The Age of Atheists: How We Have Sought to Live Since the Death of God (84 page)

and “psychological turn” in America,
362

and reality,
285

and reason,
189

and religion,
85
,
86
–87,
88
,
277
–83,
285
,
290
,
291
,
292

Ricoeur’s views about,
292

Rogers compared with,
363

and science,
281
,
540
–41

and secularism,
87

and security,
87
,
434

self-creation and,
39

sex and,
85
,
284
,
288
,
290
,
292
,
356

and sin,
85

and society,
85
,
281
,
285

and soul,
279
–80

spiritualists and,
280

Spock’s work and,
356
–58

Strindberg and,
97
,
99

and suffering,
279
,
284

synthesis of,
159

and technology,
284

and therapy,
439

and transcendence,
88

and truth,
280
,
281

and unconscious,
65
,
76
,
84
,
85
,
88
,
110
,
285
,
290

US visit of,
84

and values,
284

World War I and,
190

See also
specific topic

Freud, Sigmund—works by:

Civilization and Its Discontents,
279,
282
–83,
285

on da Vinci,
86

Das Unglück in der Kultur (Unhappiness in Civilization),
282

The Future of an Illusion,
279–80,
281
,
282

“Future Prospects of Psychoanalytic Therapy,” 86

The Interpretation of Dreams,
59,
84

Moses and Monotheism,
279,
285

“Obsessive Actions and Religious Practices,” 85,
279

Totem and Taboo,
85,
87
,
88
,
279
,
286

Woolf publication of,
257
,
263

Friedan, Betty,
368

friendship,
82
,
195
,
226
,
263
,
296
,
308
,
390
,
427
,
520
,
524
,
538

Frisch, Max,
2
–3

Fromm, Erich,
290
,
358
–59

fulfillment,
362
,
380
–81,
431
,
443
,
444
,
461
,
534
.
See also
specific person’s views

fundamentalism, religious,
14
,
473
,
512
,
514
,
536

Furedi, Frank,
443
–47

Fussell, Paul,
195
–97,
254

future,
61
,
62
,
63
,
64
,
66
,
104
,
108
–9,
209
,
225
,
251
,
451
,
452
.
See also
Futurists

Futurist Manifesto of Lust
(Saint-Point),
47

Futurist Manifesto
(Marinetti, 1909),
117
,
189

Futurists,
117
–18,
124
,
189
,
206
,
210
,
214

Gadamer, Hans-Georg,
503
–5

Gaia theory,
486
–87

Garrison, Jim,
380
,
381
,
383
,
409

Gay, Peter,
88
,
278

Gellner, Ernest,
444

genetics,
488
,
535
,
545

George, Stefan,
147
,
150
–60,
162
,
189
,
191
–92,
227
,
540
,
542
,
543

George, Stefan—works by:

Der Stern des Bundes,
189

Hymns,
152

Pilgrimages,
152

The Poet as Leader in the Age of German Classicism,
160

The Seventh Ring,
156

The Star of the Covenant,
152,
159

The Tapestry of Life,
154–55

The Year of the Soul,
152,
153

German Expressionism,
35
,
49
–50,
398

German Faith Movement,
322
–23

Germany:

army in,
314

education in,
314
,
324

evangelical churches in,
313
,
322

holidays in,
314
,
325

national church in,
311

nationalism in,
322
,
324

Nietzsche’s fame and,
33
,
34

theological renaissance in,
311
–13

as welfare state,
333

World War I and,
192

World War II and,
332

youth in,
43
,
51
,
321

See also
Nazis;
specific person’s views

Geroulanos, Stefanos,
337
–38

Gide, André,
38
,
71
,
73
,
127
–31,
160
,
265
,
340
,
346
,
347
,
536
,
538

Gifford Lectures,
27
,
57
, 57–58n,
59
,
305

Ginsberg, Allen,
394
,
403
,
404
,
417

globalization,
28
,
536
,
546

God:

absence of,
375

anthropology and,
337

apocalyptic fulfillment and,
381

as archetype,
288
–89,
290
,
380

attributes of,
277
,
295

change in ideas about,
535
–36

characteristics of,
518

cosmologists and,
490
–92

counterculture and,
418
,
419
–20

decline in belief in,
23
–24

definition of,
420
,
536
n,
555
–56

drugs and,
419
–20,
441

evolution and,
471
,
472

existence of,
276
–77,
535

existentialism and,
336
,
337

fear of,
516

as “Ground of Being,” 385,
420

as hidden,
375

Hitler as messenger of,
375

Holocaust impact on belief in,
372

how to live without,
547
–49

as human creation,
385
–86

humans as partners with,
355

as imagination,
248

as irrelevant,
382

Jewish views about,
373
,
375
,
376
,
377
,
378
–80,
519

knowability of,
313

limits of,
355
,
518
–19

Marxism and,
201

minimalism and,
393

money as replacing,
238
–43

morality and,
548

as mother,
376

as mystery,
376

Nazis and,
322

New Age and,
500

“oneness” with,
419

otherness of,
58
n,
312
,
382
,
535
,
555

pastoral counseling and,
361
,
362

philosophers’ views about,
295

poetry and,
146
,
244

post-Holocaust believers in,
372
–73

privatization of relationship with,
513
–14

God (
continued
)

