The Bedbug (43 page)

Rommel, Field Marshal Erwin: Head of Army Group B responsible for resisting D-Day landings, supporter of 20 July plot.

Rot, Mirko: Yugoslav Abwehr agent who defected to Britain and revealed details of Max Klatt spy ring.

RSHA: See Intelligence.

Schneider, Willi: Valet and lover of Wolfgang zu Putlitz.

Seeckt, General Hans von: commander responsible for re-establishing the German army in the 1920s.

Schalburg, Vera: German agent captured in Scotland and interrogated by Klop.

Schellenberg, Walther: Intelligence officer, head of SS Foreign Intelligence from 1944.

SD/SS: See Intelligence.

Speidel, Hans: Fellow officer of Klop’s in the 123
^rd
Grenadiers during the First World War and lifelong friend. One of Hitler’s generals but an anti-Nazi involved in the plot to assassinate him. The first German to hold a senior position in Nato forces after the Second World War.

Spiecker, Dr Carl: Anti-Nazi politician whose information led to the Venlo incident.

Stauffenberg, Colonel Claus von: Planted the bomb intended to kill Hitler on 20 July 1944.

Wilhelm II, Kaiser: Abdicated as last emperor of Germany after First World War.

Wolff Bureau: German news wire service later absorbed into the state controlled DNB, German news bureau. Klop was their London correspondent from 1921-1930.

Wurmann, Major Richard (codename Harlequin): Head of Abwehr in Algeria, captured and interrogated by Klop, revealing extensive details of German military and espionage operations.

RUSSIA

Anatole Baykalov: Exile contact of Klop and Guy Liddell, of uncertain loyalty.

Budberg, Moura: Russian countess and socialite, whose lovers included the diplomat Robert Bruce Lockhart and authors Maxim Gorky and H G Wells. One of Klop’s best informants.

Cheka: See Intelligence

Dzerzhinsky, Felix: Director of the Cheka, 1917-1926.

Golitsyn (or Galitzine) Prince Vladimir: head of wealthy White Russian family and leader of British exile community.

Gorky, Maxim: Russian writer, friend of the Benois family and lover of Moura Budberg.

Gouzenko, Igor: Soviet defector who revealed the existence of the atom bomb spy Alun Nunn May.

Horvath, General Dmitri: See Nadia’s family.

Intelligence services:

Cheka: Military and internal security police formed by Lenin after the Russian revolution.

NKVD: Overall state security apparatus which at varying times included OGPU: (secret police) and was also responsible for foreign intelligence gathering, initially through the Comintern. Mutated into the KGB during the Cold War and more recently known as the SVR.

GRU: Military intelligence often running parallel spy operations to the NKVD.

Smersh: Counter intelligence service.

Karsavina, Tamara: Friend of Nadia, principal dancer of Imperial Ballet and Ballet Russe, married British diplomat Henry Bruce.

Kerensky, Alexander: Leader of provisional Russian government prior to the 1917 Bolshevik revolution.

KGB: See Intelligence.

Kuczynski: See under Britain.

Lang, Ira: Principal supplier of the Max Klatt spy ring, later revealed to be a Soviet agent.

Maisky, Ivan: Soviet ambassador in London 1932-43 and reputedly a friend of Klop’s from 1920.

Maria Feodorovna: Dowager Empress, mother of Tsar Nicholas II, sister-in-law of British King Edward VII.

Nicholas II: Tsar of the Russian empire 1894-1917 when he was forced to abdicate in the wake of popular riots and the February revolution.

NKVD: See Intelligence.

OGPU: See Intelligence.

Poleschauk, Valeria: Secretary to Nicholas Schreiber, childhood friend of Nadia, introduced her to Klop.

Romanov, George Leonidovitch: Spy turned priest, one-time secretary to General Turkul. Briefed Klop on Soviet penetration of White Russian exile groups.

Rote Drei
(Red Three): Russian intelligence operation in Switzerland, principally directed against Germany.

Rote Kapelle
(Red Orchestra): Russian intelligence network in Germany.

Sabline, Eugen: Chargé d’affaires at the embassy in London until 1917, thereafter semi-official diplomatic representative of the exile community.

St Petersburg: Capital of Tsarist Russia, renamed Petrograd in 1914 and Leningrad in 1924, reverting to St Petersburg in 1991. With some exceptions, referred to throughout as St Petersburg.

Schreiber, Nicholas: Retired naval officer who rented a room in his apartment in St Petersburg to Klop – scene of his first meeting with Nadia.

Stalin, Joseph: Soviet leader (as general secretary of the central committee of the Communist Party) 1922-1952.

Turkul, Prince Anton: Leader of various anti-Communist exile groups but strongly suspected of being a Soviet agent and member of the Max Klatt spy ring.

Vlasov, General Andrei: Leader of exile army prepared to fight for Hitler against Soviet regime.

Voss, Claudius: Soviet agent used to penetrate German navy. Also used by MI6 pre-WWII.

Wolkoff, Admiral Nikolai: Exile and former naval attaché at the London embassy. Daughter Anna was convicted of espionage on behalf of Germany during WWII.

Xenia Alexandrovna: Grand Duchess, sister of Tsar Nicholas II, figurehead of Russian exile community in Britain.

