25/35. Paget had refused to see Feria privately.
20. In fact Elizabeth had no particular animus against Boxall, who was a relative nonentity. He was a clerical pluralist on a grand scale, but of the second rank, being warden of New College, Winchester, Archdeacon of Ely and Dean of Peterborough. He became a principal secretary in December 1556.
21. Her story was written down by her servant, Henry Clifford, appearing in 1887 as
The Life of Jane Dormer
(cited above).
22.
Cal. Ven
., VII, p. 93. Rowley Williams, ‘Image and Reality’, p. 237.
23. Feria to Philip, 21 November 1558.
Cal. Span
.,
Elizabeth
, I, pp. 1-4.
24. TNA SP12/1, no. 57.
25. Strype,
Ecclesiastical Memorials
, III, pp. 536-50.
26. Loades,
Intrigue and Treason
, pp. 250-5.
27. Rowley Williams, ‘Image and Reality’, p. 243.
28. Machyn,
Diary
, p. 178. For a discussion of Machyn’s attitude to Elizabeth (and other things), see Gary G. Gibbs, ‘Marking the Days: Henry Machyn’s Manuscript and the Mid-Tudor Era’, in Duffy and Loades,
The Church of Mary Tudor
, pp. 281-308.
29.
A Speciall grace, appointed to have been said after a banket at Yorke … in November 1558
(RSTC 7599). BL MS Royal 17. C. III.
30. Ibid.
31. Machyn,
Diary
, p. 180.
32. These sermons were not officially encouraged, and were banned by proclamation, but not until 27 December. Hughes and Larkin,
Tudor Royal Proclamations
, II, pp. 102-3.
33.
Intrigue and Treason
, p. 271. Machyn,
Diary
, p. 180.
34. TNA SP12/1, no. 7. L. S. Marcus, Janel Mueller and M. B. Rose,
Elizabeth I. Collected Works
(2000), p. 51.
35. Ibid., pp. 135-50. W. P. Haugaard, ‘Elizabeth Tudor’s Book of Devotions: A Neglected Clue to the Queen’s Life and Character’,
Sixteenth Century Journal
, 12 (1981), pp. 79- 105.
13 The England of the Two Queens
1.
The Passage of our most dread Sovereign Lady, Queen Elizabeth, through the City of London
… (1559), in A. F Pollard,
Tudor Tracts
, pp. 367-95.
2. Ibid., p. 387.
3. Perhaps suspecting her intention, none of the senior bishops of the Church would agree to crown her. It was left to the relatively junior Owen Oglethorpe of Carlisle to perform the ceremony. D. E. Hoak, ‘The Coronations of Edward VI, Mary I and Elizabeth I, and the Transformation of Tudor Monarchy’, in C. S. Knighton and Richard Mortimer (eds),
Westminster Abbey Reformed
(2003), pp. 114-51.
4.
Proceedings in the Parliaments of Elizabeth I: 1558–1581
, ed. T. E. Hartley (1981), pp. 12-17.
5. D. Wilkins,
Concilia Magnae Brittaniae et Hiberniae
(1737), IV, p. 179; translated in Philip Hughes,
Rome and the Counter-Reformation in England
(1942), pp. 138-9.
6. J. Strype,
Annals of the Reformation
(1725), I, pp. 73-81.
7.
Handbook of British Chronology
, pp. 227-83. Loades,
Elizabeth I
, p. 137 and note.
8. Lucy Wooding, ‘The Marian Restoration and the Mass’, in Duffy and Loades,
The Church of Mary Tudor
, pp. 227-57.
9. This friction had culminated in the so-called ‘Reneger incident’ in 1545 when Robert Reneger of Southampton became so exasperated by the attitude of the authorities at San Lucar that he seized an incoming Indiaman worth many thousands of ducats, for which he was mildly reprimanded by the council. G. Connell Smith,
The Forerunners of Drake
(1954) p. 141. TNA SPI/200, ff. 95-6.
10. Elizabeth Russell, ‘Mary Tudor and Mr Jorkins’,
Historical Research
, 63 (1990), pp. 263-76.
11. Christopher Goodman,
How Superior Powers ought to he Obeyed
(1558). John Ponet,
A Short Treatise of Politic Power
(1556). For a brief consideration of these views, see J. W. Allen,
A History of Political Thought in the Sixteenth Century
(1928), pp. 116-24.
12. Loades, Mary Tudor, pp. 315-45.
13. Wallace MacCaffrey,
The Shaping of the Elizabethan Regime, 1558–1572
(1968).
14. John Bradford, in his
Copy of a Letter
, pointed out that Henry’s will had settled the succession on Mary on the condition that she married with the consent of the council. The council did consent – but after the event.
15. Loades, ‘The Personal Religion of Mary I’, in Duffy and Loades,
The Church of Mary Tudor
, pp. 1-32.
16. Richards, ‘Mary Tudor as “Sole Quene”’.
17. Juan Rafael de la Cuandra Blanco, ‘King Philip of Spain as Soloman the Second’, in de Groot,
The Seventh Window
, pp. 169-80. Pole had also compared Philip to Solomon in his rebuilding of the temple of the Church in England – a task that had been denied to ‘David’ (Charles V).
18. This was the law, the origin of which was attributed to the Salian Franks, that forbade any woman to inherit the throne of France, or to transmit such a claim.
19. Statute 1 Mary, sess. 3, c. 1. See above.
20. Proclamation of 6 June 1558. Hughes and Larkin,
Tudor Royal Proclamations
, II, p. 90. There is no evidence of it being invoked.
21. P. S. Boscher, ‘Politics, Administration and Diplomacy: The Anglo-Scottish Border 1550–1560’ (University of Durham PhD, 1985).
22. TNA E351 /2195-8.
23. Loades,
Reign of Mary
, pp. 348-51.
24. Claire Cross, ‘The English Universities, 1553–58’, in Duffy and Loades,
The Church of Mary Tudor
, pp. 57-76.
25. John Edwards, ‘Spanish Religious Influence in Marian England’, in ibid., pp. 201-26.
Manuscripts
The National Archives
E351/1795
KB8/37
KB29/161
LC9/52
SP½00
SP10/1
SP11/3, /4, /7, /13, /14, /57
SP12/1
SP69/10
The British Library
Add. 48126, 710009
Arundel 151
Cotton Galba B.VII
Cotton Otho C.X
Cotton Titus B.II
Cotton Vespasian C.XIV
Harley 787, 3504, 6807