rational search for,
58
n

redefinition of,
376
,
380
–81

sobornost
and creativity and,
206
–9

as suffering,
376

theothanatological views about,
381
–86

truth and,
525

unity and,
538

as unnamable,
555
–56

Vienna Circle and,
274

withdrawal of,
375

workers as,
213

See also
“God is back”; God is dead;
specific person’s views

“God is back,” 15,
28
,
29

God is dead:

atheists’ belief in,
28

and death as one of many,
535

Expressionism and,
49
,
119

fear of,
27

Impressionism and,
111
–12

Jewish views about,
375

minimalism and,
387

Nazis and,
314

and “new spirit” in art,
122

Nietzsche’s announcement of,
3
,
4
,
7
–8,
24
,
148
,
210
,
253
,
377
,
454
,
532
–33,
544
,
554

popularity of,
26
,
29

and publication of Nietzsche’s works,
23

theothanatology and,
382
,
383
–84,
386

thermodynamics and,
148

World War I and,
188

See also
specific person’s views

Gödel, Kurt,
273
,
337
,
492

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von,
34
,
188
,
206
,
214
,
227
,
291

Golden Dawn, Hermetic Students of the,
170
,
171
,
172
,
174

Gombrowicz, Witold,
449
,
451

good/Good:

definition of,
81

ethics and,
80
–83,
516

happiness and,
432
,
433
,
435

Jewish views about,
373

life,
26
,
473
,
505
,
506
,
518

Marxism and,
211

theothanatology and,
382

See also
specific person’s views

Goodheart, Eugene,
538
,
543

Goodman, Paul,
394
,
425

Gorky, Maxim,
205
,
206
,
210
–11

Gould, Stephen Jay,
540

Graham, Gordon,
11
,
264
,
539
,
540

Graham, Martha,
400
,
401

Gräser, Gusto,
40
–41,
42
–43

“gratuitous act” concept, Gide’s,
130
–31

Gray, John,
538
,
543
,
547
,
553

Grayling, A. C.,
505

Great Britain:

collapse of Christianity in,
28

Nietzsche in,
51

as welfare state,
333

World War I and,
192

World War II and,
332

See also
specific person’s views

Great Depression,
332
,
336
,
346

Great Refusal,
411

Great Terror, Stalin’s,
381
–82,
388
,
392

Great War.
See
World War I

“greatness,” 197

Green, Martin,
39
–40,
45
,
46
,
48

Gruber, Jonathan,
15
–16

guilt,
85
,
91
,
96
–97,
255
,
370

Gundelfinger, Friedrich “Gundolf,” 155,
156
–58,
191
–92

Günther, H.F.K.,
317
,
319
–20,
323

Habermas, Jürgen,
2
–3,
5
,
133
,
288
,
515
,
524
–29,
544
,
546
,
555

hallucinogenics,
416
–20,
441

Hamburger, Michael,
50
,
228
,
449
,
460
,
461

happiness:

anxiety and,
436
–40

and benefits of religion,
16

and children,
436
,
443

and church attendance,
15
,
21

consciousness and,
434

counterculture and,
437

definitions of,
436

democratization and,
20

diminished expectations and,
434
–35

drugs and,
440
–42

explorations about,
20

and failure of humanism,
6

flow and,
534

good and,
432
,
433
,
435

and happy in unhappiness,
435

health and,
432
–33

increase in,
20
–21

limits to,
54
–56

as looking back,
435

as luxury,
431

materialism and,
20
,
434

measurement of,
431
–32,
433

methods for attaining,
433

modernization and,
20

and move away from materialism,
19

Pew survey about,
15

philosophy and,
435

pragmatism and,
62

recollection of,
546

and rich and poor,
432
–33

security and,
431
,
434

self and,
434
,
435
,
444

therapeutic approach and,
437
–39,
443
–47

types of,
518

well-being and,
431
,
432
,
434

See also
specific person’s views

“happy warrior” concept, Wordsworth’s,
80

Harnack, Adolf von,
312

Harris, Sam,
7
,
475
,
477
,
512

Harvard Divinity School:

Emerson’s address to,
54

psychedelic experiments on students at,
418