The Heir Apparent (104 page)

  
1
.  Susan North, “John Redfern & Sons, 1847–1892,”
Costume
, vol. 42 (2008). Author email from Kate Strasdin, 24 March 2011.

  
2
.  National Portrait Gallery, Photograph of Alix by James Russell, Chichester, August 1876.

  
3
.  RA VIC/Z452/9, Charlotte Knollys to QV, 24 March 1877.

  
4
.  Wellcome Library, Gull Papers, D/7/1, QV to William Gull, 31 March 1877.

  
5
.  RA VIC/Z452/25, Charlotte Knollys to QV, 10 April 1877.

  
6
.  Copenhagen Letters, Box 103, Alix to Minnie, 6 March 1874.

  
7
.  Copenhagen Letters, Box 103, Alix to Minnie, March 1877.

  
8
.  RA VIC/Z452/10, Alix to QV, 26 March 1877.

  
9
.  RA VIC/EVIID/1877: 23 March–3 April.

 
10
.  RA VIC/Z452/17, Alix to QV, 4 April 1877.

 
11
.  RA VIC/Z452/20, Alix to QV (telegram), 5 April 1877.

 
12
.  
The Times
, 5 May, 9 May 1877.

 
13
.  Sir Oliver Millar, quoted in
The Guardian
, 17 May 2007.

 
14
.  RA VIC/EVIID/1877: 11 May.
The Times
, 12 May 1877.

 
15
.  Laura Beatty,
Lillie Langtry: Manners, Masks and Morals
(Chatto and Windus, 1999), p. 38.

 
16
.  Lillie Langtry,
The Days I Knew
(Hutchinson, 1925), pp. 38–40, 60–61. Beatty,
Lillie Langtry
, pp. 38–39, 47.

 
17
.  Langtry,
Days I Knew
, p. 71.

 
18
.  RA VIC/EVIID/1877: 24 May.

 
19
.  Langtry,
Days I Knew
, p. 73.

 
20
.  Ibid., pp. 38–43.

 
21
.  National Portrait Gallery, Heinz Gallery, Lillie Langtry File, cutting “Interviewing Mrs. Langtry,” 1882.

 
22
.  Beatty,
Lillie Langtry
, pp. 36, 101, 137. Cornwallis-West,
Reminiscences
, p. 105.

 
23
.  National Portrait Gallery, Heinz Gallery, Lillie Langtry File, Christie’s
Catalogue
, Sant’s Portrait of Lillie Langtry, auctioned 3 June 1999. The painting belonged to Bertie, and was left to his daughter Louise.
Whitehall Review
, 19 July 1879. Bertie visited Sant’s studio in 1879 (RA VIC/EVIID/1879: 19 July).

 
24
.  Cornwallis-West,
Reminiscences
, p. 105.

 
25
.  Langtry,
Days I Knew
, p. 50.

 
26
.  Leslie,
Edwardians in Love
, p. 100. James Brough,
The Prince and the Lily
(Hodder and Stoughton, 1975), p. 140.

 
27
.  RA VIC/Z452/60, William Gull to QV, 3 July 1877.

 
28
.  Langtry,
Days I Knew
, p. 74. Beatty,
Lillie Langtry
, pp. 70–71, 86–77.

 
29
.  Copenhagen Letters, Box 103, Alix to Minnie, n.d. [1877].

 
30
.  RA VIC/Z452/74, Alix to QV, 2 August 1877.

 
31
.  See RA VIC/A2/28, QV to B, 16 August 1877.
The Times
, 23, 28 July; 2, 4, 7, 18, 20 August 1877.

 
32
.  Sir Seymour Fortescue, “King Edward as a Yachtsman,” in Alfred E. T. Watson,
King Edward VII as a Sportsman
(Longmans, Green, 1911), pp. 296–97.

 
33
.  See, e.g.,
Sheffield and Rotherham Independent
, 6 September 1877.

 
34
.  QV to Vicky, 6 November 1877, in Fulford,
Dearest Child
, p. 269.

