Oral Literature in Africa (93 page)

Nilyamba,
64

Njururi, N.,
350
,
xxxvii

Nketia, J. H. K.,
xxxv
,
79
,
104
,
105
,
212
,
213
,
216
,
217
,
218
,
274
,
336
,
379
,
391
,
458
,
471
,
474
,
475
,
478
,
479
,
482
,
483

on Akan dirges,
24
,
79
,
103
,
145
,
146
,
151
-
155
,
157
,
158
-
159
,
161
-
162

on form and style in lyrics,
159
,
160
,
211
,
238
,
240
,
241
,
253
,
254
,
255
,
256
,
257
-
258

Nkrumah,
275

Nkumbula,
286

Nkundo,
75
,
359
,
379
,
455

North Africa,
54
,
59

North-East Africa,
79
,
252

North-West Africa,
205

Northern Rhodesia.
See
Zambia

Norton, W. A.,
125

noun classes.
See
class system

noun formation in Bantu languages,
59
,
61
,
63
,
65

in praise names,
68

Nsimbi, B.,
458

Ntumu,
531

Nubians,
74

Nuer,
105
,
301
,
400
,
424

Nupe,
119
,
120

Nurse, G.,
288

nursery rhymes,
294
,
295
.
See also
children’s poetry

Nyanja,
244
,
380
,
381
,
387
,
393
,
395
,
398
,
401
,
404
,
414
,
423
,
424
,
425
,
426

