The Gay Metropolis (75 page)

gay artistic community of,
88
–104

Beats in,
98
–100

changes to NYC during,
101
–2

gay bars in,
106
–7

gay socializing in,
107
–10

closeted life in,
111
–15

film critics: homophobia of,
155
–56

films: gay themes in, in the seventies,
209
–11

Finch, Peter,
209

Fire Island: in the forties,
45
–46

in the fifties,
109

in the sixties,
149
–50

in the seventies,
291
–292

in the eighties,
290

Fisher, Pete,
223

Fitzsimmons, Jack,
277
–78,
293
–94,
302
,
303
–5

Flanders, Ralph,
75

Fleischman, Mark,
259

Fletcher, James,
282
n

Fonda, Henry,
196

Fonteyn, Margot,
109

Ford, Gerald,
214

Forster, E. M.,
43
,
211
–12

forties, the,
3
–62.
See also
military; World War II

Fosburgh, Lacey,
216

Fosse, Bob,
209
,
210
,
211

Foucault, Michel,
291

Fouratt, Jim,
206

Four Saints in Three Acts
(Thomson and Stein),
41

Frank, Barney,
325

Frankel, Max,
226
,
287

Frankfurter, Felix,
92

Franklin, Aretha,
136
,
196

Franklin, Johnny,
324

French, Jerry,
54
–55

French, Margaret,
44

Freud, Sigmund,
xiv
,
116

Frey, Leonard,
186

Friedman, Jeff,
302

Friedman, Stanley M.,
78
,
97
n,
255

Friedman-Kien, Dr. Alvin,
280
–81

Friendly, Fred,
160
,
221

Fry, Clements,
49

Fugate, James,
125

Fulbright, William,
248
–49

Gabelline, Mario Enzo,
20
–21

Gabrielson, Guy,
74

Gagliostro, Vincent,
322

Gallagher, John,
334
n,
336

Gallowhur, George,
10
–11,
12

Gallup, Grant,
136

Gamrecki, Jack,
275

Gancyclovir,
324

Gardner, Gerald,
66

Garland, Judy,
192
–97

Garrow, David J.,
320

Gathering of the Tribes,
145

Gavin, James,
42

Gay
(magazine),
215

gay: term used by
New York Times
,
287

Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual Psychiatric Survivors,
330

Gay Academic Union,
243

Gay Activists Alliance,
206
,
216
,
220
–21,
261
–65

National Gay Movement Committee of,
206

politicians endorse platform of,
217

demonstrates against
Harper's
,
225

and campaign against APA classification of homosexuality,
235
–40

firehouse headquarters of,
260
,
263
–64

organization of,
262

weekly dances of,
263
–65

Gay Agenda, The
(film),
272

gay festivals: in the seventies,
216
–17

Gay Games,
339

“Gay-In” (1970),
216

“Gay is good” slogan,
147
,
148

gay journalists:
See also individual journalists, newspapers, and magazines

bias against,
175
–80,
286

closeted,
213
,
286

New York Times
improves treatment of,
286
–87

impact of Randy Shilts,
287
–90

coming out by,
318

national association's party at 1992 Democratic convention,
331

gay liberation:
See also
gay militancy; gay rights; political activism

Mattachine Society and,
122
–24

black civil rights and women's liberation as models for,
xii
,
136

Stonewall riot and,
197
–202,
205
–6

Gay Liberation Front,
135
,
206
,
220

gay magazines,
16
,
171
–72,
339
,
340
,

in the sixties,
158

corporate advertising in,
339
–40

Gay Men's Health Crisis (GMHC),
293
,
298
–300,
320
,
325

gay militancy,
216
.
See also
political activism

backlash against,
222
–28,
271
–72

religious right campaign against,
272
,
273

violent attacks against,
274
–75

ACT UP,
320
–25

and capitalist mainstreaming of gays,
340

gay organizations: proliferation of,
206
,
329
–30

GAYPA,
237
–38

“Gay Power, Gay Politics” (CBS),
271
–72

Gay Pride March,
262
–63

Gay Pride Week,
216

gay rights:
See also
gay militancy; political activism; concept of,
148

Koch and,
215
,
221
,
317

politicians begin endorsing call for,
217

Abrams and,
221

backlash against,
222
–28

and APA repeal of “illness” classification,
235
–40

gains in the eighties,
269
–70

corporate antidiscrimination policies,
270
,
339

in the eighties,
270

bill passed in NYC,
317
–18

gay self–identity:
See also
coming out

in the seventies,
212
–13,
243

AIDS and,
310
–17,
325

Gefter, Philip,
242
–45,
256
,
263
,
277
,
291
–92,
293
–95,
302
–7

genetic theory of homosexuality,
231

Georgia: sodomy statute of,
318
–20

Germany: Weimar,
xiv
–xv,
25
,
210
,
271

Nazi, xv,
25
,
42
–43

Geto, Ethan,
77
,
95
n,
217
–21,
223
,
255
–56,
259
,
260
–62,
263
–65,
269
–70,
315