 
35
.  RA VIC/Z452/128, Alix to QV, 22 November 1877. Copenhagen Letters, Box 103, Alix to Minnie, 4 August 1870.

 
36
.  
The Times
, 23, 24 November 1877.

 
37
.  Brough,
Prince and the Lily
, p. 154. Beatty,
Lillie Langtry
, pp. 88–89.

 
38
.  Bodleian Library, Harcourt Papers, MSS dep. 348, Lewis Harcourt Diary, 17 March 1881.

 
39
.  
Star
, 21 March, 11 April 1878.
Hampshire Telegraph
, 18 May 1878.

 
40
.  RA VIC/Add A2/23, QV to B. 17 March 1876.

 
41
.  Langtry,
Days I Knew
, pp. 155–57.

 
42
.  Beatty,
Lillie Langtry
, p. 97. Duchess of Manchester to Lord Beaconsfield, in Marquis of Zetland,
Letters of Disraeli
, vol. 2, p. 158.
The Times
, 21, 30 January 1878.

 
43
.  Ned Langtry was presented to the Queen by Bertie on 19 March 1878. (
The Times
, 20 March 1878.)

 
44
.  Langtry,
Days I Knew
, pp. 107–9.
The Times
, 10 May 1878.

 
45
.  Marquis of Zetland,
Letters of Disraeli
, vol. 2, p. 156.

 
46
.  
The World
, 6 September 1877.

 
47
.  RA VIC/Add A36/1314, Henry Ponsonby to Mary Ponsonby, 8 September 1877.

 
48
.  
The Times
, 6 May 1878.

 
49
.  
The Times
, 9, 11 May 1878. Lee,
Edward VII
, vol. 1, pp. 358–63.

 
50
.  
The Gladstone Diaries
, vol. 9, ed. H. C. G. Matthew (Clarendon Press, 1986), p. 317 (26 May 1878).

 
51
.  B to Lord Beaconsfield, 14 September 1876, in Lee,
Edward VII
, vol. 1, p. 420.

 
52
.  RA VIC/Add A36/1148, Henry Ponsonby to Mary Ponsonby, 7 October 1876. RA VIC/T6/115, Henry Ponsonby to Thomas Sanderson, 7 October 1876.

 
53
.  Lord Beaconsfield to QV, 13 April 1877, in Buckle,
Letters
(2nd series), vol. 2, p. 528.

 
54
.  RA VIC/Add A36/1340, Henry Ponsonby to Mary Ponsonby, 24 October 1877.

 
55
.  Dorothy Anderson, “Valentine Baker,”
ODNB
.

 
56
.  Lee,
Edward VII
, vol. 1, p. 422.

 
57
.  RA VIC/Add A36/1140, Henry Ponsonby to Mary Ponsonby, 28 September 1876.

 
58
.  
The Times
, 2 May 1877.

 
59
.  RA VIC/Add A36/1140, Henry Ponsonby to Mary Ponsonby, 28 September 1876.

 
60
.  Vincent,
Derby Diaries 1869–78
, p. 412 (22 June 1877).

 
61
.  Ibid., p. 531 (25 March 1878).

 
62
.  RA VIC/T7/34, Salisbury to B, 24 July 1878. Lee,
Edward VII
, vol. 1, pp. 366–68.

 
63
.  Langtry,
Days I Knew
, pp. 152–53.

 
64
.  Beatty,
Lillie Langtry
, pp. 1–9.

 
65
.  RA VIC/Add C07/1, Lord Lytton to Francis Knollys, 12 December 1878.

 
66
.  Mark Girouard,
The Victorian Country House
(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1971), p. 422. “Wadhurst Park,” Wadhurst History Society,
http://​www.​wadhurst.​info/​whs/​newsletters/​whs03/​page5.​htm
.

 
67
.  Author email from Gerard Stamp, 9 April 2010.

 
68
.  Theo Aronson,
Royal Subjects
(Pan Books, 2001), p. 123.

