The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (1895 page)

bha as the essence of the nembutsu and as the true cause of salvation. His followers, drawn primarily from the peasant class, went on to establish the
J
do
Shinsh
school of Buddhism. The other major Pure Land school to arise in Japan was the Ji school founded by
Ippen
(1239–89). He also inherited H
nen's teachings, but he advocated simple repetition of Amit
bha's name whether undergirded by faith or not. All of these schools made Pure Land one of the dominant forms of Buddhism in Japan.

 
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see
PURE LAND
.

 
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see
CH’ÜAN-CHEN TAO
.

 
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Purgative Way
.

The first of the
Three Ways
of the mystical life. This triadic division was popularized by
Dionysius
the Areopagite. See also
ILLUMINATIVE
and
UNITIVE
.

 
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Purgatory
.

According to Catholic teaching, the place or state in which those who have died in the grace of God expiate their unforgiven
venial sins
, by undergoing due punishment before being admitted to the
beatific vision
. Scriptural warrant is claimed in 2 Maccabees 12. 39–45; Matthew 12. 31 f.; 1 Corinthians 3. 11–15. The doctrine of purgatory was openly rejected at the
Reformation
, and Protestants deny it as unscriptural and a denial of the complete forgiveness of sins through faith in Christ's saving work.
For a Buddhist equivalent, see
YAMA
.