The Chieftain: Victorian True Crime Through The Eyes of a Scotland Yard Detective (50 page)

NOTES

Main Abbreviations used

OBP – Old Bailey Proceedings Online (
www.oldbaileyonline.org
) as consulted on 30 September 2010.

TNA:PRO – The National Archives: Public Records Office (Kew, United Kingdom).

The full details of all cited published books and papers in academic journals are provided in the Bibliography.

Preface

  
1
  The National Archives (TNA): Public Records Office (PRO) HO 45/9442/66692: 1878 Report of the Departmental Commission to Inquire into the State, Discipline, and Organisation of the Detective Force of the Metropolitan Police. Minutes of Evidence, paragraph 2032.

  
2
  Summerscale (2008).

1 The Journey to Scotland Yard

  
1
  Bratton and Featherstone (2006), p. 215.

  
2
  TNA:PRO MEPO 21/14/4724; Census records.

  
3
  Hertfordshire Archives and Local Studies (HALS) document DP/107/8/7.

  
4
  Armstrong (1988), pp. 23–73.

  
5
  TNA:PRO MEPO 21/14/2504; MEPO 21/14/4750.

  
6
  TNA:PRO MEPO 4/333/84.

  
7
  Cobb (1957), p. 43.

  
8
  Kingston House and the Kingston House Estate, British History Online (
www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=45934
).

  
9
  HALS document DP/107/29/10–12 and microfilms 466 and 467: ‘Parochial Pedigrees compiled by the Reverend John G. Hale’.

10
  Hart-Davis (2001), pp. 13–4, 206; White (2007), p. 10; Wilson (2002), pp. 9, 16, 24, 28; Paterson (2006).

11
  Ascoli (1979); Browne (1956).

12
  Taylor (1997), p. 15; Emsley (2005), pp. 221–30.

13
  Smith (1985), pp. 33–6.

14
  White (2007), p. 401; Ascoli (1979), pp. 129–30.

15
  White (2007), p. 392.

16
  Author’s italics. Smith (1985), p. 23; Emsley (2005), p. 301.

17
  Emsley (2005), p. 241.

18
  TNA:PRO HO 45/9442/66692: Minutes of Evidence, paragraph 5105.

19
  Emsley (1996), p. 86.

20
  Emsley (1996), p. 186; Petrow (1994).

21
  Emsley (1996), p. 26; Hart-Davis (2001), p. 204.

22
  Cavanagh (1893), p. 4.

23
  Emsley (1996), p. 254.

24
  Emsley (2009), p. 43; Taylor (1997), p. 46.

25
  Smith (1985), p. 45.

26
  Browne (1956), p. 81; Critchley (1972), p. 151.

27
  Currency conversions have been made using the Currency Conversion tool at The National Archives website (
http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk
). The British currency in Victorian times was not decimalised. The main units of currency were pounds, shillings and pennies. One pound (one sovereign) contained 20 shillings (20
s
), and each shilling contained 12 pennies (12
d
).

28
  Emsley (1996), pp. 191–8.

29
  Moylan (1929), p. 98.

30
  Fuller (1912), p. 21.

31
  Ascoli (1979), p. 107.

32
  Emsley (1996), pp. 28–30; Moylan (1929), p. 149.

33
  Emsley (1996), p. 206.

34
  TNA:PRO MEPO 4/333.

35
  TNA:PRO MEPO 21/14/4724.

36
  Smith (1985), p. 39.

37
  Cobb (1957), p. 43.

38
  Emsley (1996), p. 206.

39
  Emsley (2009), p. 118; Smith (1985), pp. 40–1.

40
  Ibid.

41
  Emsley (1996), pp. 58, 225.

42
  Critchley (1972), p. 168.

43
  Moylan (1929), p. 112.

44
  TNA:PRO HO45/10002/A49463.

45
  TNA:PRO MEPO 21/14/4724; MEPO 21/14/2504; MEPO 21/14/4750.

46
  TNA:PRO HO27 England and Wales, Criminal Registers, 1791–1892.

47
  Information from census records and birth certificates. The five children were George Leonard Clarke (b. 2 July 1845 at Chipping Barnet); Henry John Clarke (b. 21 November 1846 at Highgate); Emily Bent Clarke (b. 28 September 1853 at St John’s Wood); Herbert Edwin Clarke (b. 4 October 1855 at St John’s Wood); Catherine Louisa Clarke (b. 3 September 1859 at St John’s Wood).

48
  Emsley (2005), p. 15.

49
  Ibid., pp. 13–4.

50
  Thomson (1935), p. 115; Stratmann (2010), pp. 9–18.

51
  TNA:PRO MEPO 21/2/947; MEPO 21/2/743; MEPO 21/14/2504.

52
  OBP (April 1844), John White (t18440408–1287); OBP (February 1849), John Cummings (t18490226–746);
The Times
(30 June 1860).