 
69
.  Quoted in Battiscombe,
Queen Alexandra
, p. 100.

 
70
.  Mapperton Papers, Box 287, Oliver Montagu to Lord Sandwich, 26 October 1878. Alix’s biographer, Georgina Battiscombe, reads the letter in this sense. (
Queen Alexandra
, pp. 138–39.)

  
1
.  RA QVJ, 13 December 1878.

  
2
.  
The Times
, 13 December 1878.

  
3
.  RA QVJ, 13, 14 December 1878.
The Times
, 12, 20 December 1878.

  
4
.  RA QVJ, 14 December 1878.

  
5
.  Buckle,
Letters
(2nd series), vol. 2, pp. 654–55. RA QVJ, 14 December 1878.

  
6
.  RA QVJ, 14 December 1878.

  
7
.  
Alice, Grand Duchess of Hesse: Biographical Sketch and Letters
, ed. Dr. Sell (John Murray, 1884), pp. 370–71.

  
8
.  
The Times
, 12 December 1878.

  
9
.  RA VIC/T7/58, B to Lord Beaconsfield, 27 December 1878.

 
10
.  QV to Vicky, 10 January 1879, in
Beloved Mama: Private Correspondence of Queen Victoria and the German Crown Princess, 1878–1885
, ed. Roger Fulford (Evans, 1981).

 
11
.  Noel,
Princess Alice
, pp. 175–77.

 
12
.  Alice to QV, 6 September 1876, in Sell,
Alice
, p. 345.

 
13
.  QV to Vicky, 14, 18, 23 November 1878, in Fulford,
Beloved Mama
, pp. 28–29.

 
14
.  Alice to QV, 11 September 1876, in Sell,
Alice
, p. 346.

 
15
.  Alice to Grand Duke Louis of Hesse, December 1877, in Noel,
Princess Alice
, p. 224.

 
16
.  Alice to QV, 26 April 1874, in Sell,
Alice
, p. 321.

 
17
.  
The Times
, 17, 18 December 1878.

 
18
.  Copenhagen Letters, Box 104, Alix to Minnie, 1 January 1879.

 
19
.  Quoted in Lee,
Edward VII
, vol. 1, p. 592.

 
20
.  RA VIC/Add C07/1, B to Francis Knollys, 18 December 1878.

 
21
.  RA QVJ, 18 December 1878.

 
22
.  RA QVJ, 21 December 1878.

 
23
.  RA QVJ, 23 December 1878.

 
24
.  RA QVJ, 21 December 1878.

 
25
.  RA QVJ, 27 December 1878.

 
26
.  Downer,
Queen’s Knight
, p. 275.

 
27
.  Inger-Lise Klausen,
Tak for Dansen, Louise
[
The First Glücksburg Royal Couple and All Their European Family
] (Copenhagen: Aschehoug, 2003), pp. 188–90, 198–203. Coryne Hall,
Little Mother of Russia
(Shepheard-Walwyn, 2006), pp. 67–80.

 
28
.  Pope-Hennessy,
Queen Mary
, p. 153.

 
29
.  Copenhagen Letters, Box 104, Alix to Minnie, 9 October 1878.

 
30
.  
The Times
, 23 December 1878.

 
31
.  Argyll Etkin Collection, B to Charles Wyke, 7 January 1879. See Lee,
Edward VII
, vol. 1, pp. 364–65.

 
32
.  RA VIC/S23/34, Vicky to B, 3 January 1879.

 
33
.  RA VIC/Z459/90, Dalton’s Memorandum on Education of Prince Albert Victor and Prince George, 11 February 1877.

 
34
.  RA VIC/Z459/92, QV’s Memorandum on Mr. Dalton’s Memorandum on the Education of Prince Albert Victor and Prince George, 15 February 1877.

 
35
.  RA VIC/Z452/108, Alix to QV, 15 October 1877.

 
36
.  RA VIC/Z473A/1, Lord Ramsay to B, 3 December 1878.

