Our One Common Country (49 page)

65.
Adams's poem: The poem is in Von Abele, p. 103.

65.
“extending to my head”:
Stephens,
CV,
vol. 2, p. 277.

65.
Speech to the Georgia legislature:
Id.,
pp. 278–307; Cleveland, pp. 694–713.

65.
Correspondence with Lincoln: The correspondence is in Stephens,
CV,
vol. 2, pp. 265–71 and in Cleveland, between pp. 150 and 151.

65.
Selection as vice president: Schott, pp. 327–29; Rabun, p. 291.

65.
“accused him of looking back”:
Chesnut, p. 49.

65.
“never believed in this thing”:
Mary Chesnut and C. Vann Woodward, ed.,
Mary Chesnut's Civil War
(New Haven: Yale University Press, 1981), p. 520.

65.
Stephens on secession: Stephens,
CV,
vol. 2, pp. 425–27; Rabun, p. 301.

66.
“how I came to make the mistake”:
Schott, p. 355.

66.
“the little pale star”:
Benjamin Perley Poore, “Reminiscences of Washington,” 46
Atlantic Monthly
(December 1880), p. 805.

66.
adjudge him an imbecile, and . . . a despot: OR
ser. 4, vol. 3, pp. 278–82; Hendrick,
Statesmen of the Lost Cause,
p. 418.

66.
Davis was a nationalist:
See, e.g., Stephens,
CV,
vol. 2, pp. 568–75; Dirck, pp. 85–87; Rable, pp. 166–67.

66.
Davis's relationship with Stephens: Schott, pp. 330–31, 346–47, 357, 392, 397, 418, and 448; Rable, pp. 165–67, 251, and 256–61; Dirck, pp. 222–24; Rabun,
passim.

66.
Speech to the Georgia legislature: The speech is presented in full in Cleveland, pp. 761–86.

66.
The
Southern Recorder
inquired:
Schott, p. 411.

67.
“children in politics and statesmanship”:
Hendrick,
Statesmen of the Lost Cause,
p. 419; Rable, pp. 166–67.

67.
Davis offered to resign:
Rowland, vol. 8, p. 213.

67.
visiting Richmond only briefly:
Hendrick,
Statesmen of the Lost Cause,
p. 416.

67.
“as simple and genial in his manners as a child”:
Quoted in Cleveland, p. 34.

67.
paid for the educations:
Von Abele, p. 324.

67.
“I ever afterward assisted”:
Avary,
Recollections,
pp. 226–27.

67.
Liberty Hall: Von Abele, engraving between pp. 112 and 113.

67.
Liberty Hall's mealtimes: Id.,
p. 43; Von Abele, p. 324;
New York Herald,
September 26, 1860, cited in Cleveland, p. 27.

67.
“He is kind to folks”:
Avary,
Recollections,
p. 42.

67.
Slaves at Liberty Hall:
Id.,
p. 87.

67.
“free will and consent”: Id.,
p. 208.

67.
Stephens's land and slaves: Schott, p. 45.

68.
did odd jobs and played:
Avary,
Recollections,
p. 87; Schott, pp. 65 and 175.

68.
“got in trouble with a white woman”: Id.,
p. 65.

68.
Harry and Eliza's wedding: Avary,
Recollections,
p. 87.

68.
“subordination of the inferior African race”: Id.,
p. 173.

68.
“The Cornerstone Speech”:
The speech is presented, with Stephens's edits, in Cleveland, pp. 717–79; Avary,
Recollections,
pp. 173–74. See also Cleveland, pp. 168 and 717; Schott, pp. 334–35.

69.
Stephens's trip to Fort Monroe in 1863:
OR,
ser. 2, vol. 6, pp. 74–76, 79–80, 84, and 94–95; Stephens,
CV
, vol. 2, pp. 538 and 558–68; Welles Diary, vol. 1, pp. 358–60; Cleveland, p. 170–71, 180; Kirkland, pp. 210–12.

69.
“psalms to a dead horse”:
Cleveland, p. 180.

69.
Stephens's communications with Sherman:
Id.,
pp. 196–97.

 

CHAPTER 10

72.
General Gorgas: “A Sketch of the Life of General Gorgas, Chief of Ordnance of the Confederate States,” 13
Southern Historical Society Papers
(1885), pp. 216–28; see also Wiggins, pp. xxxiii–xxxix.

72.
Party at Judge Campbell's: Josiah Gorgas and Frank E Vandiver, ed.,
The Civil War Diary of General Josiah Gorgas
(Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1947) (“Gorgas”).

72.
“the striking girl in pink”:
Wise, p. 403.