53
  Begg and Skinner (1992), p. 27; Hibbert (1963), p. 275.

54
  Moylan (1929), p. 153; Begg and Skinner (1992), pp. 35–6.

55
  Smith (1985), p. 65.

56
  TNA:PRO HO 45/9442/66692: Minutes of Evidence, paragraphs 4–7; Smith (1985), p. 62.

57
  The term ‘detective department’ has been used throughout this book. Browne (1956), pp. 121–2; Wade (2007), p. 40.

58
  Thomson (1935), p. 156.

59
  Ascoli (1979), p. 120.

60
  Smith (1985), p. 67.

61
  Begg and Skinner (1992), p. 27; Hibbert (1963), p. 275.

62
  Dickens (1850),
Household Words
(27 July).

63
  Begg and Skinner (1992) p. 27; Hibbert (1963) p. 275.

64
  Dickens,
Household Words
(27 July 1850).

65
  
Leeds Mercury
, Weekly Supplement (1 February 1890).

66
  Begg and Skinner (1992), p. 46.

67
  TNA:PRO HO 45/9442/66692: Minutes of Evidence, paragraphs 4–7; Smith (1985), p. 62.

68
  TNA:PRO HO 65/24 Waddington to Mayne (January 1862); Cavanagh (1893), pp. 98–100.

69
  Campbell (2002), pp. 75–6; TNA:PRO HO 45/9442/66692: Minutes of Evidence, paragraph 1929.

70
  TNA:PRO HO 65/24 Appointments.

71
  Cobb (1956), pp. 28–9.

72
  Summerscale (2008), p. 56.

73
  Griffiths (1901), p. 366.

74
  Cavanagh (1893), p. 67.

75
  Lansdowne (1890), p. 1.

76
  Browne (1956), p. 149.

77
  TNA:PRO HO 45/9442/66692: Minutes of Evidence, paragraphs 63–6.

78
  Ibid., paragraphs 282–6.It is these case reports that have sometimes survived in the National Archives though, unfortunately, many have been discarded over the years.

79
  Lansdowne (1890), p. 39.

80
  Fuller (1912), p. 214; Greenham (1904), p. 78.

81
  Greenham (1904), p. 61.

82
  TNA:PRO HO 45/9442/66692: Minutes of Evidence, paragraphs 597–8.

83
  Ibid., paragraph 2080.

84
  Ibid., paragraph 4766.

85
  Ibid., paragraph 4663.

86
  TNA:PRO HO 65/24 Appointments.

87
  
Leeds Mercury
(21 February 1863);
Liverpool Mercury
(30 March 1863).

88
  
The Times
(10 June 1863);
The Times
(14 July 1863); OBP (July 1863), David Charles Lloyd (t18630713–94 889).

89
  
The Times
(20 January 1864); OBP (February 1864), Charles Alberti (t18640201–227).

90
  TNA:PRO MEPO 7/24 (22 January 1863); MEPO 7/25 (25 February 1863); MEPO 7/25 (19 March 1864).

91
  TNA:PRO MEPO 7/25 (5 March 1864).

92
  TNA:PRO HO 45/9442/66692: Minutes of Evidence, paragraphs 4569–79.

93
  Ibid., paragraphs 917–20; Greenham (1904), pp. 7–8.

94
  Ibid., paragraphs 979–84, 1880.

95
  Ibid,, paragraph 1887.

96
  Wallachia and Moldavia are regions within what is now Romania. TNA:PRO HO 45/9442/66692: Minutes of Evidence, paragraphs 425–7.

97
  TNA:PRO HO 45/9442/66692: Minutes of Evidence, paragraphs 2040–2.

98
  TNA:PRO HO 65/24 Appointments; MEPO 7/24 (25 March 1864); MEPO 7/25 (29 March 1864); MEPO 7/24 (31 October 1863); Lock (1990), p. 163; MEPO 7/25 (30 April 1864); MEPO 21/11/3775.

99
  Diamond (2003), p. 52.

100
  Smith (1985), pp. 150–9.

101
  TNA:PRO HO 45/9442/66692: Minutes of Evidence, paragraphs 542–3.

102
  TNA:PRO MEPO 7/25 (21 May 1864).

103
  Personal Notebook of Richard Tanner. Metropolitan Police Historical Collection.

104
  Meiklejohn (1912), p. 13.

105
  TNA:PRO HO 45/9442/66692: Minutes of Evidence, paragraphs 4794–5.

106
  TNA:PRO MEPO 7/25 (31 May 1864); Wikipedia, ‘Henri d’Orleans, Duke of Aumale’.

2 A Murderous Year

  
1
  Hindley (1871), p. 209.

  
2
  Irving (1911).

  
3
  
Daily News
(27 September 1864).

  
4
  Irving (1911), p. 21.