Nyasaland.
See
Malawi

nyatiti,
100

Nyembezi, C. L. S.
141
,
383
,
385
,
387
,
388
,
394
,
402
,
404
,
407

Nyerere,
172

Nyika,
119
,
372

Nyoro,
292
,
456
,
458

Nzakara,
94

oaths,
443
,
451
,
86

Obatala,
195
,
220

occasions

significance of in oral literature,
14
,
362

for Akan dirges,
161
-
162

for Dogon praise names,
457
,
461
,
462

for elegies,
146
,
149
,
161

as factor in classical ‘myths’,
355

for hunting songs,
216
,
217
,
218

of oratory,
432
,
437
,
439
,
440
,
441

for praise poetry,
118
,
119
,
135
,
136
,
137
,
138

for proverbs,
384
,
395
-
397
,
400
-
401
,
402
,
403
,
404

for riddles,
384
,
425
,
426
,
427
,
428

in special purpose poetry,
205

of story-telling,
362
,
363
,
364
,
365

for war songs,
202
,
203
,
204
,
205
,
206
,
207
,
209

of work songs,
224
,
225
,
226
,
234

Odu
Ifa.
See
Ifa literature

Oduduwa,
359

ogres in stories,
345

Ogumefu,
358

Ogun,
13
,
112
-
114
,
206

Ogunba, O.,
276
,
500

oigo,
249
-
252

Ojea,
147
-
148

Okot, J.
149
,
272

Okpewho, I.,
xxxii

Omijeh, E. A.,
xxix
,
457
,
458

onomatopoeia,
294
,
373
-
374
,
416
,
417

Opie, I. and P.,
295
,
304

oracular poetry.
See
Religious poetry,

oral literature

concept and nature of,
xxx
,
xxxiv
,
xxxix
,
3
-
4
,
504
-
505
,
506

difficulty of distinguishing from non-literary speech forms,
17
,
26
-
27

interplay between written and oral forms,
18
,
20
,
21
-
22
,
60

not rigidly distinguishable from written literature,
24
-
26
,
202
,
464

should it be classified as literature?,
17
-
18
,
25
,
27
,
33
,
49

oral tradition,
30
,
58

oral transmission of written forms,
12
,
20
-
21
,
53
,
55
,
370
-
371

oratory

proverbs in,
381
,
395
,
432
,
433
,
438
,
441

relative neglect of in study of oral literature,
432
.
See also
Speeches

originality.
See
Individual originality

oriki
,
112
,
460
,
482

Orwin, M.,
xxx
,
xxxi

Osadebay, D. C,
148
,
236
,
482

Ovimbundu,
381
,
390
,
457
,
459
,
463

Owuor, H. (alias Anyumba),
98
,
100
-
101
,
107
,
250
,
251

Paden, J.,
53
,
167

Pageard, R.,
489

Pahouin-Bantu,
110

Palmer, E.,
523

panegyric.
See
Praise poetry

Papadopoullos, T.,
108

Pâques, V.,
116

parable,
320
,
380
,
405

parallelism

in Ambo hunting songs,
222

in Bantu languages,
69
,
72
,
75

in Bushman hymns,
178

in children’s songs,
298

cross-parallelism (chiasmus),
69
,
130
,
389
,
408

in curses,
444

in prayers,
447

in proverbs,
391

in Southern Bantu panegyric,
75
,
128
,
130

tonal parallelism,
72

Paredes, A.,
xxvii

parody,
238
,
496

Parrinder, E. G.,
197

pastoral poetry,
122
.
See also
Cattle

Patterson, J. R.,
120

Paulay, G.,
223

Paulme, D.,
382
,
457
,
461
,
462

Pedi,
524

Peek, P.,
xxx

Pemba,
95

performance

in Akan dirges,
103
,
151
,
160
,
162

connection with composition,
100
,
106
,
107
,
311

in curses,
444

in drama, Ch. 18,
486
,
489
,
490
-
491
,
499

implications for study of oral literature,
xxxiii
,
362
,
370
,
454

in praise poetry,
6
,
136
-
138

in prayers,
446

in proverbs,
382
,
383
,
388
,
391
,
392

significance of in oral literature,
4
,
5
,
7
,
355
,
362

in speeches,
431
-
432
,
434
,
441
-
442

in story-telling,
7
,
311
,
313
,
319
,
333
,
346
,
363
,
370
,
371
,
373
,
487

in Swahili
tenzi,
169
,
170
,
172

personification,
64

Peul.
See
Fulani

Pfeffer, G.,
167

Phillips, H. R.,
272

Pilaszewicz, S.,
xxxi

Plass, W.,
382

Plato,
14

Poet Awona, S.,
110

poet

of elegiac poetry,
145
,
146
,
147
,
149
,
152
,
155
,
161
,
162
,
163

fear of,
95
-
96
,
97
,
98
,
118

ignorance of or misconceptions about position of poet,
48
,
83
-
84

of
ijala,
218

of mantic poetry,
183

non-specialist poets,
99

and patronage, Ch. 4,
84
,
88
,
95
,
101
,
102
,
103
,
118

position of poet,
83
,
89
,
91
,
101
,
105
,
108
,
120

of praise poetry,
90
-
91

religious poets,
91
,
105
,
187

wandering poets,
84
,
93
-
95
,
96
-
97
,
98
-
99

effect of on cultural uniformity,
98
-
99

See also
composition; court poets; professional poets

Poetry, Part II

difficulty of distinguishing from prose,
xxxii
,
76
-
77
,
78

more highly valued than prose,
79
,
307

music in,
5
-
7
,
12
,
13
,
20
-
21
,
24
,
26
,
44
,
71
,
72
,
75
,
76
-
77
, Part II

poetic forms among Akan, Yoruba,
9
,
71

and patronage, Ch. 4,
84
,
88
,
95
,
101
,
102
,
103
,
118

relative neglect of in study of oral literature,
77

as specialist art,
23
,
84

tone in,
6
,
46
,
70
-
73
,
75
,
77
. S
ee also
Tone, children’s songs, elegiac poetry, hunting poetry, lyric, military poetry, political poetry, praise poetry, religious poetry, topical literature, work songs

poets, wandering,
84
,
93
-
95
,
96
-
97
,
98
-
99

political poetry

in elections,
57
,
281
-
282
,
285
,
287

in Guinea,
281

Mau Mau hymns,
181
,
275
,
277
-
278
,
280
-
281

associated with political parties,
274
,
275
,
276
,
281
,
285
,
286
,
287
,
289

in Zambia,
285
-
286

political songs,
49
,
266
,
270
,
274
,
276
-
277
,
281
-
283
,
284
,
288

Polynesia, Polynesian,
364
,
379

Posselt, F.,
345

possession songs. See Religious poetry, Mantic

praise names,
111
,
118
,
459
-
460
,
461
,
462

in Akan dirges,
148
,
152
-
153
,
457

in Bantu languages,
68
,
70
,
118
,
130

in hunting poetry,
111
,
217
,
218

inmilitary poetry,
114
,
207
,
213

in riddles,
418