72.
“Is the cause really hopeless?”:
Gorgas, p. 164.

72.
Campbell's report to Seddon: Kean, p. 189.

72.
Seddon said he had none: Id
.,
p. 187.

73.
roll call vote was required:
Grimsley and Simpson, p. 136.

73.
Alec Stephens had returned:
Johnston and Browne, p. 475.

73.
“walked with bent heads”:
Pollard, p. 393.

73.
Stephens's secret speech: Stephens,
CV
, vol. 2, pp. 587–89; Nicolay and Hay, vol. 10, p. 109; Stephens to Linton Stephens, February 18, 1865, Manhattanville Library.

73.
Hunter in Campbell's office: Jones, vol. 2, p. 379.

73.
talk of Davis and Stephens both resigning:
Kean, p. 185.

73.
“In a letter from Georgia”:
Crist, vol. 11, p. 293.

74.
Singleton's pass:
CW,
vol. 8, p. 200.

74.
six hundred bales of cotton:
Crist, vol. 11, p. 480 n. 10; Browning Diary, vol. 1, p. 693 n. 3 and 699, vol. 2, pp. 1–2; Johnson, “Mission,” p. 96; Flood, p. 413.

74.
Singleton and Lincoln's instructions to him: Duff Green,
Facts and Suggestions, Biographical, Historical, Financial, and Political
(New York: C. S. Wescott & CC's Union Printing Office, 1866) (“Duff Green”), p. 232; Randall and Current, pp. 330–31; Grimsley and Simpson, pp. 82–83.

74.
Lizzie's letter to Phil:
Elizabeth Blair Lee,
pp. 460–61 n. 1.

74.
something wicked this way comes
:
Richmond Examiner,
January 6, 1865, reprinted in
New York Times
, January 11, 1865.

75.
“richly deserve hanging”: Richmond Whig,
January 6, 1865, reprinted in
New York Times,
January 11, 1865.

75.
“We will stand on our guard”: Richmond Sentinel,
reprinted in
New York Times,
January 11, 1865.

75.
“a respectable demagogue”: Executive Documents of the House of Representatives 1871
–
72, Special Report on the Customs-Tariff Legislation
(Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1872), p. 135.

75.
Cox's speech:
Congressional Globe,
January 12, 1865, p. 242.

75.
a hard rain fell on Blair House:
Elizabeth Blair Lee,
p. 460.

75.
Blair departs on the
Don:
New York Times,
January 9, 1865; Crist, vol. 11, p. 320 n. 3;
Richmond Dispatch,
reprinted in
New York Times,
January 16, 1865; Grant Papers, vol. 13, p. 210.

76.
Blair shared his plan with Grant: Bigelow, vol. 4, p. 51; Stephens,
CV,
vol. 2, pp. 597–98; Westwood,
Hampton Roads Conference,
p. 248. See Lathrop, p. 640, third footnote.

76.
seventy-five presidents:
Hendrick,
Statesmen of the Lost Cause,
p. 108.

76.
Mexico's situation:
Id.,
pp. 106–38, and Van Deusen, pp. 366–69 and 486–97.

76.
Seward had a dream: Id.,
pp. 487–88.

76.
Austrians in Mexico: Stahr, p. 440.

76.
Grant's conscience:
Bruce Catton,
Grant Takes Command
(Boston: Little, Brown, 1969), p. 489.

76.
Grant's conversation with Seward on Mexico: Porter,
Grant
, p. 256. See Hay Diary, p. 211, and Stahr, p. 441.

77.
Pickets in view of each other:
35th Massachusetts,
p. 319.

77.
“black-mouthed bulldogs”: San Francisco Bulletin,
February 14, 1865.

77.
clear and pleasant weather:
Jones, vol. 2, p. 382.

77.
Blair's trip to Richmond:
New York Times,
January 19, 1865;
New York Times,
January 21, 1865.

77.
Blair and Henry wait to be cleared: Crist, vol. 11, p. 318.

77.
goodwill was exhibited all around:
Blair manuscript, Lincoln Papers, Library of Congress, reproduced in Crist, vol. 11, p. 318;
Richmond
Dispatch,
January 13, 1865, reprinted in
New York Times,
January 16, 1865.

78.
Stephens on Blair's visit: Stephens,
CV,
vol. 2, p. 590.

78.
General Lee made a public plea:
Gorgas, p. 148.

78.
Blair “fared sumptuously”:
Elizabeth Blair Lee,
p. 463.

78.
guest of Robert Ould:
Jones, vol. 2, p. 386;
New York Daily Tribune,
January 16, 1865, quoting
Richmond Dispatch,
January 13, 1865;
New York Tribune,
January 17, 1865, quoting
Richmond Dispatch,
January 14, 1865.

