The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (1159 page)

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Authors: John Bowker

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Jijñ
s
(Skt., ‘desire to know’). In Hindu philosophy, an investigation or enquiry regarding a qualified object of knowledge. See
BRAHMAJIJÑ
S
.
Jikaku Daishi
(posthumous title)
:
see
ENNIN
.
Jikishi ninshin
(direct transmission of teaching in Zen)
:
Jikkai
.
1
Jap., ‘the ten realms’, i.e. the states of possible being:
(i) 
jigoku
of torment or hell;
(ii) 
gaki
-d
, of hungry spirits;
(iii) 
chikusho
, of animals;
(iv) 
ashura
, that of
asuras;
(v) 
ningen
, of humans;
(vi) 
tenj
, of heavenly beings;
(vii) 
sh
mon
, of
r
vakas
;
(viii) 
engaku
, of
pratyekabuddhas
;
(ix) 
bosatsu
, of
bodhisattvas
;
(x) 
butsu
, of
buddhas
.
2
Jap., ‘ten precepts’, the ten precepts undertaken by a Buddhist monk: see
LA
.

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