UNITED STATES

Bedaux, Charles: Nazi-sympathising millionaire businessman close to the Duke and Duchess of Windsor.

Blum, Paul: OSS agent who worked with Klop in London and Switzerland.

Donovan, Col. Bill: Head of OSS intelligence service.

Dulles, Allan: Swiss station chief for OSS, later head of the CIA.

Intelligence service:

OSS: Office of Strategic Services, forerunner of the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency).

FBI: Federal Bureau of Investigation, headed by J Edgar Hoover and fiercely protective of its role in internal security.

CIC: Counter Intelligence Corps of US Army used for Nazi interrogations.

Roosevelt, Franklin D: US President 1933-1945.

Silver, Arnold: Interrogator working with Klop in Max Klatt case, later senior CIA official.

Simpson, Mrs Wallis: Mistress of King Edward VIII, married him after the abdication and given the title Duchess of Windsor.

MISCELLANEOUS

Alemayehu, Prince: Infant son of Emperor Theodore of Ethiopia, brought to Britain and raised under Queen Victoria’s patronage.

Bartik, Major Josef: Czech head of counter intelligence in London in WWII

Cevat, Daan: Well-connected Dutch art dealer and secret agent who befriended Klop in the 1930s.

Chanel, Coco: French fashion designer, with a German lover during WWII, used her past friendship with Churchill and the Duke of Westminster to make peace overtures.

Freie Deutsche Kulturbund
: German exile group in London with links to Soviet agents.

Garcia, Juan Pujol (codename Garbo): Spanish businessman, Britain’s most successful double agent.

Labarthe, André: Editor of
La France Libre
in London during WWII and employer of Moura Budberg. Later exposed as Soviet agent.

Masson, Roger: Head of Swiss military intelligence,

Moravec, František: Head of Czech Intelligence Service in WWII.

Muselier, Admiral Emile: Left-leaning rival to General de Gaulle for leadership of the Free French. Connected to Moura Budberg.

Pan, Major Vaclav: Head of Czech intelligence in Lisbon.

Pavelić, Ante: Croat pro-Nazi Ustashe dictator wanted for war crimes but allowed to escape, apparently with British connivance.

Radó, Sándor: Hungarian controller of Soviet
Rote Drei
network in Switzerland; married to Helene Jansen whose two sisters were naturalised British.

Sedlacek, Karel: Czech agent in Switzerland who had access to
Rote Drei
network and fed its intelligence back to Britain.

Slama, Vaclav: Klop’s main contact in Czech intelligence.

Szymańska, Halina: Wife of former Polish military attaché to Berlin, lived in Switzerland and acted as conduit between Admiral Canaris and Allied intelligence services.

Theodore, Emperor (aka Tewodros): Leader who united the rival tribes of Abyssinia (Ethiopia) by conquest. He brought down the wrath of the British Empire by taking their representative and other Europeans hostage.

Victoire (code name of Mathilde Lucie Carre: Member of French Resistance, captured and escaped to London where she was suspected of working for the Germans. Interrogated by Klop.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

ARCHIVE SOURCES

AA: Auswärtiges Amt (German Foreign Office), Politisches Archiv, Kurstraße 36, 10117 Berlin

British Library, 96 Euston Road, London NW1 2DB – India Office Collection

CA: Churchill Archives Centre, Churchill College, Cambridge CB3 0DS

L-H: Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives, King’s College, Strand, London WC2R 2LS

IWM: Imperial War Museum, Lambeth Road, London SE1 6HZ

LB-W(S): Baden-Württemberg Central State Archives, Konrad-Adenauer-Straße 4 D-70173 Stuttgart

LB-W(L): Baden-Württemberg State Archives, Arsenalplatz 3, D-71638 Ludwigsburg

TNA: The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 4DU

(Categories: FO - Foreign Office; HO - Home Office; HW - Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ); KV - security service, MI5; WO - War Office)

USNA: United States National Archives, 8601 Adelphi Road, College Park, MD 20740-6001

* Currency conversions to 2011 equivalents were calculated using the ‘real price’ index compiled by Professors Lawrence Officer and Samuel Williamson of the University of Illinois at www. measuringworth.com.

BOOKS AND JOURNALS

(Published in London unless otherwise stated)

Aarons, Mark and Loftus, John:
Ratlines: How the Vatican’s Nazi networks betrayed Western Intelligence to the Soviets
(Heinemann, 1991)

Alexander, Tania:
A Little of All These, An Estonian Childhood
(Jonathan Cape, 1987)

Amort, C. and Jedlicka, I. M.:
The Canaris File
translated from Czech by Roger Gheysens (Allan Wingate, 1970)

Andrew, Christopher:
The Defence of the Realm, the authorised history of MI5
(Allen Lane, 2009)

Secret Service, The Making of the British Intelligence Community
(Heinemann, 1985)

Benois, Alexandre:
Memoirs Vols I & II
, trans. Moura Budberg (Chatto & Windus, 1960)

Benois Ustinov, Nadia:
Klop and the Ustinov family
(Sidgwick & Jackson, 1973)

Berberova, Nina:
Moura: The Dangerous Life of the Baroness Budberg
trans. Marian Schwarz and Richard D. Sylvester (
New York Review of Books
, New York, 2005)