Muslim Fortresses in the Levant: Between Crusaders and Mongols (144 page)

89
,
Wafayāt
, vol. 10, 341.

90 Maqrīzī’s account is an almost exact copy of that given by Ibn al-Furāt who probably copied his directly from Ibn
, 280–1; Ibn al-Furāt,
Ta’rīkh
(Lyons), vol. 2, 92–5; Maqrīzī,
Sulūk,
vol. 1, pt. 2, 562–3.

91 Tracy, J. D., “To wall or not to wall: evidence from medieval Germany,” in
City Walls: The Urban Enceinte in Global Perspective
, ed. J. D. Tracy (Cambridge, 2000), 71–88, table 3.5, p. 84.

92 Benvenisti,
Crusaders
, 202. Prawer does not rule out the possibility that it may have been built in 1142. Prawer, J.,
The Crusaders: A Colonial Societ
, 2nd edn (Jerusalem, 1985), 366. [Hebrew].

93 Runciman, S.,
A History of the Crusades: The Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Frankish East 1100–1187
(London, 1994), vol. 2, 306.

94 Runciman,
Crusades,
382.

95 Ibn Shaddād,
vol. 2, pt. 2, 147; Ibn al-Furāt,
Ta’rīkh
(Lyons), vol. 2, 88.

96 Ibn al-Athīr,
,
Al-Kāmil fī al-Ta’rīkh,
ed. C. J. Tornberg (Beirut, 1966), vol. 12, 87.

97 Mayer, H. E., “Two unpublished letters on the Syrian earthquake of 1202,” in
Medieval and Middle Eastern Studies in Honor of Aziz Suryal Atiya
, ed. S. A. Hanna (Leiden, 1972), 295–310; Ellenblum, R., Marco, S., Agnon, A., Rockwell, T. and Boas, A., “Crusader castle torn apart by earthquake at dawn, 20 May 1202,”
Geology
26 (1998): 303–96.

98 Ibn Shaddād,
, vol. 2, pt. 2, 147; Ibn Shaddād,
Ta’rīkh
, 353.

99 Prawer,
Crusaders
, 149; Runciman,
Crusades
, 183; Humphreys,
Saladin
, 266–67.

100 Kennedy,
Castles
, 195; Ellenblum,
Modern Histories
, 246–255.

101 Ibn
, 265; Kennedy,
Castles
, 128.

102 Ibn Shaddād,
, vol. 2, pt. 2, 149; Baybars
,
Kitāb
al-mulūkiyya fī l’dawla al-turkiyya
, ed. A. R. S. Hamdān (Cairo, 1987), 57; Ibn al-Furāt,
Ta’rīkh
(Lyons), vol. 2, 95; Ibn
gives a different account, see
, 260–1.

103 Ibn
, 281, 285; Ibn al-Furāt,
Ta’rīkh
(Lyons), vol. 2, 101–2.