78.
Ould brought Yankee delicacies back: Bill, p. 213.

78.
Ould's appearance: Francis T. Miller, ed.,
The Photographic History of the Civil War
(New York: Review of Reviews Co., 1911), vol. 7, p. 101.

78.
Ould a friend of Frank Jr.'s:
Elizabeth Blair Lee,
p. 463.

78.
Ould as Washington DA: Jon L. Wakelyn,
Biographical Directory of the Confederacy
(Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1977) (“Wakelyn”), p. 336.

78.
Blair's conversation with Ould: Rowland, vol. 8, p. 601.

78.
Henry Foote: Rowland, vol. 7, p. 395 n. 1; Smith,
Blair Family,
p. 313; Wilfred B. Yearns Jr., “The Peace Movement in the Confederate Congress,” 41
The Georgia
Historical Society Quarterly
(March 1957) (“Yearns, Peace Movement”), p. 18; James P. Coleman, “Two Irascible Antebellum Senators: George Poindexter and Henry S. Foote,” 46
Journal of Mississippi History
(February 1984), pp. 17–27; John Edward Gonzales, “Henry Stuart Foote: Confederate Congressman and Exile,” 11
Civil War History
(December 1965), pp. 384–95; Dirck, p. 62. See also
New York Daily Tribune
, January 14 and January 24, 1865, and Foote's telling of his own story in Foote,
War of the Rebellion;
and
Casket of Reminiscences
(Washington, DC: Chronicle Publishing Company, 1874) (“Foote,
Casket of Reminiscences
”).

79.
Peace resolutions: Charles W. Sanders Jr., “Jefferson Davis and the Hampton Roads Peace Conference: ‘To Secure Peace to the Two Countries,' ” 63
The Journal of Southern History
(November 1997) (“Sanders”), p. 808; Yearns, “Peace Movement,” pp. 14–15; Kirkland, pp. 218–20; Rable, pp. 280–81.

79.
Campbell blames Blair's arrival for killing his overture to Nelson: Campbell, “Open Letters,” p. 951.

79.
nothing could be done until the scheme was tried:
Connor, pp. 163–64. See Westwood,
Hampton Roads Conference
, p. 248, on the likelihood that Lincoln was informed about Campbell's letter.

 

CHAPTER 11

80.
Confederate White House:
Furgurson, pp. 87–88 and map after p. xi; Varina Davis, vol. 2, pp. 198–201.

80.
The Davises greet Blair:
Elizabeth Blair Lee,
p. 463; Jones, vol. 2, pp. 383 and 400.

80.
“emaciated and altered as not to be recognized”:
Edward L. Pierce,
Memoirs and Letters of Charles Sumner,
4 vols. (Boston: Roberts Brothers, 1893) (“Pierce”), vol. 4, p. 205.

80.
“noticed every shade of expression”:
Varina Davis, vol. 2, p. 920.

80–86.
Blair's meeting with Davis: Less than a week after his January 12 meeting with Davis, Blair preserved his memory of it in a memorandum dictated to Montgomery (Crist, vol. 11, p. 319). Nicolay and Hay published it in “Abraham Lincoln: A History,” 38
The Century
Magazine (October 1889), pp. 838–57, with the memorandum that Blair read to Davis. Both are in Nicolay and Hay, vol. 10, pp. 97–106, with some omissions. Blair's memorandum of the conversation, showing his edits, is in Crist, vol. 11, pp. 315–19. The originals are in the Blair Family Papers in the Library of Congress. Blair's memories of the conversation are further preserved in Lathrop, pp. 640–41, and Bigelow, vol. 4, pp. 50–51. Blair added details in a February 8, 1865, letter to Lincoln, in the Blair Family Papers in the Library of Congress, described by Westwood in “Hampton Roads Conference,” p. 254, n. 20. In
Rise and Fall,
pp. 612–16, Davis included his “two countries” letter to Blair, recounted their conversation, and added his lightly edited memorandum of it. The salient parts of the unedited original are in Crist, vol. 11, pp. 323–25. Some of what Davis told Stephens about the conversation is in Johnston and Browne, p. 484; Stephens,
CV,
vol. 2, pp. 591–92; and Crist, vol. 11, p. 322 n. 21. The Richmond press had speculated that Davis was discussing a colonial relationship with England and France. (See William A. Graham, Max R. Williams, ed.,
The Papers of William Alexander Graham,
8 vols. [Raleigh, NC: State Department of Archives and History, 1976] [“Graham”], vol. 6, p. 225).