 
37
.  RA VIC/Z453/9, John Dalton to B, 9 April 1879. Davenport-Hines, “John Dalton,”
ODNB
.

 
38
.  Ponsonby’s Memo, n.d., in Arthur Ponsonby,
Henry Ponsonby
, p. 105.

 
39
.  RA VIC/Z453/10, Lord Beaconsfield to QV, 19 May 1879.

 
40
.  RA VIC/Add C07/1, Francis Knollys to Henry Ponsonby, n.d. [1879].

 
41
.  
The Times
, 17 September 1879.

 
42
.  RA VIC/Z453/49, B to QV, 19 September 1879.

 
43
.  RA GV/AA13/61, B to George, 30 September 1879.

 
44
.  Copenhagen Letters, Box 104, Alix to Minnie, 23 December 1880.

 
45
.  See Theo Aronson,
Prince Eddy and the Homosexual Underworld
(John Murray, 1994), pp. 53–4.

 
46
.  Joanna Richardson,
Sarah Bernhardt and Her World
(Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1977), pp. 78–84. Langtry,
Days I Knew
, pp. 120–23.

 
47
.  RA VIC/EVIID/1879: 19 June; 6, 9, 10, 11 July: records visits to Sarah Bernhardt’s gallery or to the Comédie-Française.

 
48
.  Arthur Gold and Robert Fizdale,
The Divine Sarah
(HarperCollins, 1992), p. 153.

 
49
.  Lady Frederick Cavendish diary, quoted in Beatty,
Lillie Langtry
, p. 150. See Camp,
Royal Mistresses
, p. 367.

 
50
.  Beatty,
Lillie Langtry
, p. 145.

 
51
.  RA VIC/EVIID/1879: 6 April.

 
52
.  Brough,
Prince and the Lily
, p. 199. Typically, no source is given for this anecdote.

 
53
.  
Diaries of Edward Henry Stanley, 15th Earl of Derby (1826–93) Between 1878 and 1893
, ed. John Vincent (Leopard’s Head Press, 2003), p. 221 (19 March 1880). Wilfrid Blunt heard the same story: See Theo Aronson,
The King in Love
(John Murray, 1988), pp. 86–87.

 
54
.  Lillie Langtry to Lord Wharncliffe, n.d. [June 1880], in Beatty,
Lillie Langtry
, p. 174.

 
55
.  Brough,
Prince and the Lily
, p. 200.
The Times
, 13 October 1879.

 
56
.  
The Times
, 13 October 1879.

 
57
.  QV to Vicky, 7 November 1879, in Fulford,
Beloved Mama
, p. 57.

 
58
.  Lee,
Edward VII
, vol. 1, pp. 416–17, 448–50.

 
59
.  Magnus,
Edward VII
, pp. 206–8.

 
60
.  Marquis of Zetland,
Letters of Disraeli
, vol. 2, p. 211 (1 April 1879).

 
61
.  Bertie’s diary (RA VIC/EVIID/1880) records five visits by Louis Battenberg in May (30 April–3 May; 6–10 May; 14–17 May; 21–24 May; 25–31 May) and two in June (4–5 June, 27 June).

 
62
.  Anthony Lambton,
The Mountbattens
(Constable, 1989). Richard Hough,
Louis and Victoria
(Hutchinson, 1974), is based on taped interviews with Mountbatten. Count Egon Corti,
The Downfall of Three Dynasties
(Methuen, 1934). Author email from Anthony Camp, 3 May 2011.

 
63
.  Vicky to QV, 7 January 1885, in Fulford,
Beloved Mama
, p. 178.

 
64
.  Beatty,
Lillie Langtry
, p. 166, says the affair with Louis was conducted with “the apparent permission” of Bertie. Aronson says that “quite possibly” the Prince encouraged the liaison. (
King in Love
, p. 89.) According to Brough, it was “more than likely” that Bertie made the introduction knowing what would happen. (
Prince and the Lily
, pp. 194–95.)

 
65
.  Beatty,
Lillie Langtry
, p. 172.