and Abrams,
220
,
221
,
256
,
264
–65

coming out of,
260
–62

and NYC gay rights bill,
317

and “moral values,” 325

Gibson, Charles,
310
–13,
343

Gielgud, John,
107

Gilliatt, Penelope,
209

Gillman, Bill (pseudonym),
77
–78

Gingrich, Newt,
333

Ginsberg, Allen,
89
,
99
–100,
144
,
149
,
152
,
201
,
236
n

Giovanni's Room
(Baldwin),
73

Gitlin, Murray,
8
,
30
,
44
–45,
93
,
102
–4,
120
,
155
,
186
,
186
n,
187
,
190
n,
191

Gittings, Barbara,
236

Goff, Michael,
339

Gold, Ron,
237
,
238

Goldberg, Arthur,
217
,
221

Goldberg, Suzanne B.,
345

Golden Pheasant (bar),
106

Goldman, Albert,
169
,
171

Goldman, William,
190
n

Goldstein, Al,
201

Goldwater, Barry,
141

Gomes, Rev. Peter J.,
xiii
,
344

gonorrhea,
119

Good Book; The
(Gomes),
xiii

Goodell, Charles,
217

Goodhue, Robert,
9

Goodman, Paul,
98

Goren, Shlomo,
182
,
182
n

Gorman, Cliff,
187

Go Tell It on the Mountain
(Baldwin),
73

government, gays in the: in the forties,
17
–19

persecution of, in the fifties,
69
–82

exclusion of, in the sixties,
140

Jenkins scandal,
140
–41

in the seventies,
222

coming out by,
325

Clinton and,
337

Graber, Ted,
276

Graham, Katharine,
172
–75

Graham, Martha,
103

Granger, Farley,
59

Grant, Cary,
59

Gray, Robert,
276

Great Britain: decriminalization of homosexuality in,
152
–54,
164

Green, Adolph,
184

Green, Richard,
237

Greenberg (publisher),
125

Greenfield, Jeff,
222

Greenwich Village: in the fifties,
85
–86,
101
–2,
106
–7

Stonewall riot in,
197
–202

in the seventies,
215

Ninth Circle,
240
–42,
244

sex in trailers in,
261

shooting spree against gays in,
274
–75

Gregg, Dr. Alan,
53

Gregg, Gail,
286
–87

Griffith, Robert E.,
92

Griffo, Michela,
215

group sex: in baths,
120

in bars,
245

in trailers,
261

in the “Meat Rack,” 292

Grumley, Michael,
284

gyms,
12

Hagerty, James,
81

Haight-Ashbury, San Francisco,
144
,
152

Hair
(Broadway musical),
187

Halberstam, David,
65
,
223

Hamilton, Margaret,
193

Hammerstein, Oscar,
67

harassment of gays:
See also
police harassment

in the forties,
13
–14

in the fifties,
82
–84

in the sixties,
145
–46

Hard Day's Night, A
(film),
151
,
180
n

Hardwick, Michael,
319

Harlan, Justice John Marshall,
344
–45

Harlem: drag shows in,
40
–41

gay life in,
40
–41,
122

Harper's:
diatribe against gays in,
xi
,
222
–25,
226
,
228
–29

Harris, L. D.,
117
–18

Harrison, George,
152
,
180
,
180
n

Hart, George Overbury “Pop,”
168
n

Hart, Moss,
57
,
58

Hatcher, Tom,
263

Hatterer, Dr. Lawrence J.,
229
,
230

Hattoy, Bob,
331

Hauser, Rita,
149

Hawaii: and gay marriage,
340

Hawkins, Ashton,
173

Hay, Harry,
123
,
315

Hays Office,
66
n

Head, Murray,
209

Hellman, Lillian,
76
,
155

Helms, Alan,
93
,
188
–89n

Helms, Jesse,
337

Hendin, Herbert,
251
–52

Hersh, Seymour,
223

Heston, Charlton,
97

Hetrick-Martin Institute,
329

Heublein,
339

Hibbs, Gene,
196
–97

high school gay students,
270

school for,
330

Hirschfeld, Magnus,
xiv
–xv

Hitler, Adolf,
69

HIV:
See also
AIDS; discovery of,
304
–5,

resistance to,
307

test for,
310

Hoffman, Dustin,
302

Holbrook, Hal,
208

Holden, Nicky,
8
–9

Holden, William,
39

Holleran, Andrew,
284

Holly, Buddy,
135

Hollywood: gay life in the forties in,
59
–62

censorship of, in the fifties,
66
–68,
96

and anti-Communist crusade,
68
,
72
–73

censorship office abolished,
143
–44

and
Victim
,
155

Holocaust, xv

homophobia:
See also
prejudice against

gays; internalized,
128

use of term,
227
n