The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (1180 page)

 
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Jonah, Book of
.

One of the twelve books of the
Minor Prophets
of the Hebrew scriptures and Christian Old Testament. Although Jonah is classified as a
prophetic book
, it is mainly concerned with the narrative story of Jonah.
In Jewish liturgy, the book is read in the afternoon service for Yom Kippur. Jonah's stay in the fish's belly was taken in Christian tradition as a type of Jesus’ death and resurrection (Matthew 12. 40). In Islamic tradition the prophet is known as Yunus.

 
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Jonang-pa
.

A school of Tibetan Buddhism prominent from the 13th cent. but closed down by the Great Fifth
Dalai Lama
, allegedly for heresy, in the 17th-cent. reformation. The founding of the Jonang is attributed to the 12th-cent. Yumo Mikyo Dorje, and the school took its name from the Jomonang monastery founded by Thukje Tsondru, whose student Sherab Gyaltsen (1292–1361) was the first to systematize its teachings. Their offending beliefs go back to Yumo Mikyo Dorje, who evolved the
zhen dong
heresy during meditation on the K
lacakra and presented it supported by
s
tras
‘indicating an essence’ (
snying.po
; i.e. the
Tath
gatagarbha S
tra
), but considered by other schools as ‘requiring interpretation’ (
ney
rtha
) and not to be taken at face value (
n
t
rtha
). It is ironic that, given the charge of heresy as a reason for their repression, the offending zhen dong doctrine was reactivated to underpin the 19th-cent.
Rimé
movement, and has since become prevalent in all schools except the Geluk.

 
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