 
66
.  Ibid., pp. 172–73. Aronson,
King in Love
, p. 87.

 
67
.  Langtry,
Days I Knew
, p. 68.

 
68
.  Lillie Langtry to Lord Wharncliffe, n.d., in Beatty,
Lillie Langtry
, p. 176.

 
69
.  Bertie’s diary shows that Battenberg was staying at Marlborough House on 27 June, the likely conception time. (RA VIC/EVIID/1880: 27 June.)

 
70
.  Hough,
Louis and Victoria
, pp. 96–97.

 
71
.  Beatty,
Lillie Langtry
, p. 179.

 
72
.  Lillie Langtry to Lord Wharncliffe, n.d., in ibid., p. 184. Bertie does not mention this meeting in his diary, but this need not mean that it didn’t take place; Lillie’s letter to Lord Wharncliffe was written shortly after the event.

 
73
.  RA VIC/EVIID/1880: 17 October.

 
74
.  Beatty,
Lillie Langtry
, pp. 177, 187–210. Camp,
Royal Mistresses
, pp. 364–66.

 
75
.  Langtry,
Days I Knew
, p. 85.

 
76
.  Oscar Wilde,
Lady Windermere’s Fan
,
ebooks.​adelaide.​edu.​au/​w/​wilde/​oscar/​lady_​windermeres_​fan
, Act 3, Scene 1.

 
77
.  RA GV/AA14/3, B to George, 16 December 1881.

 
78
.  Bodleian Library, Harcourt Papers, Dep 364, MSS Diary, 10 February 1885.

 
79
.  RA VIC/Add C07/1, George Lewis to Francis Knollys, 4 November 1897. See also RA VIC/Add C07/1, Lewis to Knollys, 13, 18, 22 November 1897.

 
80
.  B to Lillie Langtry, 5 August 1885, in Beatty,
Lillie Langtry
, p. 269.

 
81
.  RA GV/ADD/Copy/86, B to Lillie Langtry, 19 January 1886.

 
82
.  Beatty,
Lillie Langtry
, p. 303.

 
83
.  RA GV/ADD/Copy/109, B to Lillie Langtry [n.d., 1890s].

 
84
.  
The Times
, 2 October 1879.

 
85
.  RA VIC/Z453/43, Charlotte Knollys to QV, 10 September 1879.

 
86
.  RA VIC/Z453/56, Charlotte Knollys to QV, 8 October 1879.

 
87
.  RA VIC/Z453/56, Charlotte Knollys to QV, 8 October 1879.

 
88
.  RA VIC/Z453/47, B to QV, 17 September 1879.

 
89
.  Ibid.

 
90
.  Marquis of Zetland,
Letters of Disraeli
, vol. 2, pp. 245–46 (9, 11 November 1879). See Magnus,
Edward VII
, pp. 161–62.

 
91
.  Copenhagen Letters, Box 104, Alix to Minnie, 3 November 1879.

 
92
.  Copenhagen Letters, Box 104, Alix to Minnie, 11 February 1880.

 
93
.  Copenhagen Letters, Box 104, Alix to Minnie, 23 December 1880.

 
94
.  Bodleian Library, Lincolnshire Papers, MS Film 1120, B to Carrington, 18 April 1879.

 
95
.  Mary Mackie,
The Prince’s Thorn: Edward VII and the Lady Farmer of Sandringham
(Pegasus, 2008), pp. 190–242. David Duff,
Whisper Louise: Edward VII and Mrs. Cresswell
(Frederick Muller, 1974).

 
96
.  Marquis of Zetland,
Letters of Disraeli
, vol. 2, pp. 258–59 (13 January 1880).

 
97
.  QV to Henry Ponsonby, 4 April 1880, in Arthur Ponsonby,
Henry Ponsonby
, p. 184.

 
98
.  RA VIC/T8/6, B to Henry Ponsonby, 21 April 1880.

 
99
.  QV’s minute of 22 April 1880, in Magnus,
Edward VII
, p. 166.